2018-03-12 Motion PSY 525.001 Vision Science 2018 Spring Rick - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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2018-03-12 Motion PSY 525.001 Vision Science 2018 Spring Rick - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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2018-03-12 Motion PSY 525.001 Vision Science 2018 Spring Rick Gilmore 2018-03-12 09:17:46 1 / 50 Today's topics 2 / 50 Today's topics Motion 2 / 50 Image motion Detecting/computing motion Sources and types of motion 3 / 50

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2018-03-12 Motion

PSY 525.001 • Vision Science • 2018 Spring

Rick Gilmore 2018-03-12 09:17:46

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Today's topics

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Today's topics

Motion

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Image motion Detecting/computing motion Sources and types of motion

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Motion detection

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Motion -> Change in Luminance/Time Speed = Distance/Time Speed =

d2 − d1 t2 − t1 5 / 50

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http://www.georgemather.com/Model.html

Speed/direction are slopes in space-time (Adelson & Bergen, 1985)

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Detection thresholds lie within a range

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By Copied from the very nice animation at Image:Phi_Phenomenon.gif, but with the watermark with the image author's name removed in accordance with [1] - English Wikipedia The original file was upload by English-Wiki user Cromis, CC BY-SA 3.0, Link

Apparent motion

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Phi Phenomenon

(phi) motion (Wertheimer, 1912)

ϕ

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Animation basics: The optical illusion of motion - TED-Ed

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Optical Illusion: The Wagon Wheel Effect (Aliasing)

Wagon wheel illusion illustrates correspondence problem in apparent motion

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Amazing Animated Optical Illusions!

Motion from static samples smeared in space

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How to make Animated Illusion

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Blooms: Strobe-Animated Sculptures

"Strobe" enabled animation

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By The original uploader was Rokers at English Wikipedia - Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons., CC BY-SA 3.0, Link

Aperture problem

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http://fourier.eng.hmc.edu/e180/lectures/motion/node11.html 17 / 50

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ambiguous and unambiguous plaid motion stimuli - Psychophysi…

https://rmartins.net/demos/ambiguous-and-unambiguous-plaid-motion- stimuli-psychophysics-toolbox

Plaid motion illustrates motion integration/segregation

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Detecting/computing motion

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Palmer 1990, Fig 10.1.1

Motion as a trajectory in space-time

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(Werner) Reichardt detector

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http://www.georgemather.com/Model.html

Motion Energy Filters (Adelson & Bergen, 1985)

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Sources & Types of Motion

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Source: Object vs. Self Direction, speed, type

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Shape from motion only

2D form from motion

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A ipbook visit from SLIMEY the Worm

Flipbooks

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Structure from Motion Demo

Structure from motion

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Kinetic Depth Effect Demo

Perceived motion can induce 3D perception via kinetic depth eect

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Archival Gibson - 1958 - Motion parallax and perceived depth

Motion parallax species relative depth

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Task 1: Example of 100% Radial Optic Flow (no random dots) wit…

Optic ow species observer motion

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http://viperlib.york.ac.uk/categories/104-optic-flow/contributions/1596- pureflow-2002?from_preview=true 31 / 50

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How the brain processes 3D motion

Binocular motion signals and 3D perception

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Motion Integration Illusion

Motion integration

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Second-order motion perception

Second-order (changes in contrast, texture, etc.) but not overall luminance

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Relative contrast matters

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Context eects Anstis, 2015

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Grouping eects Anstis, 2015

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Grouping eects Anstis, 2015

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Top 5 Illusions of the 2016 | Best Illusion of the Year Contest

Motion detection, integration

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Moving Illusions

Anomalous motion illusions

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http://viperlib.york.ac.uk/categories/91-eye-movements/contributions/2060- breathing-windows?from_preview=true 41 / 50

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PsychoPy, http://www.psychopy.org/ Matlab Psychophysics Toolbox, http://psychtoolbox.org/

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Break

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Johansson, G. (1973). Visual perception of biological motion and a model for its analysis. Perception & Psychophysics, 14(2), 201–211. Springer-Verlag. Retrieved December 20, 2017, from https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/BF03212378 44 / 50

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Johansson: Motion Perception part 1

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Johansson: Motion Perception part 2

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Newsome, W. T., & Paré, E. B. (1988). A selective impairment of motion perception following lesions of the middle temporal visual area (MT). The Journal of Neuroscience, 8(6), 2201–2211. Retrieved March 30, 2015, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3385495 47 / 50

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Slides created via the R package xaringan. Rendered HTML and supporting files are pushed to GitHub where GitHub's 'pages' feature is used to host and serve the course website. 50 / 50