What were neurons invented for? 2 1 1/25/17 To move things is all - - PDF document

▶
what were neurons invented for
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

What were neurons invented for? 2 1 1/25/17 To move things is all - - PDF document

Jun 27, 2023 39 likes •149 views

1/25/17 What were neurons invented for? 2 1 1/25/17 To move things is all that mankind can do...for such the sole executant is muscle, whether in whispering a syllable or in felling a forest. Charles Sherrington 1924 3

slide-1
SLIDE 1

1 1/25/17

What were neurons invented for?

2

slide-2
SLIDE 2

2 1/25/17

“To move things is all that mankind can do...for such the sole executant is muscle, whether in whispering a syllable or in felling a forest.” Charles Sherrington 1924

3

“Sensorimotor system”

4

Sensors Brain Muscles

slide-3
SLIDE 3

3 1/25/17

Lab 1: Neurons and the Brain (and Matlab)

Neuroscience primer: Brain & neuron Membrane potential Action potential Synaptic transmission

  • Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab
  • Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online
slide-4
SLIDE 4

4 1/25/17

SENSING ACTING!

The Brain

  • Approximately 1011 neurons in a human brain
  • Approximately 1015 synapses connecting them

visual cortex motor cortex (voluntary movement) prefrontal cortex (planning; working memory) brainstem (involuntary, reflexive behaviors) cerebellum (movement coordination movement learning)

slide-5
SLIDE 5

5 1/25/17

Neurons and synapses (~10-3 mm)

10 μm

Lab 1: Neurons and the Brain (and Matlab)

Neuroscience primer: Brain & neuron Membrane potential Action potential Synaptic transmission

  • Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab
  • Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online
slide-6
SLIDE 6

6 1/25/17

Neurons send fast long-distance signals

Membrane potential: charge imbalance

slide-7
SLIDE 7

7 1/25/17

+

  • 65 mV
  • The electrical properties of neurons are what enables them to

regulate every aspect of behavior.

Membrane potential aka membrane voltage is the difference between the electric potential

  • utside vs inside the cell: Vm = Vin – Vout
slide-8
SLIDE 8

8 1/25/17

Adding plus charge (positive current) inside the cell makes the inside less negative compared to the outside

16

http://howmed.net/physiology/action-potential/

slide-9
SLIDE 9

9 1/25/17

Spikes!

Firing rate = (number of spikes)/(time) Excitation: higher firing rate Inhibition: lower firing rate and membrane is hyperpolarized

18

http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~uzwiak/AnatPhys/APFallLect18.html

Propagation

slide-10
SLIDE 10

10 1/25/17

Lab 1: Neurons and the Brain (and Matlab)

Neuroscience primer: Brain & neuron Membrane potential Action potential Synaptic transmission

  • Lab part 1: Neurons in Matlab
  • Lab part 2: Brain in 3D Online

Neuron-to-neuron Synapse

slide-11
SLIDE 11

11 1/25/17

21