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When can we enhance a triangulated category? Fernando Muro - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

When can we enhance a triangulated category? Fernando Muro Universitat de Barcelona Dept. lgebra i Geometria Conference on Homology and Homotopy Bonn, March 2008 On the occasion of the retirement of Hans-Joachim Baues Fernando Muro When


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When can we enhance a triangulated category?

Fernando Muro

Universitat de Barcelona

  • Dept. Àlgebra i Geometria

Conference on Homology and Homotopy

Bonn, March 2008 On the occasion of the retirement of Hans-Joachim Baues

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 2

Outline

When can we enhance a triangulated category T ? When is T algebraic?

◮ Over a field k. ◮ Over an arbitrary commutative ring k.

When is T topological?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 3

Outline

When can we enhance a triangulated category T ? When is T algebraic?

◮ Over a field k. ◮ Over an arbitrary commutative ring k.

When is T topological?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 4

Outline

When can we enhance a triangulated category T ? When is T algebraic?

◮ Over a field k. ◮ Over an arbitrary commutative ring k.

When is T topological?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 5

Outline

When can we enhance a triangulated category T ? When is T algebraic?

◮ Over a field k. ◮ Over an arbitrary commutative ring k.

When is T topological?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 6

Outline

When can we enhance a triangulated category T ? When is T algebraic?

◮ Over a field k. ◮ Over an arbitrary commutative ring k.

When is T topological?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 7

Algebraic triangulated categories

Definition (Keller’06)

A triangulated category T is algebraic if T ≃ E is equivalent to the stable category E of a Frobenius exact category E.

Theorem (Keller’94)

If T is compactly generated then T is algebraic ⇔ T = H0(A) for a pretriangulated A∞-category A.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 8

Algebraic triangulated categories

Definition (Keller’06)

A triangulated category T is algebraic if T ≃ E is equivalent to the stable category E of a Frobenius exact category E.

Theorem (Keller’94)

If T is compactly generated then T is algebraic ⇔ T = H0(A) for a pretriangulated A∞-category A.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 9

A∞-categories

Definition

An A∞-category A consists of Objects X, Y, . . . Morphism Z-graded k-modules A(X, Y), Identity morphisms idX ∈ A(X, X)0, n-Fold composition laws, n ≥ 1, mn : A(Xn−1, Xn) ⊗ · · · ⊗ A(X0, X1) − → A(X0, Xn), deg(mn) = 2 − n.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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A∞-categories

Definition

An A∞-category A consists of Objects X, Y, . . . Morphism Z-graded k-modules A(X, Y), Identity morphisms idX ∈ A(X, X)0, n-Fold composition laws, n ≥ 1, mn : A(Xn−1, Xn) ⊗ · · · ⊗ A(X0, X1) − → A(X0, Xn), deg(mn) = 2 − n.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 11

A∞-categories

Definition

An A∞-category A consists of Objects X, Y, . . . Morphism Z-graded k-modules A(X, Y), Identity morphisms idX ∈ A(X, X)0, n-Fold composition laws, n ≥ 1, mn : A(Xn−1, Xn) ⊗ · · · ⊗ A(X0, X1) − → A(X0, Xn), deg(mn) = 2 − n.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 12

A∞-categories

Definition

An A∞-category A consists of Objects X, Y, . . . Morphism Z-graded k-modules A(X, Y), Identity morphisms idX ∈ A(X, X)0, n-Fold composition laws, n ≥ 1, mn : A(Xn−1, Xn) ⊗ · · · ⊗ A(X0, X1) − → A(X0, Xn), deg(mn) = 2 − n.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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A∞-categories

Definition

An A∞-category A consists of Objects X, Y, . . . Morphism Z-graded k-modules A(X, Y), Identity morphisms idX ∈ A(X, X)0, n-Fold composition laws, n ≥ 1, mn : A(Xn−1, Xn) ⊗ · · · ⊗ A(X0, X1) − → A(X0, Xn), deg(mn) = 2 − n.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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A∞-categories

Composition laws must satisfy equations: m1m1 = 0, i.e. A(X, Y) are complexes. m1m2 = m2(1 ⊗ m1 + m1 ⊗ 1), i.e. m1 is a derivation for the product m2. m2(m2⊗1−1⊗m2) = m1m3+m3(1⊗1⊗m1+1⊗m1⊗1+m1⊗1⊗1), i.e. m2 is associative up to the homotopy m3. . . . Identity morphisms in A must yield identities in H∗A.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 15

A∞-categories

Composition laws must satisfy equations: m1m1 = 0, i.e. A(X, Y) are complexes. m1m2 = m2(1 ⊗ m1 + m1 ⊗ 1), i.e. m1 is a derivation for the product m2. m2(m2⊗1−1⊗m2) = m1m3+m3(1⊗1⊗m1+1⊗m1⊗1+m1⊗1⊗1), i.e. m2 is associative up to the homotopy m3. . . . Identity morphisms in A must yield identities in H∗A.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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A∞-categories

Composition laws must satisfy equations: m1m1 = 0, i.e. A(X, Y) are complexes. m1m2 = m2(1 ⊗ m1 + m1 ⊗ 1), i.e. m1 is a derivation for the product m2. m2(m2⊗1−1⊗m2) = m1m3+m3(1⊗1⊗m1+1⊗m1⊗1+m1⊗1⊗1), i.e. m2 is associative up to the homotopy m3. . . . Identity morphisms in A must yield identities in H∗A.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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A∞-categories

Composition laws must satisfy equations: m1m1 = 0, i.e. A(X, Y) are complexes. m1m2 = m2(1 ⊗ m1 + m1 ⊗ 1), i.e. m1 is a derivation for the product m2. m2(m2⊗1−1⊗m2) = m1m3+m3(1⊗1⊗m1+1⊗m1⊗1+m1⊗1⊗1), i.e. m2 is associative up to the homotopy m3. . . . Identity morphisms in A must yield identities in H∗A.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 18

A∞-categories

Composition laws must satisfy equations: m1m1 = 0, i.e. A(X, Y) are complexes. m1m2 = m2(1 ⊗ m1 + m1 ⊗ 1), i.e. m1 is a derivation for the product m2. m2(m2⊗1−1⊗m2) = m1m3+m3(1⊗1⊗m1+1⊗m1⊗1+m1⊗1⊗1), i.e. m2 is associative up to the homotopy m3. . . . Identity morphisms in A must yield identities in H∗A.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 19

A∞-categories

Composition laws must satisfy equations: m1m1 = 0, i.e. A(X, Y) are complexes. m1m2 = m2(1 ⊗ m1 + m1 ⊗ 1), i.e. m1 is a derivation for the product m2. m2(m2⊗1−1⊗m2) = m1m3+m3(1⊗1⊗m1+1⊗m1⊗1+m1⊗1⊗1), i.e. m2 is associative up to the homotopy m3. . . . Identity morphisms in A must yield identities in H∗A.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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A∞-categories

Example

One-object A∞-categories are Stasheff’s A∞-algebras. DG-categories are A∞-categories with mn = 0 for all n ≥ 3.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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A∞-categories

Example

One-object A∞-categories are Stasheff’s A∞-algebras. DG-categories are A∞-categories with mn = 0 for all n ≥ 3.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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Minimal A∞-categories

Definition

An A∞-category A is minimal if m1 = 0. In this case A is a deformation of the graded category (A, m2).

