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A Very Brief History Lesson

M("1/&>(/.&W&Z#"&,*+67"3*.:&$"*3496&)(.&9(+>1*>&<(+7(11/&&

A truck driver who eventually built

• ne of the largest trucking

companies in America

Malcolm P. McLean

E)+$)58(F)6+%45%+%4)$)+456+ %#+;)+5+;)%%)$+G5.+

In 1956 Malcom changed the shipping world forever! Thankfully he knew better!

Port Newark, 1959 The ship carried 58 35-feet containers, along with a regular load of 15,000 tons of bulk petroleum from Newark to Houston in April 26, 1956.

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As a result of Standardization! There are over 6,000 container Vessels in service globally In 1966 Only 1% of Countries had container ports. By 1983 > 90% had Container Terminals A sweater made in China, can travel 3,000 miles by sea for ONLY pennies There are over 17 Million containers which make

• ver 200 million trips per year

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We find ourselves, once again, at the threshold of a new vision in terminal production, safety and cost savings

Pick up any Trade/Industry magazine and we see that Automation and Energy is here to stay

There have been a lot of major changes in the way we do business. Standardization will allow us to work effectively and utilize the best that technology has to offer. Since the earliest days of containerization!

Standardize Port / Terminal LNG Bunkering and Distribution Services. . .?

Market and Customer Trends

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1.! STS | Ship to Shore Cranes 2.! RTG | Rubber Tyred Gantry Crane 3.! RMG | Rail Mounted Gantry Crane 4.! Intermodal Cranes 5.! Horizontal Transport | AGVs, Trucks, Straddle Carriers 6.! Shore Power Supply (LNG Bunkering..)

1 2 3 5 4 6

Port Equipment in Container Terminals

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Annual Market Sales (in US$ mil)

Market for Port Equipment - 2018

!! Ports and terminals industry projected growth rate of 6% - till 2017 !! Total global container throughput will be 830 million TEU (Twenty-foot Equivalent Units) by 2017. Growth rate of 40% between 2011-2017. !! Conservative growth rate of 5% will double current global container volumes by 2025 !! Containerisation with strong port development in various regions. !! More Large ships ordered, 445 new ships with capactiy of 3,27million TEU !! Larger ships means more time at port - leading to more costs.

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Lets Go GREEN!

= Ecological Equipment

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• !Terminal Tractors are

the most used type of horizontal equipment found in Container Terminals worldwide

• !Terminal Tractors

represent significant part of the total fuel consumption in a port –

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consuming of fuel after yard cranes.

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Current European LNG market

> 200 > 25 < 10 None

1.500 LNG Vehicles Mainly UK, NL & Spain

Spain 306 trucks Sweden 69 trucks Netherlands 387 trucks Italy 56 trucks UK 621 trucks Turkey 2 trucks Switzerland 1 truck Belgium 33 trucks Finland 1 trucks

Source: NGVA Europe, 01.12.2014

32 Portugal 11 trucks France 10 trucks Poland 46 buses 11 trucks Russia 1 truck

18-03-07 page 33

• !

Terminal Tractor market accounted for 5900 units (2700 delivered to ports and 3200 to other facilites for warehousing and distribution

Market Potential by Product Group 2005 770 570 610 450 300 200 2630 150 150 70 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Europe North/South America North East Asia South East Asia Middle East/ India /Africa Market Potential in $US millions (2005)

Industrial, Warehousing & Distribution Ports Operations (RoRo & LoLo)

Middle East/ India /Africa 11% South East Asia 17% North East Asia 23% North/South America 21% Europe 28%

Source: OneStone Intelligence GmBH (2006) ”Container Terminal Focus 2015 Part 4A:Container Terminal Equipment – Current Equipment Market”.

Terminal Tractors: 5900 Units

Terminal Tractor Market?

18-03-07

3000 1400 600 160 140 130 470 1300 500 350 130 110 100 210

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 Kalmar Capacity Terberg Mafi MOL CVS Others Market Potential in $US millions (2005) Terminal Tractors by Supplier

Ports Operations (LoLo & RoRo) All Operations

Kalmar 51%

Capacity 24%

Terberg 10% Mafi 3% MOL 2% CVS 2% Others 8%

Terminal Tractor Market by supplier

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18-03-07 page 35

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Hybrid Diesel/ Electric& Full electric Battery Future energy Full cell- hydrogen

Under development

LNG

Under development

Diesel&

18-03-07 page 37

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Facts + Figures Effects

! High fuel consumption & costs ! High dependecy on fossil fuels that have unpredictable prices ! High cost in larger size Genset service (- USD 20k / year) ! Environmental; carbon emissions, air and noise pollution Diesel engines are the main source of RTGs Container handling increases At the same time diesel prices increased rapidly In some cases RTGs account for 50 % of a container terminals‘ diesel consumption

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