2. Computers with everything 2. Computers with everything History - PDF document

29/11/2007 Angkor Angkor Wat Wat temple, temple, Cambodia Cambodia 2. Computers with everything 2. Computers with everything History History • How far? • How far? – Mobile signal Mobile signal – – – Internet caf Internet café é 29/11/2007 29/11/2007 CL1 2007/08 CL1 2007/08 1 1 29/11/2007 29/11/2007 CL1 2007/08 CL1 2007/08 2 2 Colossus, Bletchley Park, ca. Colossus, Bletchley Park, ca. Brief History of the Computer Brief History of the Computer 1940 1940 • 1940s • 1940s First real computers First real computers • Bletchley Park • Bletchley Park ‘ ‘Colossus Colossus’ ’, 1943 ( , 1943 (Cf Cf: : “ “Enigma Enigma” ”) ) • Manchester • Manchester ‘ ‘baby baby’ ’ 1948 1948 • Hand • Hand- -built built • Military use (decoding German Enigma • Military use (decoding German Enigma codes), research codes), research 29/11/2007 29/11/2007 CL1 2007/08 CL1 2007/08 3 3 29/11/2007 29/11/2007 CL1 2007/08 CL1 2007/08 4 4 Colossus rebuild project, 1996 Colossus rebuild project, 1996 Punched paper tape and punched cards 29/11/2007 29/11/2007 CL1 2007/08 CL1 2007/08 5 5 29/11/2007 29/11/2007 CL1 2007/08 CL1 2007/08 6 6 1

29/11/2007 Manchester MU- Manchester MU -1, 1949 1, 1949 1960s 1960s • Age of the Mainframes • Age of the Mainframes – Physically huge central corporate machines – Physically huge central corporate machines st was LEO – – 1 1 st was LEO – – Joe Lyons tea houses Joe Lyons tea houses • ( • (D)ARPANet D)ARPANet – Defense Defense Advance Research Projects Advance Research Projects – Association NETwork Association NETwork – Embryonic Internet Embryonic Internet – • Business and Scientific use • Business and Scientific use 29/11/2007 29/11/2007 CL1 2007/08 CL1 2007/08 7 7 29/11/2007 29/11/2007 CL1 2007/08 CL1 2007/08 8 8 Manchester MU- -5, 1974 5, 1974 Data Input, 1974 Manchester MU Data Input, 1974 29/11/2007 29/11/2007 CL1 2007/08 CL1 2007/08 9 9 29/11/2007 29/11/2007 CL1 2007/08 CL1 2007/08 10 10 1970s and beyond Simultaneous advances 1970s and beyond Simultaneous advances • 1970s • 1970s First minicomputers, decentralisation Sphere of influence Sphere of influence First minicomputers, decentralisation User interface User interface st email • • 1971 • • • Military • Front panel switches 1971 Ray Tomlinson of BBN sends 1 st Ray Tomlinson of BBN sends 1 email Military Front panel switches • • Punched tape or cards Punched tape or cards • 1981 • • Scientific, Academic • 1981 IBM PC (256K Kb), 4 MHz, no hard disk b), 4 MHz, no hard disk Scientific, Academic IBM PC (256 • • Teletype (roll paper) Teletype (roll paper) • 1984 • Corporate business • • 1984 Apple Mac (mouse, windows, menus) Apple Mac (mouse, windows, menus) Corporate business • • VDU (TV- -like display) like display) VDU (TV • 1990s • • • General office 1990s WWW; Take- WWW; Take -off of Internet off of Internet General office • • Windows, Mice, Menus Windows, Mice, Menus • 2000+ • Home • • 2000+ Wireless computing, GRID Wireless computing, GRID Home • • Natural language Natural language • All times: • • Pervasive • All times: Rapid exponential increase in speed Rapid exponential increase in speed Pervasive • • Voice, eye, gesture Voice, eye, gesture and capacity (Moore’ ’s Law) plus decrease in cost s Law) plus decrease in cost and capacity (Moore • • Intelligent agents Intelligent agents 29/11/2007 29/11/2007 CL1 2007/08 CL1 2007/08 11 11 29/11/2007 29/11/2007 CL1 2007/08 CL1 2007/08 12 12 2

29/11/2007 (IBM clip) (IBM clip) Trends Trends See next lecture See next lecture 29/11/2007 29/11/2007 CL1 2007/08 CL1 2007/08 13 13 29/11/2007 29/11/2007 CL1 2007/08 CL1 2007/08 14 14 3