Theorem (Kadeishvili’80, Lefèvre-Hasegawa’03)

Any A∞-category A over a field k is quasi-isomorphic to a minimal

  • ne, defined over H∗A.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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Minimal A∞-categories

Definition

An A∞-category A is minimal if m1 = 0. In this case A is a deformation of the graded category (A, m2).

Theorem (Kadeishvili’80, Lefèvre-Hasegawa’03)

Any A∞-category A over a field k is quasi-isomorphic to a minimal

  • ne, defined over H∗A.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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Minimal A∞-categories

Definition

The Hochschild complex C∗,∗(A) on a graded category A is Cn,r(A) =

  • X0,...,Xn in A

Homr(A(Xn−1, Xn) ⊗ · · · ⊗ A(X0, X1), A(X0, Xn)). with differential ∂ of degree (1, 0). The shifted Hochschild complex C∗+1,∗(A) is a DGLA with the Gerstenhaber bracket.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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Minimal A∞-categories

Definition

The Hochschild complex C∗,∗(A) on a graded category A is Cn,r(A) =

  • X0,...,Xn in A

Homr(A(Xn−1, Xn) ⊗ · · · ⊗ A(X0, X1), A(X0, Xn)). with differential ∂ of degree (1, 0). The shifted Hochschild complex C∗+1,∗(A) is a DGLA with the Gerstenhaber bracket.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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Minimal A∞-categories

A minimal A∞-structure on a graded category A is a Hochschild cochain of total degree 2 m = m3 + m4 + · · · + mn + · · · concentrated in horizontal degrees ≥ 3 which is a solution of the Maurer–Cartan equation, ∂(m) + 1 2[m, m] = 0. This equation can be decomposed as ∂(mn) + 1 2

  • p+q=n+2

[mp, mq] = 0, n ≥ 3, in particular m3 is a cocycle, {m3} ∈ HH3,−1(A).

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 27

Minimal A∞-categories

A minimal A∞-structure on a graded category A is a Hochschild cochain of total degree 2 m = m3 + m4 + · · · + mn + · · · concentrated in horizontal degrees ≥ 3 which is a solution of the Maurer–Cartan equation, ∂(m) + 1 2[m, m] = 0. This equation can be decomposed as ∂(mn) + 1 2

  • p+q=n+2

[mp, mq] = 0, n ≥ 3, in particular m3 is a cocycle, {m3} ∈ HH3,−1(A).

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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Minimal An-categories

Definition

A minimal An-structure on a graded category A is given by Hochschild cochains m3, . . . , mi, . . . , mn of bidegree (i, 2 − i) such that ∂(mi) + 1 2

  • p+q=i+2

[mp, mq] = 0, n ≥ i ≥ 3. An A3-structure on a graded category is just a 3-cocycle m3, {m3} ∈ HH3,−1(A). An A∞-structure is a sequence of cochains m3, . . . , mn, . . . such that m3, . . . , mn is an An-structure for all n ≥ 3.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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Minimal An-categories

Definition

A minimal An-structure on a graded category A is given by Hochschild cochains m3, . . . , mi, . . . , mn of bidegree (i, 2 − i) such that ∂(mi) + 1 2

  • p+q=i+2

[mp, mq] = 0, n ≥ i ≥ 3. An A3-structure on a graded category is just a 3-cocycle m3, {m3} ∈ HH3,−1(A). An A∞-structure is a sequence of cochains m3, . . . , mn, . . . such that m3, . . . , mn is an An-structure for all n ≥ 3.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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Minimal An-categories

Definition

A minimal An-structure on a graded category A is given by Hochschild cochains m3, . . . , mi, . . . , mn of bidegree (i, 2 − i) such that ∂(mi) + 1 2

  • p+q=i+2

[mp, mq] = 0, n ≥ i ≥ 3. An A3-structure on a graded category is just a 3-cocycle m3, {m3} ∈ HH3,−1(A). An A∞-structure is a sequence of cochains m3, . . . , mn, . . . such that m3, . . . , mn is an An-structure for all n ≥ 3.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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Pretriangulated A∞-categories

The derived category D(A) of an A∞-category A is the homotopy category of right A-modules, which is triangulated in a natural way. The inclusion of free modules induces a functor H0A − → D(A) X → A( · , X).

Definition

An A∞-category A is pretriangulated if H0A is a triangulated subcategory of D(A). If A is pretriangulated and T = H0(A) then HnA(X, Y) ∼ = T (X, ΣnY), n ∈ Z, where Σ is the suspension in T .

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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Pretriangulated A∞-categories

The derived category D(A) of an A∞-category A is the homotopy category of right A-modules, which is triangulated in a natural way. The inclusion of free modules induces a functor H0A − → D(A) X → A( · , X).

Definition

An A∞-category A is pretriangulated if H0A is a triangulated subcategory of D(A). If A is pretriangulated and T = H0(A) then HnA(X, Y) ∼ = T (X, ΣnY), n ∈ Z, where Σ is the suspension in T .

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 33

Pretriangulated A∞-categories

The derived category D(A) of an A∞-category A is the homotopy category of right A-modules, which is triangulated in a natural way. The inclusion of free modules induces a functor H0A − → D(A) X → A( · , X).

Definition

An A∞-category A is pretriangulated if H0A is a triangulated subcategory of D(A). If A is pretriangulated and T = H0(A) then HnA(X, Y) ∼ = T (X, ΣnY), n ∈ Z, where Σ is the suspension in T .

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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The problem

Let T be a triangulated category over k with suspension Σ.

When is T algebraic?

Translation: For k a field, we wonder about the existence of a minimal pretriangulated A∞-category A = (TΣ, m) on the graded category TΣ with the same objects as T and morphisms TΣ(X, Y) =

  • n∈Z

T (X, ΣnY), such that T embeds as a triangulated subcategory of D(A). For this we have to find m3, m4, . . . adequately.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 35

The problem

Let T be a triangulated category over k with suspension Σ.

When is T algebraic?

Translation: For k a field, we wonder about the existence of a minimal pretriangulated A∞-category A = (TΣ, m) on the graded category TΣ with the same objects as T and morphisms TΣ(X, Y) =

  • n∈Z

T (X, ΣnY), such that T embeds as a triangulated subcategory of D(A). For this we have to find m3, m4, . . . adequately.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 36

The problem

Let T be a triangulated category over k with suspension Σ.

When is T algebraic?

