Workshop Coral Reefs, Fisheries & Food Security in Coral Reefs, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Coral Reefs, Fisheries & Food Security in Coral Reefs, Fisheries & Food Security in Timor Timor Leste Leste: Current Programs & Priorities : Current Programs & Priorities

Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries (MAF) Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries (MAF) Republica Republica Democratica Democratica de Timor de Timor Leste Leste

CTI

Workshop

Café e Floressta Agricultura Pescas Loro Matan

Biophysical Setting Biophysical Setting

• Timor

Timor-

• Leste, islands (

Leste, islands (Atauro Atauro, , Jaco Jaco), ), Oecussi Oecussi

• 706 km coastline;

706 km coastline; ‘ ‘Wallace Zone Wallace Zone’ ’

• north (

north (Tasi Tasi Fetu Fetu) vs. south coast ( ) vs. south coast (Tasi Tasi Mane) Mane)

• mountainous; 44% of land, slope> 40%

mountainous; 44% of land, slope> 40%

• narrow

narrow ‘ ‘coast coast’ ’ & continental margin & continental margin

• marine biodiversity

marine biodiversity – – large, relatively large, relatively ‘ ‘intact intact’ ’, poorly studied , poorly studied

• major migratory wildlife corridor (

major migratory wildlife corridor (Wetar Wetar Strait) Strait)

• uncontrolled deforestation; land degradation

uncontrolled deforestation; land degradation

Demographic Setting Demographic Setting

• 1,000,000 population

1,000,000 population

• widespread poverty

widespread poverty – – conflict & political instability conflict & political instability – – 1999 1999 – – 80% infrastructure destroyed; > 50% 80% infrastructure destroyed; > 50% displaced displaced

• human development

human development – – lowest in SE Asia lowest in SE Asia

• 70% < US $1 /day; > 40% < 55c /day

70% < US $1 /day; > 40% < 55c /day

• 75% in rural areas; 64% food insecure

75% in rural areas; 64% food insecure

• primary income

primary income -

• agriculture/fisheries (94%)

agriculture/fisheries (94%)

• life expectancy ~ 55.5 yrs; 45% children underweight

life expectancy ~ 55.5 yrs; 45% children underweight

• rapid growth rate ~ 3

rapid growth rate ~ 3-

• 4%; > 50%

4%; > 50% pop pop’ ’n n < 15yo < 15yo

• adult literacy rate

adult literacy rate -

• ~ 50.1%

~ 50.1%

Socio Socio-

• cultural

cultural, Economic Setting

, Economic Setting

• traditional use, customary harvests & laws

traditional use, customary harvests & laws

• poorly defined coastal & marine tenure

poorly defined coastal & marine tenure

• limited coastal

limited coastal-

• marine

marine ‘ ‘industries industries’ ’

• fisheries

fisheries – – under developed: under developed: – – artisanal artisanal fisheries (esp. north coast) fisheries (esp. north coast) – – commercial fisheries commercial fisheries – – 900 T/yr 900 T/yr (868 T exported) (868 T exported)

• limited aquaculture

limited aquaculture

• limited coastal tourism (& infrastructure):

limited coastal tourism (& infrastructure): – – Dili Dili-

• based (90%)

based (90%) – – diving diving-

• related (2 dive operators)

related (2 dive operators)

Current Status Current Status

• coastal

coastal-

• marine ecosystems

marine ecosystems – – generally intact generally intact

• limited dynamite fishing; some coral bleaching

limited dynamite fishing; some coral bleaching

• fish stocks

fish stocks ‘ ‘believed believed’ ’ to be healthy (NDFA 2005) to be healthy (NDFA 2005) – – but limited assessments but limited assessments

• lack of baseline information

lack of baseline information – – marine habitats, marine habitats, wildlife, fisheries, key species wildlife, fisheries, key species

• mangrove cover

mangrove cover – – 9000ha (1940) 9000ha (1940) – – 3035ha 3035ha (2000) (FAO 2003) (2000) (FAO 2003)

• deforestation (forests, woodlands)

deforestation (forests, woodlands) ~ 19 ~ 19-

• 31% decline (1989

31% decline (1989-

• 99)

99)

• erosion rates

erosion rates -

• modern ~ X53 natural (

modern ~ X53 natural (Laclo Laclo); ); delta increase X20 in last 100 yrs ( delta increase X20 in last 100 yrs (Caraulun Caraulun) )

• increasing pressure on coastal

increasing pressure on coastal-

• marine resources

marine resources (fuel, timber, food) (fuel, timber, food)

• CURRENT PROJECT/S:

CURRENT PROJECT/S:

• NT

NT -

• Broad

Broad-

• scale, Mapping of TL Inshore Coastal

scale, Mapping of TL Inshore Coastal-

• Marine Habitats

Marine Habitats

• Participants

Participants -

• MAF

MAF-

• ALGIS, CDU

ALGIS, CDU-

• NT Govt

NT Govt

• Progress

Progress -

• field surveys & ground

field surveys & ground-

• truthing

truthing completed (~ 700 marine & 1000 coastal points completed (~ 700 marine & 1000 coastal points surveyed); training surveyed); training

• CTI PRIORITIES:

CTI PRIORITIES:

• Priority Seascape

Priority Seascape -

• Sawu

Sawu Sea Sea – – Wetar Wetar Strait Strait -

• Rapid Biodiversity Assessment

Rapid Biodiversity Assessment

• Finer

Finer-

• scale, inshore habitat mapping (north

scale, inshore habitat mapping (north coast) coast)

• Deeper

Deeper-

• water ecosystems

water ecosystems – – habitats, habitats,

• ceanography,
• ceanography, trophic

trophic studies studies

CTI Goal # 1 CTI Goal # 1 -

• Priority Seascapes

Priority Seascapes

Coastal Coastal-

• Marine Habitat Mapping

Marine Habitat Mapping

Coastal Coastal-

• Marine Training

Marine Training

• field mapping

field mapping – – GPS, GPS, u/w u/w videos, cameras videos, cameras

• ‘

‘Reef Check Reef Check’ ’ monitoring monitoring – – international international training program (12 TL participants) training program (12 TL participants) – – www.ReefCheck.org www.ReefCheck.org

• bi

bi-

• lingual (Indonesian, English)

lingual (Indonesian, English)

• marine taxonomy (Darwin

marine taxonomy (Darwin-

• based)

based)

• aerial wildlife surveys, wildlife ID

aerial wildlife surveys, wildlife ID

• long

long-

• term, technical support

term, technical support

CTI Goal # 2 EBM Fisheries Management CTI Goal # 2 EBM Fisheries Management

• CURRENT PROJECTS:

CURRENT PROJECTS:

• AusAID

AusAID, ADB, FAO, World Bank , ADB, FAO, World Bank

• NT

NT -

• Fisheries Development in the Com

Fisheries Development in the Com-

• Tutuala

Tutuala-

• Jaco

Jaco Region Region

• Participants

Participants – – MAF, NT Govt MAF, NT Govt

• Approach

Approach – – fisheries surveys, market interviews fisheries surveys, market interviews

• CTI PRIORITIES:

CTI PRIORITIES:

• Community

Community-

• based, fisheries development (stock

based, fisheries development (stock assessments, regulations, enforcement & assessments, regulations, enforcement & compliance); IUU fishing compliance); IUU fishing

• Fisheries infrastructure

Fisheries infrastructure – – vessels, storage, vessels, storage, cooling facilities cooling facilities

• Training in fish handling & marketing

Training in fish handling & marketing – – improve improve capacity for capacity for artisanal artisanal fishing fishing

• Promote women in fisheries (

Promote women in fisheries (eg

• eg. Australia)

. Australia)

• ID community

ID community-

• based recreational fishing tourism

based recreational fishing tourism ( (eg

• eg. sailfish, tuna & reef fish

. sailfish, tuna & reef fish

CTI Goal # 2 Ecosystem CTI Goal # 2 Ecosystem-

• Based Tourism

Based Tourism Management Management

• CURRENT PROJECTS:

CURRENT PROJECTS:

• NT

NT -

• Coastal

Coastal-

• marine Ecotourism Opportunities &

marine Ecotourism Opportunities & Issues in TL Issues in TL

• Participants

Participants – – MAF MAF-

• Tourism, NT Govt, ANU

Tourism, NT Govt, ANU

• Approach

Approach -

• natural

natural-

• cultural resource inventory &

cultural resource inventory & heritage assessment heritage assessment – – surveys, mapping surveys, mapping

• CTI PRIORITIES:

CTI PRIORITIES:

• Community

Community-

• based ecotourism

based ecotourism – – infrastructure infrastructure ( (‘ ‘eco eco-

• villages

villages’ ’); certification; business ); certification; business development development

• Marine ecotourism (coral reef, marine wildlife)

Marine ecotourism (coral reef, marine wildlife) – – training, certification; guidelines, business training, certification; guidelines, business development development

• Cultural tourism

Cultural tourism -

• training, heritage protection,

training, heritage protection, stabilisation projects, regional officers, education stabilisation projects, regional officers, education

