Water Treatment Water Treatment CE 326 Principles of Environmental - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Water Treatment Water Treatment CE 326 Principles of Environmental Engineering F b February 19, 2010 19 2010 Tim Ellis, Ph.D., P.E.

Announcements: – water chemistry problem set due next Friday

ontaminated ontaminated • c c c_____________ drinking c_____________ drinking drinking drinking water has the greatest impact on water has the greatest impact on human health for ___% of world s human health for > human health for ___% of world s human health for > % of world’s % of world’s 50 50 population population • worldwide deaths due to contaminated worldwide deaths due to contaminated drinking water are approximately _________ drinking water are approximately _________ - - 14,000 - ________ per day ________ per day 25,000 - • ___% of hospital beds occupied by people ___% of hospital beds occupied by people 25 25 % of hospital beds occupied by people % of hospital beds occupied by people • infected with waterborne illnesses infected with waterborne illnesses • currently the world’s population that lack’s currently the world’s population that lack’s currently the world s population that lack s currently the world s population that lack s 18 access to “safe” drinking water is ____% or access to “safe” drinking water is ____% or 1.1 ____ billion ____ billion (Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development, 2002) (Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development, 2002)

World Water World Water • ____ billion are without proper sanitation ____ billion are without proper sanitation 2.5 • More than • More than ___ million people die each year More than More than ___ million people die each year million people die each year million people die each year 5 5 from diseases caused by unsafe drinking from diseases caused by unsafe drinking water, lack of sanitation, and insufficient water, lack of sanitation, and insufficient water, lack of sanitation, and insufficient water, lack of sanitation, and insufficient water for hygiene. water for hygiene. • In fact, over In fact, over act, o e __ act, o e __ 2 million deaths occur each million deaths occur each o o deat s occu eac deat s occu eac year from water year from water- -related diarrhea alone. related diarrhea alone. • Insufficient sanitation of water and Insufficient sanitation of water and sanitation disproportionately affect sanitation disproportionately affect w________, c_______, and the p______. w________, c_______, and the p______. omen hildren oor

World Water • The majority of deaths from water The majority of deaths from water- -related diarrhea are related diarrhea are among children under ___, and women. among children under ___, and women. 15 half • At any given time, almost ____ of the people in developing At any given time, almost ____ of the people in developing countries suffer from water countries suffer from water- -related diseases. related diseases. • Agriculture accounts for more than ____ percent of global Agriculture accounts for more than ____ percent of global 90 water consumption. water consumption. rrigation • The inefficient use of water for The inefficient use of water for i i__________ has led to __________ has led to depletion of groundwater resources in many of the depletion of groundwater resources in many of the world’s most important agricultural regions, and is the world’s most important agricultural regions, and is the world s most important agricultural regions, and is the world s most important agricultural regions, and is the primary source of groundwater pollution in parts of primary source of groundwater pollution in parts of E_________, the US, and A_____. E_________, the US, and A_____. urope sia

World Water World Water • During the 1990s, about During the 1990s, about g g , , _____ _____ 438 million people in developing million people in developing p p p p p p g g countries gained access to improved drinking water, countries gained access to improved drinking water, demonstrating the possibility for major improvements in demonstrating the possibility for major improvements in safe water access worldwide. safe water access worldwide. • At the Millennium Summit in September 2000, world At the Millennium Summit in September 2000, world leaders agreed to the goal of halving, by ______, the leaders agreed to the goal of halving, by ______, the 2015 proportion of people without access to safe drinking water proportion of people without access to safe drinking water and sanitation and sanitation and sanitation. and sanitation. • To meet this goal, an additional ____ billion people will To meet this goal, an additional ____ billion people will 1.6 need access to adequate water, and ___ billion will need need access to adequate water, and ___ billion will need 2 improved sanitation improved sanitation improved sanitation. improved sanitation. • The annual investment required to meet the goal is The annual investment required to meet the goal is estimated to be $____ billion, nearly twice the estimated to be $____ billion, nearly twice the 20 current level of investment. current level of investment. t l t l l l f i f i t t t t

World Water World Water • Within Within ___ years, half the world s population could years, half the world's population could 25 25 have trouble finding enough fresh water for d______ and i_________ rinking rrigation • The study was carried out at Colorado University, which surveyed river basins all over the planet to identify those under most pressure. • It found a t_______ of the world's people already hird li live in regions considered to be "w______- i i id d b " ater s_______" - where there is not enough, or barely tressed enough water to go around enough water to go around.

World Water World Water • Areas at risk Waterways under most pressure included – China's Y_____ R_____ basin, ellow iver – the Z_________ R____ in Africa, ambizi iver ral – and the rivers that lead into the A___ S___ in Central ea Asia. • Most of the water from those sources is used for Most of the water from those sources is used for i___________, not drinking, according to the rrigation study's leading author, Kenneth Strzepek. He says that with rising populations, half the world's people th t ith i i l ti h lf th ld' l will find it hard to get enough water for crops and livestock within livestock within ___ years, and still have enough 25 25 years, and still have enough left to d____ themselves. rink

U S A U.S.A. 450 • In the U.S.A. approximately ___ billion gallons of In the U.S.A. approximately ___ billion gallons of pp pp y ___ y ___ g g water is withdrawn from surface and groundwater water is withdrawn from surface and groundwater supplies daily. supplies daily. 7 • About About About ___% of this amount (32 About ___% of this amount (32 bgd % of this amount (32 % of this amount (32 bgd bgd) is used for bgd) is used for ) is used for ) is used for public water supplies. public water supplies. • Approximately 50,000 c_________ water systems Approximately 50,000 c_________ water systems ommunity supply 80 to 90% of the U S population supply 80 to 90% of the U S population supply 80 to 90% of the U.S. population. supply 80 to 90% of the U.S. population. • On average, Americans use ____ gal/person/day. On average, Americans use ____ gal/person/day. 130 (This includes industrial uses and system losses). (This includes industrial uses and system losses). 4 m • About ____ people do not have running water in their About ____ people do not have running water in their homes. homes. • The split between surface water and well water is The split between surface water and well water is The split between surface water and well water is The split between surface water and well water is 50/50 about _______. about _______.