Translation: For k a field, we wonder about the existence of a minimal pretriangulated A∞-category A = (TΣ, m) on the graded category TΣ with the same objects as T and morphisms TΣ(X, Y) =

  • n∈Z

T (X, ΣnY), such that T embeds as a triangulated subcategory of D(A). For this we have to find m3, m4, . . . adequately.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 37

The problem

Let T be a triangulated category over k with suspension Σ.

When is T algebraic?

Translation: For k a field, we wonder about the existence of a minimal pretriangulated A∞-category A = (TΣ, m) on the graded category TΣ with the same objects as T and morphisms TΣ(X, Y) =

  • n∈Z

T (X, ΣnY), such that T embeds as a triangulated subcategory of D(A). For this we have to find m3, m4, . . . adequately.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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Secondary compositions

A secondary composition or Massey product or Toda bracket in an additive graded category C is an operation which sends composable homogeneous morphisms Z

h

− → Y

g

− → X

f

− → W, with fg = 0 and gh = 0, to f, g, h ∈ C(Z, W) f · C(Z, X) + C(Y, W) · h, such that deg(f, g, h) = deg(f) + deg(g) + deg(h) − 1, f, g, h · i ⊂ f, g, h · i ⊂ f, g · h, i ⊃ f · g, h, i ⊃ (−1)deg(f)f · g, h, i.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 39

Secondary compositions

A secondary composition or Massey product or Toda bracket in an additive graded category C is an operation which sends composable homogeneous morphisms Z

h

− → Y

g

− → X

f

− → W, with fg = 0 and gh = 0, to f, g, h ∈ C(Z, W) f · C(Z, X) + C(Y, W) · h, such that deg(f, g, h) = deg(f) + deg(g) + deg(h) − 1, f, g, h · i ⊂ f, g, h · i ⊂ f, g · h, i ⊃ f · g, h, i ⊃ (−1)deg(f)f · g, h, i.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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Secondary compositions in TΣ

The graded category TΣ carries a secondary composition induced by the triangulated structure on T . Given Z

h

Y

g

X

f

W

exact This extends canonically to a secondary composition in TΣ.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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Secondary compositions in TΣ

The graded category TΣ carries a secondary composition induced by the triangulated structure on T . Given Z

h

Y

g

X

f

W

in T exact This extends canonically to a secondary composition in TΣ.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 42

Secondary compositions in TΣ

The graded category TΣ carries a secondary composition induced by the triangulated structure on T . Given Z

h

  • Y

g

  • X

f

W

in T exact This extends canonically to a secondary composition in TΣ.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 43

Secondary compositions in TΣ

The graded category TΣ carries a secondary composition induced by the triangulated structure on T . Given Z

h

Y

g

X

f

W

in T Σ−1W

V X

f

W

exact This extends canonically to a secondary composition in TΣ.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 44

Secondary compositions in TΣ

The graded category TΣ carries a secondary composition induced by the triangulated structure on T . Given Z

h

Y

g

  • X

f

W

in T Σ−1W

V X

f

W

exact This extends canonically to a secondary composition in TΣ.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 45

Secondary compositions in TΣ

The graded category TΣ carries a secondary composition induced by the triangulated structure on T . Given Z

h

Y

g

  • X

f

W

in T Σ−1W

V

  • X

f

W

exact This extends canonically to a secondary composition in TΣ.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-46
SLIDE 46

Secondary compositions in TΣ

The graded category TΣ carries a secondary composition induced by the triangulated structure on T . Given Z

h

  • Y

g

X

f

W

in T Σ−1W

V

  • X

f

W

exact This extends canonically to a secondary composition in TΣ.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-47
SLIDE 47

Secondary compositions in TΣ

The graded category TΣ carries a secondary composition induced by the triangulated structure on T . Given Z

h

  • Y

g

X

f

W

in T Σ−1W

  • V
  • X

f

W

exact This extends canonically to a secondary composition in TΣ.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-48
SLIDE 48

Secondary compositions in TΣ

The graded category TΣ carries a secondary composition induced by the triangulated structure on T . Given Z

h

Y

g

X

f

W

in T Σ−1W

  • f,g,h ∋

V

  • X

f

W

exact This extends canonically to a secondary composition in TΣ.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 49

Secondary compositions in TΣ

The graded category TΣ carries a secondary composition induced by the triangulated structure on T . Given Z

h

Y

g

X

f

W

in T Σ−1W

  • f,g,h ∋

V

  • X

f

W

exact This extends canonically to a secondary composition in TΣ.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 50

Secondary compositions in TΣ

Conversely, this secondary composition determines the exact triangles.

Proposition

A triangle X

f

→ Y

i

→ C

q

→ ΣX is exact in T if and only if T (U, X) → T (U, Y) → T (U, C) → T (U, ΣX) → T (U, ΣY) is exact for any object U in T and 1X ∈ q, i, f ⊂ T (X, X). Using [Heller’68] one can actually determine the subset {Puppe triangulated structures in T } ⊆ {Secondary compositions in TΣ} which is the intersection of an ‘open’ and a ‘closed’ subset.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 51

Secondary compositions in TΣ

Conversely, this secondary composition determines the exact triangles.

Proposition

A triangle X

f

→ Y

i

→ C

q

→ ΣX is exact in T if and only if T (U, X) → T (U, Y) → T (U, C) → T (U, ΣX) → T (U, ΣY) is exact for any object U in T and 1X ∈ q, i, f ⊂ T (X, X). Using [Heller’68] one can actually determine the subset {Puppe triangulated structures in T } ⊆ {Secondary compositions in TΣ} which is the intersection of an ‘open’ and a ‘closed’ subset.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 52

Secondary compositions in TΣ

Definition

A finitely presented right T -module is a functor M : T op → k -Mod which fits into an exact sequence T ( · , X) → T ( · , Y) → M → 0

Theorem (Freyd’66)

The category mod- T of finitely presented right T -modules is a Frobenius abelian category.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 53

Secondary compositions in TΣ

Definition

A finitely presented right T -module is a functor M : T op → k -Mod which fits into an exact sequence T ( · , X) → T ( · , Y) → M → 0

Theorem (Freyd’66)

The category mod- T of finitely presented right T -modules is a Frobenius abelian category.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 54

Secondary compositions in TΣ

The suspension functor in T extends uniquely to an exact equivalence Σ: mod- T − → mod- T . We can therefore define a graded category mod- TΣ with the same

  • bjects as mod- T and graded morphisms

Hom∗

T (M, N)

=

  • n∈Z

HomT (M, ΣnN), and also bigraded ext’s Ext∗,∗

T .

Proposition

{Secondary compositions in TΣ} ∼ = HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ).

skip proof Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 55

Secondary compositions in TΣ

The suspension functor in T extends uniquely to an exact equivalence Σ: mod- T − → mod- T . We can therefore define a graded category mod- TΣ with the same

  • bjects as mod- T and graded morphisms

Hom∗

T (M, N)

=

  • n∈Z

HomT (M, ΣnN), and also bigraded ext’s Ext∗,∗

T .

