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vulnerabilidad y adaptacin: Conceptos bsicos de las ciencias - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Nov 22, 2022 469 likes •765 views

Sistemas complejos, vulnerabilidad y adaptacin: Conceptos bsicos de las ciencias sociales. Polo Diaz y Elma Montana 1 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza,

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Sistemas complejos, vulnerabilidad y adaptación: Conceptos básicos de las ciencias sociales.

Polo Diaz y Elma Montana

1 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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Our presentation

Initial comments

  • The need for a vision
  • The need for theory

and its role

  • Some methodological

considerations Our approach

  • The vulnerability model
  • Vulnerability in the context
  • f climate change
  • Dealing with the

complexities of vulnerability

2 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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Tackling wicked problems

A complex problem that defies a single approach (the need for an interdisciplinary and inter-

  • rganizational approach) and presents different
  • ptions (the need for a a vision)

3 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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The need for a vision: it provides direction to the research

Folke et al, 2010

  • Transformative adaptation
  • Persistent adaptation
  • Passive change

Pelling, 2011

  • Adaptation as transformation
  • Adaptation as transition
  • Adaptation as resilience

4 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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Why is theory fundamental?

  • Reality exists as a structured complexity .
  • Observation is always conceptually mediated

(relationships of reference and sense)

5 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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Relationships of sense and reference in everyday life

Girl Boy Adult Father Mother

6 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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Relationships of sense and reference in theoretical frameworks

Social capital Trust Reciprocity Collective Work Cohesion

7 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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A research process

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Objectives Methodological approach Data gathering Selection of cases Data analysis Stakeholders (consultation, participation, feedback) Outcomes

IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

Theoretical insights Focus: Problem, Area, Actors,

Research Problem

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Objectives Methodological approach Data gathering Selection of cases Data analysis Stakeholders (consultation, participation, feedback) Outcomes

IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

Theoretical insights Focus: Problem, Area, Actors,

Research Problem

Actores Stakeholders Actor social Sujeto colectivo estructurado a partir de una conciencia de identidad propia, portador de valores, poseedor de un cierto número de recursos que le permiten actuar en una sociedad con vistas a defender los intereses de los miembros que lo compo- nen y/o de los individuos que representa Stakeholder Persona o entidad que es afectada o concernida por las actividades o la marcha de una organización

Touraine, 1984

A research process

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For each problem, a research method and design

10 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

Enfoque cuantitativo Enfoque cualitativo

Planteo del problema, preguntas de investigación y

  • bjetivos

Procesos concretos de investigación Tipos de inferencias y explicaciones

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11 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

Enfoque cuantitativo Métodos mixtos Enfoque cualitativo

Investigación monometódica (un solo método)

For each problem, a research method and design

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Dialoging with theory

Evaluate existing disciplinary theories to gain insights that you could use to construct the interdisciplinary research problem. Sensitizing concepts (cloudy?)

12 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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Open Systems

External conditions (other systems A B C D

13 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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Relations between systems: coupled human-natural systems

Oceanos Temperaturas Plantas Agricultura Animales

Produccion de Petroleo

Transporte Consumo Industria Institutiones

Impactos Impactos

14 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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Relations among social systems

Capitalism Patriarchy Educationa l system

Experience Real Nature

15 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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Individual events and general structures

  • Ind. Events / phenomena

General structures

  • Men and women

communicating with each

  • ther
  • Students and teachers in the

classroom

  • The manifest content of a

text

  • An office as a physical object
  • A funeral, people greeting

each other, a meeting of the local Rotary Club

  • Gender structures
  • Norms and rules making the

university a specific institution

  • Implicit ideological meanings
  • The power structures

embodied in the office

  • Rituals creating social

cohesion by means of internal relationships and mechanisms

16 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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Seeking explanation in a complex reality

17 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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Our research: climate change, vulnerability, and adaptation

  • How to deal with future change?
  • How to deal with the present and future risks

associated to global change?

  • Could we contribute to making people

resilient to the impacts of climate?

18 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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What is Vulnerability

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Fuente: Rodríguez Vignoli (2000), citado por Busso (2001: 37-38).

IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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What is Vulnerability

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Fuente: Rodríguez Vignoli (2000), citado por Busso (2001: 37-38).

IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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What is Vulnerability

21 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

S E N S I T I V I T Y

A D A P T I V E C A P A C I T Y V U L N E R A B I L I T Y

E X P O S U R E

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The advantages of the vulnerability model

  • It offers a consistent framework for an

interdisciplinary approach characterized by the use of different methods,

  • Allows for an active engagement of stakeholders,
  • Accommodates uncertainty,
  • Relevant to climatic science, and
  • Easily connects with decision making.

22 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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Dealing with the future……

23 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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SENSITIVITY ADAPTIVE CAPACITY VULNERABILITY

SOCIAL SYSTEM  Economic resources  Technology  Human capital Infrastructure Natural capital Social capital  Institutional capital

Globalización Exposiciones Socio-económicas Exposiciones múltiples Exposiciones climáticas EXPOSURES IMPACTS

Dealing with complexity

24 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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Toda evaluación de la vulnerabilidad debe incluir……

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  • Exposición: La naturaleza y grado en que el sistema esta

expuesto

  • Sensibilidad: El grado en que un sistema es afectado por

esa exposición. El efecto puede ser directo o indirecto.

  • Adaptación: Los ajustes de un sistema para adaptarse a un

nuevo ambiente

  • Capacidad adaptativa: La habilidad de un sistema para

ajustarse al cambio, la variabilidad y los extremos climáticos, para moderar daños potenciales, para sacar partido de las oportunidades y para hacer frente a sus consecuencias.

IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

Source: VACEA project

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References

  • Folke, C., S. R. Carpenter, B. Walker, M. Scheffer, T. Chapin, and J. Rockström.
  • 2010. Resilience thinking: integrating resilience, adaptability and
  • transformability. Ecology and Society 15(4): 20. [online] URL:

http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol15/iss4/art20/

  • Pelling, M., 2011, Adaptation to Cimate Change. From Resilience to

Transformation, Routledge, N.Y

  • Sayer, A, 1992, Method in Social Science. A Realist Approach, Routledge: NY.
  • Alain Touraine, 1984, Le retour de l'acteur, essai de sociologie, éd. Fayard,

Paris, France.

27 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools. Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña

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Gracias…….

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