[PPT] - 30 Years of GEWI-Pile Applications in Canada International Society PowerPoint Presentation

SLIDE 1

1 ISM Toronto, 2007

30 Years of GEWI-Pile Applications in Canada

International Society of Micropiles Toronto, Sept 26 - 30, 2007

Prepared by

Joe Li and Gary Kast

SLIDE 2

2 ISM Toronto, 2007

GEWI-Piles - Presentation

Introduction
Definition / System
Applications
Summary

SLIDE 3

3 ISM Toronto, 2007

Introduction

Original micropiles or “root piles” by Dr. F. Lizzi - early 50’s
GEWI-Piles introduced to Western Canada in Mid 1970’s
The first GEWI-Pile project for an oil storage tank in a refinery,

Calgary, 1974

Winter Olympic Games in Mid 1980’s
Thousands of GEWI-Piles have been used

SLIDE 4

4 ISM Toronto, 2007

Definition

A GEWI-Pile (Threadbar Micropile) is a small diameter, usually less than 300 mm, bored and grouted friction pile with centrically located threadbar(s) as the load carrying element, acting in tension and/or compression.

SLIDE 5

5 ISM Toronto, 2007

GEWI-Pile System

Grout body encasing Threadbar provides corrosion

protection for compression pile.

Double Corrosion Protection (DCP) system used for

GEWI-Piles in tension.

Force transfered by friction into rock or soil.
Threadbar provides excellent bond transfer.
Continuous threads provide connection in pile cap.
Add permanent steel casing for additional capacity.
Special grouting techniques improve load carrying

capacity.

DCP is an inexpensive corrosion protection system.

(only a fraction of overall installation cost)

SLIDE 6

6 ISM Toronto, 2007

GEWI-Pile Grouting Techniques

Type A: Gravity fill techniques. Type B: Pressure grouting through casing. Type C: Type A + High-pressure Postgrouting.

SLIDE 7

7 ISM Toronto, 2007

GEWI-Pile Applications – logistic advantages 1) Difficult access to sites 2) Low headroom 3) Tight and congested work areas 4) Difficult soil conditions Solving logistic problems such as:

SLIDE 8

8 ISM Toronto, 2007

GEWI-Pile Applications – logistic advantages, continued.. 1) Access to sites

– Along steep slopes (Rogers pass, BC, 1985) – Foundation in remote sites (Dew Lines, 1990)

SLIDE 9

9 ISM Toronto, 2007

CP Rail Viaduct at Roger’s Pass, BC – 1985

SLIDE 10

10 ISM Toronto, 2007

CP Rail Viaduct at Roger’s Pass, BC – 1985

Original Design 900ø steel pipe-piles 12 m deep, vertical Note the embankment required to support the temporary access road for heavy piling equipment

SLIDE 11

11 ISM Toronto, 2007

TYP. SPAN LENGTH = 30.0m

CP Rail Viaduct at Roger’s Pass, BC – 1985 Alternative Design (As-built) DYWIDAG GEWI-Piles

57ø gr. 517MPa tested to 1,020kN 140ø borehole 1,300 x 9 m deep at 20º Single Corrosion Protection Pressure grouted through casing

SLIDE 12

12 ISM Toronto, 2007

GEWI-Pile pier foundations for Elevated Buildings, Dew Line, 1990 #14 Grade 413MPa Bar Working load 165kN Test load in tension 330kN GEWI-Pile for vertical piers Borehole 127mm Embedment length in rock 4 - 10m Cement Fondue grout

Easy transport of materials & equipment

SLIDE 13

13 ISM Toronto, 2007

GEWI-Piles Applications – logistic advantages, continued.. 2) Low headroom

– Seismic Upgrading of existing Schools (Britannia School in Vancouver, 1993) – Underpinning for additons (Tiptop Tailors Building, Toronto, 2003)

SLIDE 14

14 ISM Toronto, 2007

Seismic Upgrade of Britannia School in Vancouver, 1993

57Ø DYWIDAG GEWI-piles with Double Corrosion Protection (DCP) in aggressive soils. Pre-production Compression and Tension cyclic testing

SLIDE 15

15 ISM Toronto, 2007

Seismic Upgrade of Britannia School in Vancouver, 1993

SLIDE 16

16 ISM Toronto, 2007

Seismic Upgrade of Britannia School in Vancouver, 1993

SLIDE 17

17 ISM Toronto, 2007

Seismic Upgrade of Britannia School in Vancouver, 1993 Tested GEWI-Piles ready to receive reinforcing steel and concrete