Proposition

{Secondary compositions in TΣ} ∼ = HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ).

skip proof Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 56

Secondary compositions in TΣ

The suspension functor in T extends uniquely to an exact equivalence Σ: mod- T − → mod- T . We can therefore define a graded category mod- TΣ with the same

  • bjects as mod- T and graded morphisms

Hom∗

T (M, N)

=

  • n∈Z

HomT (M, ΣnN), and also bigraded ext’s Ext∗,∗

T .

Proposition

{Secondary compositions in TΣ} ∼ = HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ).

skip proof Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-57
SLIDE 57

Secondary compositions in TΣ

Idea of the proof.

Suppose we have a secondary composition ·, ·, ·. We now define an element in κ ∈ HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ). Let M be in mod- T ,

· T ( · , X)

T ( · ,f) T ( · , Y) p

M,

. . Σ−1Y

i

− → C

q

− → X

f

− → Y, exact.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-58
SLIDE 58

Secondary compositions in TΣ

Idea of the proof.

Suppose we have a secondary composition ·, ·, ·. We now define an element in κ ∈ HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ). Let M be in mod- T ,

· T ( · , X)

T ( · ,f) T ( · , Y) p

M,

. . Σ−1Y

i

− → C

q

− → X

f

− → Y, exact.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-59
SLIDE 59

Secondary compositions in TΣ

Idea of the proof.

Suppose we have a secondary composition ·, ·, ·. We now define an element in κ ∈ HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ). Let M be in mod- T ,

· T ( · , X)

T ( · ,f) T ( · , Y) p

M,

. . Σ−1Y

i

− → C

q

− → X

f

− → Y, exact.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-60
SLIDE 60

Secondary compositions in TΣ

Idea of the proof.

Suppose we have a secondary composition ·, ·, ·. We now define an element in κ ∈ HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ). Let M be in mod- T ,

· T ( · , Σ−1Y)

T ( · ,i)

T ( · , C)

T ( · ,q) T ( · , X) T ( · ,f) T ( · , Y) p

M,

. . Σ−1Y

i

− → C

q

− → X

f

− → Y, exact.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-61
SLIDE 61

Secondary compositions in TΣ

Idea of the proof.

Suppose we have a secondary composition ·, ·, ·. We now define an element in κ ∈ HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ). Let M be in mod- T ,

· T ( · , Σ−1Y)

T ( · ,i)

  • T ( · ,f,q,i) ∋
  • T ( · , C)

T ( · ,q) T ( · , X) T ( · ,f) T ( · , Y) p

M,

. T ( · , Σ−1Y) . Σ−1Y

i

− → C

q

− → X

f

− → Y, exact.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-62
SLIDE 62

Secondary compositions in TΣ

Idea of the proof.

Suppose we have a secondary composition ·, ·, ·. We now define an element in κ ∈ HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ). Let M be in mod- T ,

· T ( · , Σ−1Y)

T ( · ,i)

  • T ( · ,f,q,i) ∋
  • T ( · , C)

T ( · ,q) T ( · , X) T ( · ,f) T ( · , Y) p

M,

. T ( · , Σ−1Y)

Σ−1p Σ−1M

. Σ−1Y

i

− → C

q

− → X

f

− → Y, exact.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-63
SLIDE 63

Secondary compositions in TΣ

Idea of the proof.

Suppose we have a secondary composition ·, ·, ·. We now define an element in κ ∈ HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ). Let M be in mod- T ,

· T ( · , Σ−1Y)

T ( · ,i)

  • T ( · ,f,q,i) ∋
  • ∈ κ(M) ∈ Ext3,−1

T

(M,M)

  • T ( · , C)

T ( · ,q) T ( · , X) T ( · ,f) T ( · , Y) p

M,

. T ( · , Σ−1Y)

Σ−1p Σ−1M

. Σ−1Y

i

− → C

q

− → X

f

− → Y, exact.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-64
SLIDE 64

The first obstructions

Theorem

For k a field and any r ∈ Z there is a spectral sequence Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T ) =

⇒ HHp+q,r(TΣ). If T = H0A for some pretriangulated minimal A∞-category A then the edge homomorphism for r = −1 satisfies HH3,−1(TΣ) − → HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ) = E0,3 2

{m3} → ·, ·, ·.

Corollary

If T is algebraic over a field k then the secondary composition ·, ·, · in TΣ is a permanent cycle in the previous spectral sequence.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-65
SLIDE 65

The first obstructions

Theorem

For k a field and any r ∈ Z there is a spectral sequence Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T ) =

⇒ HHp+q,r(TΣ). If T = H0A for some pretriangulated minimal A∞-category A then the edge homomorphism for r = −1 satisfies HH3,−1(TΣ) − → HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ) = E0,3 2

{m3} → ·, ·, ·.

Corollary

If T is algebraic over a field k then the secondary composition ·, ·, · in TΣ is a permanent cycle in the previous spectral sequence.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-66
SLIDE 66

The first obstructions

Theorem

For k a field and any r ∈ Z there is a spectral sequence Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T ) =

⇒ HHp+q,r(TΣ). If T = H0A for some pretriangulated minimal A∞-category A then the edge homomorphism for r = −1 satisfies HH3,−1(TΣ) − → HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ) = E0,3 2

{m3} → ·, ·, ·.

Corollary

If T is algebraic over a field k then the secondary composition ·, ·, · in TΣ is a permanent cycle in the previous spectral sequence.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-67
SLIDE 67

The first obstructions

Conversely, if ·, ·, · is a permanent cycle we can choose a (3, −1)-cocycle m3 such that {m3} → ·, ·, · through the edge homomorphism. Such a choice yields an A3-structure on TΣ that we can try to extend to an A∞-structure.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-68
SLIDE 68

The first obstructions

Conversely, if ·, ·, · is a permanent cycle we can choose a (3, −1)-cocycle m3 such that {m3} → ·, ·, · through the edge homomorphism. Such a choice yields an A3-structure on TΣ that we can try to extend to an A∞-structure.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-69
SLIDE 69

The first obstructions

Therefore the first obstructions for the existence of an A∞-enhancement are d2(·, ·, ·) ∈ E2,2

2

= HH2,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext2,∗

T ), if = 0

then d3(·, ·, ·) ∈ E3,1

3 , if = 0

then d4(·, ·, ·) ∈ E4,0

4

և HH4,−1(mod- TΣ, Hom∗

T ), if = 0

then there is an A3-enhancement of TΣ.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-70
SLIDE 70

The first obstructions

Therefore the first obstructions for the existence of an A∞-enhancement are d2(·, ·, ·) ∈ E2,2

2

= HH2,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext2,∗

T ), if = 0

then d3(·, ·, ·) ∈ E3,1

3 , if = 0

then d4(·, ·, ·) ∈ E4,0

4

և HH4,−1(mod- TΣ, Hom∗

T ), if = 0

then there is an A3-enhancement of TΣ.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-71
SLIDE 71

