Water Extraction from Fossil Fuel-Fired Power Plant Flue Gas ACC - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Water Extraction from Fossil Fuel-Fired Power Plant Flue Gas ACC - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Water Extraction from Fossil Fuel-Fired Power Plant Flue Gas ACC Users Group Workshop Las Vegas, November 12 th & 13 th 2009 Dr. Bruce Folkedahl Energy & Environmental Research Center University of North Dakota What Does the EERC Do?

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Water Extraction from Fossil Fuel-Fired Power Plant Flue Gas

ACC Users Group Workshop Las Vegas, November 12th & 13th 2009

  • Dr. Bruce Folkedahl

Energy & Environmental Research Center University of North Dakota

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What Does the EERC Do?

  • The EERC is recognized as one of the world's leading developers of:

– Cleaner, more efficient and innovative energy technologies to guarantee clean, reliable energy supplies for the United States and the world. – Environmental technologies to protect and clean our air, water, and soil.

  • The EERC is a research, development, demonstration, and

commercialization center.

  • The EERC vigorously maintains a nonadvocacy position.
  • The EERC enhances any guarantee.
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SLIDE 3

EERC Facilities

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SLIDE 4

Providing Strategic Solutions to Real-World Problems

The EERC provides practical, cost-effective solutions to today's most critical energy and environmental issues and challenges.

Our research portfolio includes:

  • Clean coal technologies
  • Coalbed methane
  • Underground coal gasification
  • Emission control

– SOx, NOx, air toxics, fine particulate, and CO2

  • Mercury measurement and control
  • CO2 sequestration
  • Global climate change
  • Energy and water sustainability
  • Energy-efficient technologies
  • Distributed power generation –

various fuels

  • Hydrogen technologies
  • Alternative fuels

– Ethanol, biodiesel, biojet, and strategic fuels for the military

  • Biomass
  • Wind energy
  • Water management
  • Flood prevention
  • Waste utilization
  • Contaminant cleanup
  • Advanced analytical

technologies/extraction technologies

  • Pesticides and

neurological diseases

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SLIDE 5

“Opportunity is missed by most people because it comes dressed in overalls and looks like work.” –Thomas Edison

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SLIDE 6

Water Permit Denied! Power Project Cancelled

Water Is the Next Regulatory Frontier!

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Can Water Consumption Be Reduced to Zero?

2700 250 190

  • 400
  • 300
  • 200
  • 100

100 200 300 GPM Water Air- Cooled Condenser Optimum Air- Cooled Condenser

Typical Water Consumption (2X1 501F Combined Cycle)

Even after incorporating an air- cooled condenser with usage

  • ptimization, water consumption

is approximately 190 gpm (273,000 gallons per day).

Are There Alternative Sources of Water?

Wet Condenser + Cooling tower

Current State-of-the-Art Technology

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SLIDE 8

What Can Be Done?

Liquid Desiccant Dehumidification System

Flue gas water recovery system Desiccant based Power plants can reduce or eliminate water from outside sources Fitted on any power plant that burns carbonaceous or hydrogeneous fuels Retrofit and greenfield applicable

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The Liquid Desiccant Dehumidification (LDDS) Process

Water Vapor Water Rich Flue Gas Dry Flue Gas

Desiccant Treatment

Absorber Regenerator Weak Desiccant Strong Desiccant Weak Pump Strong Pump Air Cooled Condenser

Trace Contaminants

Cooler Forwarding Pump Tank

Non- Condensables

Recovered Water

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SLIDE 10

Alternative Water Source – Gas-Fired Plants

2x1 F Class NGCC Across ambient range

  • Evap. cooling adds more

IGCC plus 25%

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Water Content of Flue Gas A 700-MW coal plant flue gas may contain approximately 1000–2400 equivalent liquid GPM of water. Varies with coal moisture. Varies with treatment.

Potential Water Available (coal)

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Pilot NG Test Results

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Proof of Concept Pilot Test Results

Summary Pilot Test Results Complete system with regeneration – demonstrated Natural gas and coal – demonstrated System stability – automatic

  • peration demonstrated

Desiccant carryover – undetectable

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Water Prices Are Rising Example: Rio Grande

$/acre foot

Source: University of New Mexico

Is WETEX ™ Economically Viable?

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Costs of Substitute Technologies Conservative Assumptions

– In millions of dollars – NPV using today’s prices, 3.5% inflation, 10% discount – 25-year plant life – Wet cooling tower cost is $4 million – Wet cooling tower water cost NPV 25 years $46 million – Water cost $0.003/gal for raw water, $0.05/gal for demin. water – WETEX enables $18 million. Savings on demin. water

SYSTEM Δ Capital Expense Δ Water Cost Total Wet Cooling Tower BASE BASE BASE Dry Cooling Tower $26.6

  • $27
  • $0.4

Air-Cooled Condenser $14.3

  • $27
  • $12.7

WETEX with ACC $25.3

  • $46
  • $20.7

Using Rio Grande prices, the savings from WETEX with ACC would be $127 million.

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Commercial Market Vision

93 11 18 33 68 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 2004-2009 2010-2014

Num ber of New Plants

Number of New Plants Built with Dry Cooling

New Air-Cooled Power Plants Worldwide

SIEMENS Market Research

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Next Steps?

Dried Flue Gas Exits Absorber

Subscale Demonstration at Power Plant

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Conclusions

  • 30% water recovery is achievable/50% is

feasible.

  • Potential for gas-, coal-, and syngas-fired

plants.

  • Equipment can be designed and operated

to meet variable performance and cost targets.

  • Water quality is exceptional, similar to R.O.
  • utlet.
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Thank You

“Whiskey is for drinking, water is for fighting”

  • Mark Twain

Energy & Environmental Research Center

World Wide Web: www.undeerc.org E-Mail: bfolkedahl@undeerc.org Telephone No. (701) 777-5243 Fax No. (701) 777-5181

  • Dr. Bruce Folkedahl

Senior Research Manager