SLIDE 18

18 ISM Toronto, 2007

Seismic Upgrade of Britannia School in Vancouver, 1993 Inclined Compression load testing of production GEWI-Piles

SLIDE 19

19 ISM Toronto, 2007

Underpinning of Tiptop Tailors Building, Toronto, 2003

SLIDE 20

20 ISM Toronto, 2007

Drilling of GEWI-Piles at Tiptop Tailors Building, Toronto, 2003

SLIDE 21

21 ISM Toronto, 2007

Installation of GEWI-Pile at Tiptop Tailors Building, Toronto, 2003

SLIDE 22

22 ISM Toronto, 2007

Testing of GEWI-Pile at Tiptop Tailors Building, Toronto, 2003

SLIDE 23

23 ISM Toronto, 2007

GEWI-Piles Applications – logistic advantages, continued.. 3) Tight and congested work areas

– Irving Tissue Plant, Toronto, 2003

– University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

SLIDE 24

24 ISM Toronto, 2007

GEWI-Pile Foundation for Irving Tissue Plant, Toronto, 2003

SLIDE 25

25 ISM Toronto, 2007

GEWI-Pile Foundation for Irving Tissue Plant, Toronto, 2003

SLIDE 26

26 ISM Toronto, 2007

University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

GEWI-Pile (2 x 63mm DCP), Compression tested to 325 Tons

SLIDE 27

27 ISM Toronto, 2007

University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

SLIDE 28

28 ISM Toronto, 2007

University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

SLIDE 29

29 ISM Toronto, 2007

University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

SLIDE 30

30 ISM Toronto, 2007

University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

SLIDE 31

31 ISM Toronto, 2007

University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

SLIDE 32

32 ISM Toronto, 2007

University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

SLIDE 33

33 ISM Toronto, 2007

GEWI-Piles Applications – logistic advantages, continued

4) Piles in difficult soil conditions:

Big Qualicum Bridge, BC, 1996
Vancouver International Airport, BC, 1994 - 2006

SLIDE 34

34 ISM Toronto, 2007

Big Qualicum Bridge, Vancouver Island, BC, 1996 57Ø DYWIDAG GEWI-piles with Double Corrosion Protection (DCP) in aggressive soils. Length 13.0m

SLIDE 35

35 ISM Toronto, 2007

Big Qualicum Bridge, Vancouver Island, BC, 1996 Sand, silts, gravel mixture with cobbles & boulders Pw = 1,200 KN Tested to 2,200 KN 57Ø DYWIDAG DCP bar 230Ø x 13 m in compression

SLIDE 36

36 ISM Toronto, 2007

Big Qualicum Bridge, Vancouver Island, BC, 1996

Soil profile on each side of Arch

SLIDE 37

37 ISM Toronto, 2007

Big Qualicum Bridge, Vancouver Island, BC, 1996

Pre-production load test of 57Ø GEWI-Piles in compression Theoretical ultimate capacity of 57Ø Threadbar 1780 kN Failure occurred in compression, above ground, at 2200 kN

SLIDE 38

38 ISM Toronto, 2007

Big Qualicum Bridge, Vancouver Island, BC, 1996

11.0
9.0
7.0
5.0
3.0
1.0 0

500 1000 1500 2000 2500

Applied Load in Compression (kN) Depth (m)

800 kN 1600 kN 2200 kN

SLIDE 39

39 ISM Toronto, 2007

Vancouver International Airport

Compression Testing of Post Compression Testing of Post-

grouted GEWI

grouted GEWI-

Piles using adjacent piles

Piles using adjacent piles as reaction. as reaction.

SLIDE 40

40 ISM Toronto, 2007

Vancouver International Airport

SLIDE 41

41 ISM Toronto, 2007

Summary

30 years of proven performance.
Bar size: 50Ø -> 75Ø, yeild load: 1,000kN -> 3,000kN
GEWI-Piles (Micropiles) provide cost-effective solution under

difficult logistical conditions.

Multiple bars & steel pipe combination provide high capacity

micropiles (up to 500 tons).

High-pressure postgrouting increases soil/grout bond by up to 3

times versus gravity grouting.

Double corrosion protection provides a reliable corrosion

protection for GEWI-piles to assure long service life.

SLIDE 42

42 ISM Toronto, 2007

30 Years of GEWI-Pile Applications in Canada

International Society of Micropiles Toronto, Sept 26 - 30, 2007

Prepared by

Joe Li and Gary Kast

GEWI-Piles - Presentation

Introduction

Calgary, 1974

Definition

A GEWI-Pile (Threadbar Micropile) is a small diameter, usually less than 300 mm, bored and grouted friction pile with centrically located threadbar(s) as the load carrying element, acting in tension and/or compression.