The first obstructions

Therefore the first obstructions for the existence of an A∞-enhancement are d2(·, ·, ·) ∈ E2,2

2

= HH2,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext2,∗

T ), if = 0

then d3(·, ·, ·) ∈ E3,1

3 , if = 0

then d4(·, ·, ·) ∈ E4,0

4

և HH4,−1(mod- TΣ, Hom∗

T ), if = 0

then there is an A3-enhancement of TΣ.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-72
SLIDE 72

The first obstructions

Therefore the first obstructions for the existence of an A∞-enhancement are d2(·, ·, ·) ∈ E2,2

2

= HH2,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext2,∗

T ), if = 0

then d3(·, ·, ·) ∈ E3,1

3 , if = 0

then d4(·, ·, ·) ∈ E4,0

4

և HH4,−1(mod- TΣ, Hom∗

T ), if = 0

then there is an A3-enhancement of TΣ.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-73
SLIDE 73

Higher obstructions

Suppose that we have enhanced TΣ to an An−1-category, n > 3, in a compatible way with the triangulated structure of T . Then    1 2

  • p+q=n+2

[mp, mq]    ∈ HHn+1,2−n(TΣ). If this cohomology class vanishes then any trivialising cochain mn yields an extension to an An-category since ∂(mn) + 1 2

  • p+q=n+2

[mp, mq] = 0, and conversely.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-74
SLIDE 74

Higher obstructions

Suppose that we have enhanced TΣ to an An−1-category, n > 3, in a compatible way with the triangulated structure of T . Then    1 2

  • p+q=n+2

[mp, mq]    ∈ HHn+1,2−n(TΣ). If this cohomology class vanishes then any trivialising cochain mn yields an extension to an An-category since ∂(mn) + 1 2

  • p+q=n+2

[mp, mq] = 0, and conversely.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-75
SLIDE 75

Higher obstructions

Suppose that we have enhanced TΣ to an An−1-category, n > 3, in a compatible way with the triangulated structure of T . Then    1 2

  • p+q=n+2

[mp, mq]    ∈ HHn+1,2−n(TΣ). If this cohomology class vanishes then any trivialising cochain mn yields an extension to an An-category since ∂(mn) + 1 2

  • p+q=n+2

[mp, mq] = 0, and conversely.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-76
SLIDE 76

Higher obstructions

The first of these higher obstructions is as follows.

Example

For n = 4, if (TΣ, m3) is an A3-category, the obstruction for the existence of an A4-enhancement is obtained from {m3} ∈ HH3,−1(TΣ), 1 2[{m3}, {m3}] ∈ HH5,−2(TΣ).

dual numbers Tate Amiot skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-77
SLIDE 77

The example of dual numbers

Let T = finitely generated free modules over k[ε]/(ε2) and Σ is the identity on objects and such that Σ(ε) = −ε. {Secondary compositions in TΣ} ∼ = HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T )

∼ = k. Each x ∈ k× corresponds to the secondary composition of an algebraic triangulated structure on T with exact triangle k[ε]/(ε2)

ε

− → k[ε]/(ε2)

ε

− → k[ε]/(ε2) x·ε − → k[ε]/(ε2). And 0 ∈ k does not correspond to any triangulated structure.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-78
SLIDE 78

The example of dual numbers

Let T = finitely generated free modules over k[ε]/(ε2) and Σ is the identity on objects and such that Σ(ε) = −ε. {Secondary compositions in TΣ} ∼ = HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T )

∼ = k. Each x ∈ k× corresponds to the secondary composition of an algebraic triangulated structure on T with exact triangle k[ε]/(ε2)

ε

− → k[ε]/(ε2)

ε

− → k[ε]/(ε2) x·ε − → k[ε]/(ε2). And 0 ∈ k does not correspond to any triangulated structure.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-79
SLIDE 79

The example of dual numbers

Let T = finitely generated free modules over k[ε]/(ε2) and Σ is the identity on objects and such that Σ(ε) = −ε. {Secondary compositions in TΣ} ∼ = HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T )

∼ = k. Each x ∈ k× corresponds to the secondary composition of an algebraic triangulated structure on T with exact triangle k[ε]/(ε2)

ε

− → k[ε]/(ε2)

ε

− → k[ε]/(ε2) x·ε − → k[ε]/(ε2). And 0 ∈ k does not correspond to any triangulated structure.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-80
SLIDE 80

The example of dual numbers

The edge homomorphism is HH3,−1(TΣ) ∼ = k · α ⊕ k · β − → HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ) ∼

= k, α → 1, β → 0, y ∈ k, x · α + y · β → x = 0. Let {m3} = x · α + y · β. The obstruction to enhance (TΣ, m3) to an A4-category is

1 2[x · α + y · β, x · α + y · β]

= xy[α, β] + 1

2y2[β, β],

∈ HH5,−2(TΣ) ∼ = k · [α, β] ⊕ k · [β, β], [α, α] = 0, so the obstruction vanishes if and only if y = 0.

Tate Amiot skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-81
SLIDE 81

The example of dual numbers

The edge homomorphism is HH3,−1(TΣ) ∼ = k · α ⊕ k · β − → HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ) ∼

= k, α → 1, β → 0, y ∈ k, x · α + y · β → x = 0. Let {m3} = x · α + y · β. The obstruction to enhance (TΣ, m3) to an A4-category is

1 2[x · α + y · β, x · α + y · β]

= xy[α, β] + 1

2y2[β, β],

∈ HH5,−2(TΣ) ∼ = k · [α, β] ⊕ k · [β, β], [α, α] = 0, so the obstruction vanishes if and only if y = 0.

Tate Amiot skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-82
SLIDE 82

The example of dual numbers

The edge homomorphism is HH3,−1(TΣ) ∼ = k · α ⊕ k · β − → HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ) ∼

= k, α → 1, β → 0, y ∈ k, x · α + y · β → x = 0. Let {m3} = x · α + y · β. The obstruction to enhance (TΣ, m3) to an A4-category is

1 2[x · α + y · β, x · α + y · β]

= xy[α, β] + 1

2y2[β, β],

∈ HH5,−2(TΣ) ∼ = k · [α, β] ⊕ k · [β, β], [α, α] = 0, so the obstruction vanishes if and only if y = 0.

Tate Amiot skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-83
SLIDE 83

The example of dual numbers

The edge homomorphism is HH3,−1(TΣ) ∼ = k · α ⊕ k · β − → HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ) ∼

= k, α → 1, β → 0, y ∈ k, x · α + y · β → x = 0. Let {m3} = x · α + y · β. The obstruction to enhance (TΣ, m3) to an A4-category is

1 2[x · α + y · β, x · α + y · β]

= xy[α, β] + 1

2y2[β, β],

∈ HH5,−2(TΣ) ∼ = k · [α, β] ⊕ k · [β, β], [α, α] = 0, so the obstruction vanishes if and only if y = 0.

