What territorial organization for a sustainable urban w ater policy? - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

YES - 2008 Niederlaender Julie

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What territorial organization for a sustainable urban w ater policy? The French experience

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Plan of the presentation

• What questions do I want to answer to ?
• How I am going to answer to them ?
• What are the first results of my first analysis ?

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The French w ater stakeholders system

Town, city, commune EPTB Duo CLE / Technical secretaryship

• f a SAGE

Duo Basin Agency / Basin Commitee Region prefect Regional council Departmental council Metropolitan structures National commitee of water Economic and social council Ministries Mission interministérielle

• f water

VNF ONEMA Prefect in charge of the basin coordination DIREN DRIRE, DRAF, DRASS, DRE Préfet de département MISE DDAF DDE DDASS CSHP

NATIONAL

Companies

INTERMEDIARY LOGIC OF BASINS ADMINISTRATIVE LOGIC LOCAL

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Evolution of the stakes

CURRENT WATER MANAGEMENT

TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC STAKES ENVIRONMENTAL STAKES SOCIAL STAKES Since ever Standards from european directives French Law 12/16/1964 WFD 2000 French Law SRU 12/13/2000 French Law LEMA 12/30/2006

SUSTAINABLE WATER MANAGEMENT (governance stakes, too)

More and more complex Against pollution of waters Basin agencies 2015 : Good state Individualization of all water supply contracts Right to access to water in reasonable economic conditions Urbanization Investments

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Which organization is adapted?

How to answer to

Creation of different intercommunal structures technical, economic and social stakes ? environmental stakes ? Creation of basin systems : structures planning and orientation tools

SOLUTIONS EXIST

BUT…

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Which organization is adapted?

For urban services, almost totally free choice for :

• the type of the structure
• the competences of this structure
• the missions of this structure

Separation between services logic and environmental logic

Difficulties of local officials confronting to the choice

• f their territorial organization

Almost each territory has its own configuration

1. 2.

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Which questions do w e w ant to answ er to?

Which territorial organization is adapted to the management of drinking water and waste water collection and sanitation public services ? What type of structure is adapted ? Competences of this structure ? Missions of this structure ? Which link and influence must exist between this structure and the basin structures in order to take into account the water environment protection ?

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What do w e w ant in our research ?

? ? ?

COHERENT SET OF RECOMMANDATIONS :

• adapted to local cases
• to be successful in the search
• f a sustainable water management.

OUR RESEARCH

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How ?

Bibliography :

• Basin structures
• Metropolitan structures
• European and French models

Questionnary for Nantes Métropole Questionnary for the other metropolis

performance indicators knowledges about water management analysis of water management at Nantes Métropole analysis of French water management

• ther

questionnaries work knowledges of workers of Nantes Métropole experience return

Cases of study : Practical approach Theoritical approach Answers to the questions related to territorial organization adapted to current water management

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The choice of the terrains

Two criteria :

• Population : between 250000

and 1 million inhabitants

• Singularity of the structure

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The choice of the cases

Name of the structure Type of structure Water supply competence Waste water competence Integration of environmental stakes and basin management Grand Toulouse CA NO YES considering its population, it could be a urban community Bordeaux Urban Community UC YES : shares it with two syndicates YES SAGE Nappes Profondes Strasbourg Urban Community UC YES : shares it with a departmental syndicate YES : shares it in part with a departmental syndicate Lille Urban Community UC YES: shares it with a departmental syndicate YES long history of cooperation with Belgian Grenoble Alpes Métropole CA NO YES long history in water supply management Grand Dijon CA NO NO managed by a mixed syndicate

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What did w e do on each cases ? What did w e study? How did w e prepare them ?

For each case of study :

• Study of the context
• Questionnary based on three major questions :
• 1. What type of structure is adapted for water and waste water services?
• 2. How must the competences be shared ?
• 3. What are the link and influence between the structure and the basin

structures ? From November 2007 to March 2008

• Indicators table
• Missions table
• Several and different interlocutors

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First analyse / First results

• First analysis by themes of what Nantes Métropole does

« comparing to » what the other metropolis do and solutions opened by the other cases of study

• Presentation of these first results

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How to answ er to technical, social and economic stakes

TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC STAKES ENVIRONMENTAL STAKES SOCIAL STAKES

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Presentation of Nantes Métropole

21 towns at its creation in 2001 24 towns now About 580 000 inhabitants 523 km²

• Transport – road departments
• Urbanism – environment
• Social and Economic Development
• International - Tourism
• Water, Waste water

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Advantages of a metropolitan management

simplification of the landscape of stakeholders in water

limites de Nantes Métropole Commune d’Indre Commune de Sautron Commune de Couëron Commune de Mauves-sur-Loire (intégration en 2004) S.I.A.E.P. de la Région de Nort sur Erdre S.I.A.E.P. de la Région de Vertou S.I.A.E.P. de la Région de Bouaye S.I.A.E.P. de Thouaré, Carquefou et Sainte Luce-sur-Loire S.I.A.E.P. de Rezé, Bouguenais, La Montagne et Les Sorinières Syndicat intercommunal de l’Eau

