10/11/2011 Tim D. Davis, Borlaug Institute of International - - PDF document

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Tim D. Davis, Borlaug Institute of International Agriculture & Department of Horticultural Agriculture & Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, USA Purwiyatno Hariyadi, SEAFAST Center, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia

To gain a better understanding of Indonesia from a horticultural perspective, review some ongoing p p , g g horticultural projects, and evaluate the potential for doing collaborative horticultural research and education with Indonesian institutions

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Borlaug Institute for International Agriculture has a

g g long history of working in Indonesia (generally non‐ horticultural projects)

Borlaug Institute of International Agriculture provided

funding for an initial trip to explore potential for horticultural/plant science/food science collaboration /p /

This led to the development and funding of a large

USAID joint project on tropical plants

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Indonesia 190 million hectares or 1 9 Indonesia, 190 million hectares or 1.9

million square km, population 240‐245 million

Texas, 69.5 million hectares or 695,000

square km, population 25 million

Hot, humid tropical climate with abundant rainfall

(e.g. city of Bogor annual precipitation is about 150 ( g y g p p 5 inches)

November/June, wet season Elevation largely determines exact climate Rich in plant biodiversity Many indigenous plant species that have potential as

y g p p p horticultural crops but are vastly under‐studied and under‐utilized.

Alternatives to rice are needed

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Collaborative research related to phytochemicals in

tropical fruits and vegetables p g

Biodiversity/new horticultural crops Collaborative teaching in the postharvest handling

and processing of tropical fruits and vegetables

Interest in improving Extension‐type efforts (land

grant‐type Extension is largely absent, limited relationship with industry)

Rooftop horticulture

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• Window of opportunity for enhanced

collaboration between US and Indonesian Universities

• Political climate favorable for federal

funding funding

• Horticulture is one of the priority areas

for collaboration

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Strengthen university curriculum related to tropical

plant biodiversity and utilization p y

Identify bioactive compounds in underutilized plants

that may have human health benefits

Establish university‐led outreach education programs

related to tropical plant biodiversity and utilization

Foster enterprise based upon underutilized species Texas A&M University Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) Udayana University (Denpasar, Bali) Sam Ratulangi University (Manado) Sam Ratulangi University (Manado)

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IPB, Bogor:

‐‐Phenolic Compounds of Tropical Plants Phenolic Compounds of Tropical Plants ‐‐Processing of Tropical Roots and Tubers ‐‐Evaluation of Bioactivity of Plant Compounds for Health ‐‐Natural Food Additives

UNUD, Denpasar:

‐‐Aromatic Compounds p ‐‐Preserving Biodiversity Using Local Wisdom ‐‐Tropical Plant Products: Business Model and Management ‐‐Postharvest of Tropical Plant Products

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UNSRAT, Manado

‐‐Tropical‐Based Biopesticides Tropical Based Biopesticides ‐‐Tropical Plants Conservation ‐‐Tropical Plants: Indigenous Nuts ‐‐Wallace Line Plant Geography

Evaluate Bioactive Compounds in Underutilized

Plants

Develop Good Agricultural Practices (GAP’s) for

Promising Species

Candidate Plants Chosen by 3 Indonesian Partner

Universities

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IPB, Bogor

‐‐Ginseng leaf (Panax ginseng): ingredient for speciality Ginseng leaf (Panax ginseng): ingredient for speciality menus, purported overall health benefits ‐‐Takokok/Turkey Berry (Solanum torvum): edible berries, promotes kidney health, antioxidants ‐‐Sweetbush (Sauropus androgynus): stimulates production of breast milk

UNUD, Denpasar

‐‐Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus): fragrance Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus): fragrance, cooking, spa (products of Bali) ‐‐Bamboo shoots (Gigantachloa nighociliata): food, growth hormone ‐‐Tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus): anti‐leukemia, Hodgkin’s treatment, anti‐inflammatory

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UNSRAT, Manado

‐‐Kenari nut (Canarium indicum): edible nut, snacks Kenari nut (Canarium indicum): edible nut, snacks ‐‐Goroho banana (Musa sp.): overall health properties, burn treatments, anti‐inflammatory ‐‐Karimenga plant (Acorus calamus): Manado porridge ingredient, dengue fever

Promote understanding and utilization of high‐value,

novel horticultural crops in local communities p

Facilitate distribution of propagules Develop best management practices Increase understanding of best post‐harvest practices Help entrepreneurs obtaining appropriate licensing Foster enterprise based upon underutilized Foster enterprise based upon underutilized

Indonesian plant species

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Gunung Leutik community near Bogor

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Improve utilization and quality of tropical plant products thereby fostering economic development in home industries

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Significant opportunities exist in research and

education related to the improvement, production, p , p , postharvest handling and marketing of fruits and vegetables

Political climate for collaborating with Indonesia

institutions is now quite favorable (funding is available) k d b d h

Work needs to tie to biodiversity, improving human

nutrition, and/or economic development (do not focus solely on horticulture)

Acknowledgments

Thanks to the Borlaug Institute for providing seed funding Thanks to USAID for funding the Tropical Plant Project