Tate Amiot skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-84
SLIDE 84

The example of dual numbers

The edge homomorphism is HH3,−1(TΣ) ∼ = k · α ⊕ k · β − → HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ) ∼

= k, α → 1, β → 0, y ∈ k, x · α + y · β → x = 0. Let {m3} = x · α + y · β. The obstruction to enhance (TΣ, m3) to an A4-category is

1 2[x · α + y · β, x · α + y · β]

= xy[α, β] + 1

2y2[β, β],

∈ HH5,−2(TΣ) ∼ = k · [α, β] ⊕ k · [β, β], [α, α] = 0, so the obstruction vanishes if and only if y = 0.

Tate Amiot skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-85
SLIDE 85

The example of dual numbers

The edge homomorphism is HH3,−1(TΣ) ∼ = k · α ⊕ k · β − → HH0,−1(mod- TΣ, Ext3,∗

T ) ∼

= k, α → 1, β → 0, y ∈ k, x · α + y · β → x = 0. Let {m3} = x · α + y · β. The obstruction to enhance (TΣ, m3) to an A4-category is

1 2[x · α + y · β, x · α + y · β]

= xy[α, β] + 1

2y2[β, β],

∈ HH5,−2(TΣ) ∼ = k · [α, β] ⊕ k · [β, β], [α, α] = 0, so the obstruction vanishes if and only if y = 0.

Tate Amiot skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-86
SLIDE 86

Another application of the spectral sequence

Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T )

= ⇒ HHp+q,r(TΣ), Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(Mod- H∗(G, k), Extq,∗

b H∗(G,k))

= ⇒ HHp+q,r( H∗(G, k)), Here G is a finite group and H∗(G, k) is Tate cohomology. HH3,−1( H∗(G, k))

edge

− → HH0,−1(Mod- H∗(G, k), Ext3,∗

b H∗(G,k)),

γG → κ,

Theorem (Benson–Krause–Schwede’03)

Given a right H∗(G, k)-module X, κ(X) = 0 ⇔ X is a direct summand

  • f

H∗(G, M) for some kG-module M. Moreover, there is a class γG such that the edge homomorphism maps γG to κ.

dual numbers Amiot skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-87
SLIDE 87

Another application of the spectral sequence

Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T )

= ⇒ HHp+q,r(TΣ), Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(Mod- H∗(G, k), Extq,∗

b H∗(G,k))

= ⇒ HHp+q,r( H∗(G, k)), Here G is a finite group and H∗(G, k) is Tate cohomology. HH3,−1( H∗(G, k))

edge

− → HH0,−1(Mod- H∗(G, k), Ext3,∗

b H∗(G,k)),

γG → κ,

Theorem (Benson–Krause–Schwede’03)

Given a right H∗(G, k)-module X, κ(X) = 0 ⇔ X is a direct summand

  • f

H∗(G, M) for some kG-module M. Moreover, there is a class γG such that the edge homomorphism maps γG to κ.

dual numbers Amiot skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-88
SLIDE 88

Another application of the spectral sequence

Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T )

= ⇒ HHp+q,r(TΣ), Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(Mod- H∗(G, k), Extq,∗

b H∗(G,k))

= ⇒ HHp+q,r( H∗(G, k)), Here G is a finite group and H∗(G, k) is Tate cohomology. HH3,−1( H∗(G, k))

edge

− → HH0,−1(Mod- H∗(G, k), Ext3,∗

b H∗(G,k)),

γG → κ,

Theorem (Benson–Krause–Schwede’03)

Given a right H∗(G, k)-module X, κ(X) = 0 ⇔ X is a direct summand

  • f

H∗(G, M) for some kG-module M. Moreover, there is a class γG such that the edge homomorphism maps γG to κ.

dual numbers Amiot skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-89
SLIDE 89

Another application of the spectral sequence

Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T )

= ⇒ HHp+q,r(TΣ), Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(Mod- H∗(G, k), Extq,∗

b H∗(G,k))

= ⇒ HHp+q,r( H∗(G, k)), Here G is a finite group and H∗(G, k) is Tate cohomology. HH3,−1( H∗(G, k))

edge

− → HH0,−1(Mod- H∗(G, k), Ext3,∗

b H∗(G,k)),

γG → κ,

Theorem (Benson–Krause–Schwede’03)

Given a right H∗(G, k)-module X, κ(X) = 0 ⇔ X is a direct summand

  • f

H∗(G, M) for some kG-module M. Moreover, there is a class γG such that the edge homomorphism maps γG to κ.

dual numbers Amiot skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-90
SLIDE 90

Another application of the spectral sequence

Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T )

= ⇒ HHp+q,r(TΣ), Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(Mod- H∗(G, k), Extq,∗

b H∗(G,k))

= ⇒ HHp+q,r( H∗(G, k)), Here G is a finite group and H∗(G, k) is Tate cohomology. HH3,−1( H∗(G, k))

edge

− → HH0,−1(Mod- H∗(G, k), Ext3,∗

b H∗(G,k)),

γG → κ,

Theorem (Benson–Krause–Schwede’03)

Given a right H∗(G, k)-module X, κ(X) = 0 ⇔ X is a direct summand

  • f

H∗(G, M) for some kG-module M. Moreover, there is a class γG such that the edge homomorphism maps γG to κ.

dual numbers Amiot skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-91
SLIDE 91

Another application of the spectral sequence

Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T )

= ⇒ HHp+q,r(TΣ), Ep,q

2

= HHp,r(Mod- H∗(G, k), Extq,∗

b H∗(G,k))

= ⇒ HHp+q,r( H∗(G, k)), Here G is a finite group and H∗(G, k) is Tate cohomology. HH3,−1( H∗(G, k))

edge

− → HH0,−1(Mod- H∗(G, k), Ext3,∗

b H∗(G,k)),

γG → κ,

Theorem (Benson–Krause–Schwede’03)

Given a right H∗(G, k)-module X, κ(X) = 0 ⇔ X is a direct summand

  • f

H∗(G, M) for some kG-module M. Moreover, there is a class γG such that the edge homomorphism maps γG to κ.

dual numbers Amiot skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-92
SLIDE 92

An open problem

There are relevant finiteness conditions on triangulated categories which may allow cohomological computations: Krull–Remak–Schmidt. Finitely many indecomposables. Finite-dimensional hom’s. Over an algebraically closed field k, [Amiot’06] has classified the underlying category of a wide class of triangulated categories satisfying these conditions. This class includes maximal d-Calabi–Yau’s, d ≥ 2. It could be interesting to determine how many of them are algebraic for k = Q. This could eventually yield examples of exotic triangulated categories where 2 and all primes are invertible.

dual numbers Tate skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-93
SLIDE 93

An open problem

There are relevant finiteness conditions on triangulated categories which may allow cohomological computations: Krull–Remak–Schmidt. Finitely many indecomposables. Finite-dimensional hom’s. Over an algebraically closed field k, [Amiot’06] has classified the underlying category of a wide class of triangulated categories satisfying these conditions. This class includes maximal d-Calabi–Yau’s, d ≥ 2. It could be interesting to determine how many of them are algebraic for k = Q. This could eventually yield examples of exotic triangulated categories where 2 and all primes are invertible.

