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Words of a feather flock together John Goldsmith (Linguistics and - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Words of a feather flock together John Goldsmith (Linguistics and Computer Science) Work done with: Jackson Lee (Linguistics) Simon Jacobs (RCC) Stephen Fitz (Computer Science) Looking at texts: documents Texts contain a great deal of

  1. Words of a feather flock together John Goldsmith (Linguistics and Computer Science) Work done with: Jackson Lee (Linguistics) Simon Jacobs (RCC) Stephen Fitz (Computer Science)

  2. Looking at texts: documents ● Texts contain a great deal of structure . ● That structure can be divided into: – Structure of the content; – Structure of the language. ● Look at a series of books in French: what they share in common is the structure of French . ● Look at a series of translations of Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone: what they share in common is the structure of the content.

  3. We care about the structure of the language (today) ● Structure of a language includes a lexicon: the words of the language. ● The order in which words appear is largely determined by the syntax of the language.

  4. Word categories ● Noun ● Verb ● Participle ● Article ● Pronoun ● Preposition ● Adverb ● Conjunction

  6. undue

  7. undue mental

  8. undue valid mental

  9. undue valid mental prison

  10. undue valid mental prison equitable

  12. silly

  13. silly bagel

  14. silly bagel eggs

  15. silly bagel Mary eggs

  16. silly bagel Mary eggs crazy

  17. silly bagel Mary eggs crazy scarf

  18. silly bagel Mary eggs crazy scarf slide-rule

  19. silly bagel Mary eggs crazy scarf Hyde Park slide-rule

  20. silly bagel Mary eggs crazy scarf Hyde Park bookcases slide-rule

  21. silly bagel Mary eggs crazy scarf Hyde Park bookcases slide-rule cool

  22. silly bagel Mary eggs crazy scarf Hyde Park bookcases slide-rule cool stomach

  23. silly bagel Mary eggs crazy scarf Hyde Park bookcases slide-rule cool stomach M

  24. silly bagel Mary eggs crazy scarf Hyde Park bookcases slide-rule cool stomach M Barack

  25. silly bagel Mary eggs crazy scarf Hyde Park bookcases slide-rule cool stomach M Barack cables

  27. Rheummate-ly

  28. jump Rheummate-ly

  29. jump Rheummate-ly sneakers

  30. jump Rheummate-ly Mitt sneakers Romney

  31. jump Rheummate-ly Mitt sneakers Romney Kenwood

  32. jump Rheummate-ly Mitt sneakers Romney Kenwood Igbo

  33. jump Rheummate-ly Mitt sneakers Romney Kenwood Igbo Soap

  34. jump Rheummate-ly Mitt sneakers Romney Kenwood Igbo Soap differentiate

  35. jump Rheummate-ly Mitt sneakers Romney Kenwood Igbo Soap pogosticks differentiate

  36. jump Rheummate-ly Mitt sneakers Romney Kenwood Igbo Soap pogosticks differentiate GoogleMine

  37. jump Rheummate-ly Mitt sneakers Romney Kenwood Igbo Soap pogosticks differentiate GoogleMine Rheummate-ly

  38. jump Rheummate-ly Mitt sneakers Romney Kenwood Igbo Soap pogosticks differentiate GoogleMine Rheummate-ly crowd-licking

  39. jump Rheummate-ly Mitt sneakers Romney Kenwood Igbo Soap pogosticks differentiate GoogleMine Rheummate-ly taxi business crowd-licking

  40. jump Rheummate-ly Mitt sneakers Romney Kenwood Igbo Soap pogosticks differentiate GoogleMine Rheummate-ly taxi business crowd-licking thinkify

  41. Empirically, not so obvious: 'the' versus 'a'

  42. the a Left Right Left Right of 9629 same 601 of 1467 few 344 in 5567 f rst 547 in 1321 little 292 to 3433 other 388 as 914 man 253 on 2315 most 380 with 879 new 248 and 2143 United 367 is 872 good 221 for 1766 world 338 was 783 small 161 at 1511 *j 264 for 740 great 153 with 1481 time 243 to 655 very 138 that 1392 two 232 and 615 long 135 from 1352 new 231 on 476 number 117 by 1315 way 226 by 413 large 110 is 793 only 207 be 318 year 99 as 698 end 204 at 256 single 99 into 673 last 202 have 256 moment 86 was 531 next 185 had 246 lot 86 : 466 state 182 like 242 more 84 all 424 whole 178 from 229 time 79 In 412 old 171 such 222 matter 79

  43. feminine masculine singular nouns singular nouns xiisiecle cities simple past verbs infinitives years prenominal plural modifiers nouns French English 33

  44. Dynamic view: English color codes Verbs: ‘bare’ verb ( jump ) red Verbs: past tense( jumped, bought ) blue Verbs: auxiliary ( should, can ) green Prepositions ( from, to, up, down aqua Adjectives purple Cities gray Nouns pink 35

  45. Dynamic view: French color codes Infinitives red Prepositions light blue Past participles blue Adjectives purple Cities gray Masculine nouns pink Feminine nouns light green Inflected verbs light gray 36

  46. Finding regular and irregular past tense forms

  47. founded formed discovered named established assumed carried considered initiated called influenced placed caused joined created adopted achieved supported forced brought provided ordered played 37

  48. 38

  49. 39

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