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Advantages of a metropolitan management

simplification of the landscape of stakeholders in water a larger covering perimeter scale economies means of all types (humans, financial, technical…) in common, better and more structured. ANALYSIS AND INTERVIEWS CONFIRMED BY Study : the intercommunality tool appears like an efficient way to increase the financial margins from the member collectivities The fact that metropolitan management increases : between 2001 and 2004, increase of 4% for the population concerned by a metropolitan management of water supply

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Intercommunality w ithout its inconvenients

Classical inconvenients Lack of proximity Non equitable service

Citizen user Organizing authority Operator To inform, to associate To express it needs To deliver a service To value To account To stipulate, to controll

Introduction of the citizen in a technical and political domain Affirmation of the role of the organizing authority and harmonization of services Solution to

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Which competences ?

better to have A WHOLE COMPETENCE on THE WHOLE TERRITORY OF THE STRUCTURE more coherence better to have WATER AND WASTE WATER AND OTHER COMPETENCES such as urbanism and roads department. some advantages for the coherence of the global public policy a more global vision permits not always the case

Structures responsible of water supply on the territory

• f Lille Urban Community

LMCU SIDEN

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Draft of a solution for technical, economical and social stakes

A metropolitan management A model based on the notion of organizing authority Competences : water supply, waste water management, urbanism, raods department, …

• n the wohole territory of the structure

Economic and technical stakes (more means) Equitable service Taking into account the citizen Coherence of the policy

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How to answ er to environmental stakes

TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC STAKES ENVIRONMENTAL STAKES SOCIAL STAKES

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The basin : natural territory for w ater management

« praised as the ecological and economic management unit » «the spatial unit logic to use » «the pertinent scale of planning »

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Institutionalization of the basin

Creation of basin agencies and commitees Creation of the Local Commission of Water and technical secretaryship for the SAGE District of the WFD 1964 1992 2000 SDAGE ET SAGE 2006 Stronger legal value for the SAGE

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The concrete organization : a more complex situation

role essentially financial or of orientation hard to bring into operation : no contracting authority non-elected members no police power Restricted power of the basin structures Fragile legitimacy Limited influence (sometimes none) limited to the produced documents different logics

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The necessity of w orking on this aspect

A naturaly logic territory : the basin Difficulties for the concrete organization To work on links between structures in charge of water and waste water management and basin structures BUT WFD : more integrated water mangement water environment is the receptor for waste water services and the resource for water supply the local responsible are the principal contracting authorities of the actions proposed by the basin organisms

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Three examples

Example Why this example ? « Neptune » Nantes Métropole Scale of the metropolitan structure SAGE « Estuaire de la Loire » Work on links since the beginning SAGE « Nappes profondes de Gironde » Impact of the stakes on the links

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Neptune

Water supply Waste water mangement Planning for waterways NEPTUNE Basin Agency Loire-Bretagne Treillières et Sucé sur Erdre MORE AND MORE INTEGRATION (WATER CYCLE) NEPTUNE I: Waste water NEPTUNE II : Waste water mangement Actions by basin NEPTUNE III : Waste water mangement Actions by basin Water supply

=

/

1994-1998 1999-2003 2004-

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SAGE Estuaire de la Loire

The TRADEMARK of the SAGE Estuaire de la Loire : the stake « COHERENCE AND ORGANIZATION »

think about the future putting in practice from the project think about the financing of the actions think about the contracting authorities of the actions The organization will be on two levels: entire territory the “referent structure” : the relay

• f the animation cell on the territory

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SAGE Nappes Profondes de Gironde

Where ? In the region of the Bordeaux Urban Community Major stake : Quantitative management of water Two aims To economize water Find new resources Links between the SAGE and the structures in charge of water supply are very strong : The SAGE is the local policy of water of Bordeaux Urban Community The SAGE has means to function : specific tax and territorial challenge Water for alimentation represents the biggest part of the sampling

alimentation 76% agriculture 17% industry 7%

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Conclusion concerning the taking into account of environement

Difficulties :

• For the local responsible of water services to take into account the environmental logic
• For the basin structure to have influence on local policy of water

Solutions proposed by my cases of study Case of study Why is this case of study interesting ? What do we learn with this case of study ? Neptune How can a structure in charge of water take into account the whole water cycle ? Possible when having a comptence in water ways and with a contract with the basin agency incuding all actions concerning the water cycle SAGE Estuaire de la Loire How can a basin structure work on links with the contract authority ? To think about it since the beginning

• f the project

To do a major stake of it To have relay on the territory SAGE Nappes profondes de Gironde What impact can have the stake of the SAGE on the links with the local responsibles of water services ? A quantitative threat on the resource makes the links easier to bond

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Draft of a territorial organization adapted to current w ater management

METROPOLITAN STRUCTURE IN CHARGE OF : water supply, waste water management, urbanism, roads department, …on the whole territory of the structure waterways WITH A MODEL OF ORGANIZATION BASED ON THE NOTION OF ORGANIZING AUTHORITY BASIN AGENCY

• ther structures
• n the same basin

SAGE concerning the territory Contract concerning the entire water cycle To take it into account in its water policy Relation depends on the stakes To work on links To have means (financial)