dual numbers Tate skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-94
SLIDE 94

An open problem

There are relevant finiteness conditions on triangulated categories which may allow cohomological computations: Krull–Remak–Schmidt. Finitely many indecomposables. Finite-dimensional hom’s. Over an algebraically closed field k, [Amiot’06] has classified the underlying category of a wide class of triangulated categories satisfying these conditions. This class includes maximal d-Calabi–Yau’s, d ≥ 2. It could be interesting to determine how many of them are algebraic for k = Q. This could eventually yield examples of exotic triangulated categories where 2 and all primes are invertible.

dual numbers Tate skip Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-95
SLIDE 95

Main ingredients

The special features of fields which allow the definition of an

  • bstruction theory for the existence of an A∞-enhancement of a

triangulated category over a field k are: Kadeishvili’s theorem: any A∞-category is quasi-isomorphic to a minimal one. The spectral sequence: HHp,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T ) ⇒ HHp+q,r(TΣ).

What happens when k is just a commutative ring? What about topological triangulated categories?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-96
SLIDE 96

Main ingredients

The special features of fields which allow the definition of an

  • bstruction theory for the existence of an A∞-enhancement of a

triangulated category over a field k are: Kadeishvili’s theorem: any A∞-category is quasi-isomorphic to a minimal one. The spectral sequence: HHp,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T ) ⇒ HHp+q,r(TΣ).

What happens when k is just a commutative ring? What about topological triangulated categories?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 97

Main ingredients

The special features of fields which allow the definition of an

  • bstruction theory for the existence of an A∞-enhancement of a

triangulated category over a field k are: Kadeishvili’s theorem: any A∞-category is quasi-isomorphic to a minimal one. The spectral sequence: HHp,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T ) ⇒ HHp+q,r(TΣ).

What happens when k is just a commutative ring? What about topological triangulated categories?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-98
SLIDE 98

Main ingredients

The special features of fields which allow the definition of an

  • bstruction theory for the existence of an A∞-enhancement of a

triangulated category over a field k are: Kadeishvili’s theorem: any A∞-category is quasi-isomorphic to a minimal one. The spectral sequence: HHp,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T ) ⇒ HHp+q,r(TΣ).

What happens when k is just a commutative ring? What about topological triangulated categories?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-99
SLIDE 99

Main ingredients

The special features of fields which allow the definition of an

  • bstruction theory for the existence of an A∞-enhancement of a

triangulated category over a field k are: Kadeishvili’s theorem: any A∞-category is quasi-isomorphic to a minimal one. The spectral sequence: HHp,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T ) ⇒ HHp+q,r(TΣ).

What happens when k is just a commutative ring? What about topological triangulated categories?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-100
SLIDE 100

Arbitrary commutative ground ring k

There is a version of Kadeishvili’s theorem over an arbitrary commutative ring.

Theorem (Sagave’08)

Any A∞-algebra is quasi-isomorphic to a minimal derived A∞-algebra. This theorem may be extended to A∞-categories. Derived A∞-algebras are related to Shukla cohomology (a.k.a. derived Hochschild cohomology) as A∞-algebras are related to Hochschild

  • cohomology. In particular any derived A∞-algebra A yields a

characteristic cohomology class γA ∈ SH3,−1(H∗A).

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-101
SLIDE 101

Arbitrary commutative ground ring k

There is a version of Kadeishvili’s theorem over an arbitrary commutative ring.

Theorem (Sagave’08)

Any A∞-algebra is quasi-isomorphic to a minimal derived A∞-algebra. This theorem may be extended to A∞-categories. Derived A∞-algebras are related to Shukla cohomology (a.k.a. derived Hochschild cohomology) as A∞-algebras are related to Hochschild

  • cohomology. In particular any derived A∞-algebra A yields a

characteristic cohomology class γA ∈ SH3,−1(H∗A).

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-102
SLIDE 102

Arbitrary commutative ground ring k

There is a version of Kadeishvili’s theorem over an arbitrary commutative ring.

Theorem (Sagave’08)

Any A∞-algebra is quasi-isomorphic to a minimal derived A∞-algebra. This theorem may be extended to A∞-categories. Derived A∞-algebras are related to Shukla cohomology (a.k.a. derived Hochschild cohomology) as A∞-algebras are related to Hochschild

  • cohomology. In particular any derived A∞-algebra A yields a

characteristic cohomology class γA ∈ SH3,−1(H∗A).

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-103
SLIDE 103

Arbitrary commutative ground ring k

There is a version of Kadeishvili’s theorem over an arbitrary commutative ring.

Theorem (Sagave’08)

Any A∞-algebra is quasi-isomorphic to a minimal derived A∞-algebra. This theorem may be extended to A∞-categories. Derived A∞-algebras are related to Shukla cohomology (a.k.a. derived Hochschild cohomology) as A∞-algebras are related to Hochschild

  • cohomology. In particular any derived A∞-algebra A yields a

characteristic cohomology class γA ∈ SH3,−1(H∗A).

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-104
SLIDE 104

Arbitrary commutative ground ring k

There is a version of Kadeishvili’s theorem over an arbitrary commutative ring.

Theorem (Sagave’08)

Any A∞-algebra is quasi-isomorphic to a minimal derived A∞-algebra. This theorem may be extended to A∞-categories. Derived A∞-algebras are related to Shukla cohomology (a.k.a. derived Hochschild cohomology) as A∞-algebras are related to Hochschild

  • cohomology. In particular any derived A∞-algebra A yields a

characteristic cohomology class γA ∈ SH3,−1(H∗A).

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 105

Arbitrary commutative ground ring k

There is an ungraded version of the spectral sequence for Shukla cohomology.

Theorem (Lowen–van den Bergh’04)

If T is a triangulated category over k then there is a spectral sequence Ep,q

2

= SHp(mod- T , Extq

T ) ⇒ SHp+q(T ).

Obtain the graded version!

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 106

Arbitrary commutative ground ring k

There is an ungraded version of the spectral sequence for Shukla cohomology.

Theorem (Lowen–van den Bergh’04)

If T is a triangulated category over k then there is a spectral sequence Ep,q

2

= SHp(mod- T , Extq

T ) ⇒ SHp+q(T ).

Obtain the graded version!

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 107

Arbitrary commutative ground ring k

Over a field k, ungraded Hochschild cohomology is related to the graded version as follows.

Proposition

There are exact triangles in D(k) for all r, q ∈ Z, C∗,r(TΣ) → C∗(T , Homr

T ) 1+Σ−1

∗ Σ∗

− → C∗(T , Homr

T ) → C∗,r(TΣ)[1],

C∗,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T ) → C∗(mod- T , Extq,r T ) → C∗(mod- T , Extq,r T ) · · · .