GEWI-Pile System

protection for compression pile.

GEWI-Piles in tension.

capacity.

(only a fraction of overall installation cost)

GEWI-Pile Grouting Techniques

Type A: Gravity fill techniques. Type B: Pressure grouting through casing. Type C: Type A + High-pressure Postgrouting.

GEWI-Pile Applications – logistic advantages 1) Difficult access to sites 2) Low headroom 3) Tight and congested work areas 4) Difficult soil conditions Solving logistic problems such as:

GEWI-Pile Applications – logistic advantages, continued.. 1) Access to sites

– Along steep slopes (Rogers pass, BC, 1985) – Foundation in remote sites (Dew Lines, 1990)

CP Rail Viaduct at Roger’s Pass, BC – 1985

CP Rail Viaduct at Roger’s Pass, BC – 1985

Original Design 900ø steel pipe-piles 12 m deep, vertical Note the embankment required to support the temporary access road for heavy piling equipment

CP Rail Viaduct at Roger’s Pass, BC – 1985 Alternative Design (As-built) DYWIDAG GEWI-Piles

57ø gr. 517MPa tested to 1,020kN 140ø borehole 1,300 x 9 m deep at 20º Single Corrosion Protection Pressure grouted through casing

GEWI-Pile pier foundations for Elevated Buildings, Dew Line, 1990 #14 Grade 413MPa Bar Working load 165kN Test load in tension 330kN GEWI-Pile for vertical piers Borehole 127mm Embedment length in rock 4 - 10m Cement Fondue grout

Easy transport of materials & equipment

GEWI-Piles Applications – logistic advantages, continued.. 2) Low headroom

– Seismic Upgrading of existing Schools (Britannia School in Vancouver, 1993) – Underpinning for additons (Tiptop Tailors Building, Toronto, 2003)

Seismic Upgrade of Britannia School in Vancouver, 1993

57Ø DYWIDAG GEWI-piles with Double Corrosion Protection (DCP) in aggressive soils. Pre-production Compression and Tension cyclic testing

Seismic Upgrade of Britannia School in Vancouver, 1993

Seismic Upgrade of Britannia School in Vancouver, 1993

Seismic Upgrade of Britannia School in Vancouver, 1993 Tested GEWI-Piles ready to receive reinforcing steel and concrete

Seismic Upgrade of Britannia School in Vancouver, 1993 Inclined Compression load testing of production GEWI-Piles

Underpinning of Tiptop Tailors Building, Toronto, 2003

Drilling of GEWI-Piles at Tiptop Tailors Building, Toronto, 2003

Installation of GEWI-Pile at Tiptop Tailors Building, Toronto, 2003

Testing of GEWI-Pile at Tiptop Tailors Building, Toronto, 2003

GEWI-Piles Applications – logistic advantages, continued.. 3) Tight and congested work areas

– Irving Tissue Plant, Toronto, 2003

– University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

GEWI-Pile Foundation for Irving Tissue Plant, Toronto, 2003

GEWI-Pile Foundation for Irving Tissue Plant, Toronto, 2003

University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

GEWI-Pile (2 x 63mm DCP), Compression tested to 325 Tons

University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

University of Toronto CBTC, 2006

GEWI-Piles Applications – logistic advantages, continued

4) Piles in difficult soil conditions:

Big Qualicum Bridge, Vancouver Island, BC, 1996 57Ø DYWIDAG GEWI-piles with Double Corrosion Protection (DCP) in aggressive soils. Length 13.0m

Big Qualicum Bridge, Vancouver Island, BC, 1996 Sand, silts, gravel mixture with cobbles & boulders Pw = 1,200 KN Tested to 2,200 KN 57Ø DYWIDAG DCP bar 230Ø x 13 m in compression

Big Qualicum Bridge, Vancouver Island, BC, 1996

Soil profile on each side of Arch

Big Qualicum Bridge, Vancouver Island, BC, 1996

Pre-production load test of 57Ø GEWI-Piles in compression Theoretical ultimate capacity of 57Ø Threadbar 1780 kN Failure occurred in compression, above ground, at 2200 kN

Big Qualicum Bridge, Vancouver Island, BC, 1996

500 1000 1500 2000 2500

Applied Load in Compression (kN) Depth (m)

Vancouver International Airport

Compression Testing of Post Compression Testing of Post-

grouted GEWI-

Piles using adjacent piles as reaction. as reaction.

Vancouver International Airport

Summary

difficult logistical conditions.

micropiles (up to 500 tons).

times versus gravity grouting.

protection for GEWI-piles to assure long service life.

Thank-you!