CTI Goal # 3 Establish Network of CTI Goal # 3 Establish Network of MPAs MPAs

• CURRENT PROJECTS:

CURRENT PROJECTS:

• NT

NT -

• Nino

Nino Konis Konis Santana Marine Park; Santana Marine Park; identification of identification of MPAs MPAs

• Participants

Participants – – MAF MAF-

• Tourism, NT Govt, ANU

Tourism, NT Govt, ANU

• Approach: detailed habitat mapping & surveys

Approach: detailed habitat mapping & surveys (coral, fish, seagrasses, turtles, wildlife); (coral, fish, seagrasses, turtles, wildlife); analytical tools ( analytical tools (MarXan MarXan & & MarZone MarZone) )

• CTI PRIORITIES:

CTI PRIORITIES:

• Management of Nino

Management of Nino Konis Konis Santana Marine Santana Marine Park Park

• TL Marine Protected Areas Strategy

TL Marine Protected Areas Strategy

• ‘

‘Connectivity Connectivity’ ’ studies (corals, fish, wildlife) studies (corals, fish, wildlife)

• Crocodile management (

Crocodile management (ie

• ie. NT)

. NT)

CTI Goal # 4 CTI Goal # 4 – – Climate Change Climate Change

• CURRENT PROJECTS:

CURRENT PROJECTS:

• National Adaptation

National Adaptation Programme Programme of Action to

• f Action to

Climate Change (NAPA) for Timor Climate Change (NAPA) for Timor-

• Leste

Leste (UNDP (UNDP-

• GEF), Initial National Communication (UNEP)

GEF), Initial National Communication (UNEP)

• NT

NT -

• River

River Catchment Catchment & Marine Productivity & Marine Productivity -

• Caraulun

Caraulun Catchment Catchment to South Coast to South Coast

• Goals

Goals – – present & future land present & future land-

• use practices on

use practices on estuaries & coastal productivity & estuaries & coastal productivity & riverine riverine input; input; ID management options to minimize degradation ID management options to minimize degradation

• f catchments & coastal systems
• f catchments & coastal systems
• Participants

Participants – – MAF, CDU, AIMS, ANU MAF, CDU, AIMS, ANU

• CTI PRIORITIES:

CTI PRIORITIES:

• Coastal vulnerability assessment

Coastal vulnerability assessment

• Forests coastal ecosystems & biodiversity

Forests coastal ecosystems & biodiversity

• Food security & agriculture

Food security & agriculture

• Water availability, quality & accessibility

Water availability, quality & accessibility

• CURRENT PROJECTS:

CURRENT PROJECTS:

• NT

NT -

• Potential Marine

Potential Marine Megafauna Megafauna Ecotourism in TL Ecotourism in TL

• Participants

Participants – – MAF, NT Govt, AIMS MAF, NT Govt, AIMS

• Methods: monthly aerial surveys; market

Methods: monthly aerial surveys; market interviews, shell/turtle egg measurements; field interviews, shell/turtle egg measurements; field ground ground-

• truthing

truthing (turtles); training (aerial surveys) (turtles); training (aerial surveys)

• CTI PRIORITIES:

CTI PRIORITIES:

• Community

Community-

• based tourism development:

based tourism development:

– – Whales, Whale Sharks Whales, Whale Sharks – – dolphins, turtles dolphins, turtles

• Training, business development,

Training, business development, guidelines, certification guidelines, certification

• Hatcheries (turtles)

Hatcheries (turtles)

• Marine wildlife monitoring

Marine wildlife monitoring

CTI Goal # 5 Marine Threatened Species CTI Goal # 5 Marine Threatened Species

Marine Marine megafauna megafauna aerial survey aerial survey

At 1000 feet

LEGEND Blue circles - 1 – 30 individuals Red flags - 30 – 200 individuals

At 500 feet

Marine turtle aerial survey Marine turtle aerial survey

Lessons Learnt Lessons Learnt

• Long

Long-

• term, commitment & technical support

term, commitment & technical support

• Regular contact,

Regular contact, ‘ ‘person person-

• to

to-

• person

person’ ’

• Use local resources, build community support

Use local resources, build community support

• Training more important than the product

Training more important than the product

• Regional partnerships work

Regional partnerships work

• Bilateral

Bilateral ‘ ‘government government-

• government

government’ ’ agency cooperation agency cooperation – – share share issues/objectives issues/objectives

• Collaboration essential

Collaboration essential – – government, universities, local government, universities, local communities communities

Obrigado Obrigado

Café e Floressta Agricultura Pescas Loro Matan