Corollary

The graded Hochschild cohomology HH∗,−1(TΣ) is translation Hochschild cohomology HH∗(T , Σ) [Baues–M.’07].

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 108

Arbitrary commutative ground ring k

Over a field k, ungraded Hochschild cohomology is related to the graded version as follows.

Proposition

There are exact triangles in D(k) for all r, q ∈ Z, C∗,r(TΣ) → C∗(T , Homr

T ) 1+Σ−1

∗ Σ∗

− → C∗(T , Homr

T ) → C∗,r(TΣ)[1],

C∗,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T ) → C∗(mod- T , Extq,r T ) → C∗(mod- T , Extq,r T ) · · · .

Corollary

The graded Hochschild cohomology HH∗,−1(TΣ) is translation Hochschild cohomology HH∗(T , Σ) [Baues–M.’07].

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 109

Arbitrary commutative ground ring k

Over a field k, ungraded Hochschild cohomology is related to the graded version as follows.

Proposition

There are exact triangles in D(k) for all r, q ∈ Z, C∗,r(TΣ) → C∗(T , Homr

T ) 1+Σ−1

∗ Σ∗

− → C∗(T , Homr

T ) → C∗,r(TΣ)[1],

C∗,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T ) → C∗(mod- T , Extq,r T ) → C∗(mod- T , Extq,r T ) · · · .

Corollary

The graded Hochschild cohomology HH∗,−1(TΣ) is translation Hochschild cohomology HH∗(T , Σ) [Baues–M.’07].

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-110
SLIDE 110

Arbitrary commutative ground ring k

Over a field k, ungraded Hochschild cohomology is related to the graded version as follows.

Proposition

There are exact triangles in D(k) for all r, q ∈ Z, C∗,r(TΣ) → C∗(T , Homr

T ) 1+Σ−1

∗ Σ∗

− → C∗(T , Homr

T ) → C∗,r(TΣ)[1],

C∗,r(mod- TΣ, Extq,∗

T ) → C∗(mod- T , Extq,r T ) → C∗(mod- T , Extq,r T ) · · · .

Corollary

The graded Hochschild cohomology HH∗,−1(TΣ) is translation Hochschild cohomology HH∗(T , Σ) [Baues–M.’07].

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 111

Topological triangulated categories

Definition (Schwede’06)

A triangulated category T is topological if it is equivalent to a full triangulated subcategory of a stable homotopy category.

Theorem (Dugger’06,. . . )

If T is compactly generated then T is topological ⇔ T = π0S for a pretriangulated spectral category S. Let T be a triangulated category with suspension Σ.

When is T topological?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 112

Topological triangulated categories

Definition (Schwede’06)

A triangulated category T is topological if it is equivalent to a full triangulated subcategory of a stable homotopy category.

Theorem (Dugger’06,. . . )

If T is compactly generated then T is topological ⇔ T = π0S for a pretriangulated spectral category S. Let T be a triangulated category with suspension Σ.

When is T topological?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 113

Topological triangulated categories

Definition (Schwede’06)

A triangulated category T is topological if it is equivalent to a full triangulated subcategory of a stable homotopy category.

Theorem (Dugger’06,. . . )

If T is compactly generated then T is topological ⇔ T = π0S for a pretriangulated spectral category S. Let T be a triangulated category with suspension Σ.

When is T topological?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 114

Topological triangulated categories

We do not know of any version of Kadeishvili’s theorem for ring spectra. The topological Hochschild cohomology of an additive category C is equivalent to the Baues–Wirsching cohomology of C [Pirashvili–Waldhausen’92, Dundas].

Theorem (Baues–M.’06)

If T is topological then any pretriangulated spectral category S with T = π0S yields a translation Baues–Wirsching cohomology class γS ∈ H3(T , Σ). The class γS is represented by the suspension pseudofunctor in the 2-category Π1S.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 115

Topological triangulated categories

We do not know of any version of Kadeishvili’s theorem for ring spectra. The topological Hochschild cohomology of an additive category C is equivalent to the Baues–Wirsching cohomology of C [Pirashvili–Waldhausen’92, Dundas].

Theorem (Baues–M.’06)

If T is topological then any pretriangulated spectral category S with T = π0S yields a translation Baues–Wirsching cohomology class γS ∈ H3(T , Σ). The class γS is represented by the suspension pseudofunctor in the 2-category Π1S.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-116
SLIDE 116

Topological triangulated categories

We do not know of any version of Kadeishvili’s theorem for ring spectra. The topological Hochschild cohomology of an additive category C is equivalent to the Baues–Wirsching cohomology of C [Pirashvili–Waldhausen’92, Dundas].

Theorem (Baues–M.’06)

If T is topological then any pretriangulated spectral category S with T = π0S yields a translation Baues–Wirsching cohomology class γS ∈ H3(T , Σ). The class γS is represented by the suspension pseudofunctor in the 2-category Π1S.

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 117

Topological triangulated categories

Baues–Wirsching translation cohomology H∗(T , Σ) is defined as the cohomology of the complex F(T , Σ) fitting into the exact triangle F(T , Σ) → THH(T , Hom−1

T ) 1+Σ−1

∗ Σ∗

− → THH(T , Hom−1

T ) → F(T , Σ)[1].

H∗(T , Σ) ∼ = THH∗,−1(TΣ)? Can one recover an A3-spectral category S with π∗S = TΣ out of a cohomology class γS ∈ H3(T , Σ)?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-118
SLIDE 118

Topological triangulated categories

Baues–Wirsching translation cohomology H∗(T , Σ) is defined as the cohomology of the complex F(T , Σ) fitting into the exact triangle F(T , Σ) → THH(T , Hom−1

T ) 1+Σ−1

∗ Σ∗

− → THH(T , Hom−1

T ) → F(T , Σ)[1].

H∗(T , Σ) ∼ = THH∗,−1(TΣ)? Can one recover an A3-spectral category S with π∗S = TΣ out of a cohomology class γS ∈ H3(T , Σ)?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

slide-119
SLIDE 119

Topological triangulated categories

Baues–Wirsching translation cohomology H∗(T , Σ) is defined as the cohomology of the complex F(T , Σ) fitting into the exact triangle F(T , Σ) → THH(T , Hom−1

T ) 1+Σ−1

∗ Σ∗

− → THH(T , Hom−1

T ) → F(T , Σ)[1].

H∗(T , Σ) ∼ = THH∗,−1(TΣ)? Can one recover an A3-spectral category S with π∗S = TΣ out of a cohomology class γS ∈ H3(T , Σ)?

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 120

Topological triangulated categories

Combining results of [Jibladze–Pirashvili’91] and [Ulmer’69] we obtain the following result.

Theorem

If T is a triangulated category then there is a spectral sequence THHp(mod- T , Extq

T ) ⇒ THHp+q(T ).

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?

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SLIDE 121

When can we enhance a triangulated category?

The End

Thanks for your attention!

Fernando Muro When can we enhance a triangulated category?