Sistemas complejos, vulnerabilidad y adaptación: Conceptos básicos de las ciencias sociales. Polo Diaz y Elma Montana 1 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Our presentation Initial comments Our approach • The need for a vision • The vulnerability model • The need for theory • Vulnerability in the context and its role of climate change • Some methodological • Dealing with the considerations complexities of vulnerability 2 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Tackling wicked problems A complex problem that defies a single approach (the need for an interdisciplinary and inter- organizational approach) and presents different options (the need for a a vision) 3 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
The need for a vision: it provides direction to the research Folke et al, 2010 Pelling, 2011 • Transformative adaptation • Adaptation as transformation • Persistent adaptation • Adaptation as transition • Passive change • Adaptation as resilience 4 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Why is theory fundamental? • Reality exists as a structured complexity . • Observation is always conceptually mediated (relationships of reference and sense) 5 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Relationships of sense and reference in everyday life Father Boy Girl Mother Adult 6 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Relationships of sense and reference in theoretical frameworks Trust Reciprocity Social capital Cohesion Collective Work 7 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
A research process Research Problem Objectives Data gathering Focus: Methodological Theoretical Problem, approach insights Area, Actors, Data analysis Selection of cases Outcomes Stakeholders (consultation, participation, feedback) 8 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
A research process Actor social Touraine, 1984 Research Problem Sujeto colectivo estructurado a partir de Objectives una conciencia de identidad propia, portador de valores, poseedor de un cierto Data gathering número de recursos que le permiten actuar Focus: Methodological en una sociedad con vistas a defender los Theoretical Problem, approach intereses de los miembros que lo compo- insights Area, nen y/o de los individuos que representa Actores Actors, Data analysis Selection of cases Stakeholder P ersona o entidad que es afectada o concernida por Outcomes las actividades o la marcha Stakeholders Stakeholders (consultation, participation, feedback) de una organización 9 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
For each problem, a research method and design Enfoque cuantitativo Enfoque cualitativo Planteo del problema, preguntas de investigación y objetivos Procesos concretos de investigación Tipos de inferencias y explicaciones 10 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
For each problem, a research method and design Enfoque Métodos Enfoque mixtos cuantitativo cualitativo Investigación monometódica (un solo método) 11 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Dialoging with theory Evaluate existing disciplinary theories to gain insights that you could use to construct the interdisciplinary research problem. Sensitizing concepts (cloudy?) 12 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Open Systems External conditions (other systems B A D C 13 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Relations between systems: coupled human-natural systems Impactos Oceanos Produccion de Petroleo Plantas Transporte Agricultura Institutiones Consumo Animales Industria Temperaturas Impactos 14 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Relations among social systems Nature Experience Real Patriarchy Capitalism Educationa l system 15 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Individual events and general structures General structures Ind. Events / phenomena • Men and women • Gender structures communicating with each • Norms and rules making the other university a specific • Students and teachers in the institution classroom • Implicit ideological meanings • The manifest content of a • The power structures text embodied in the office • An office as a physical object • Rituals creating social • A funeral, people greeting cohesion by means of each other, a meeting of the internal relationships and local Rotary Club mechanisms 16 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Seeking explanation in a complex reality 17 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Our research: climate change, vulnerability, and adaptation • How to deal with future change? • How to deal with the present and future risks associated to global change? • Could we contribute to making people resilient to the impacts of climate? 18 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Fuente: Rodríguez Vignoli (2000), citado por Busso (2001: 37-38). What is Vulnerability 19 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Fuente: Rodríguez Vignoli (2000), citado por Busso (2001: 37-38). What is Vulnerability 20 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
What is Vulnerability E X P O S U R E S E N S I T I V I T Y A D A P T I V E C A P A C I T Y V U L N E R A B I L I T Y 21 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
The advantages of the vulnerability model • It offers a consistent framework for an interdisciplinary approach characterized by the use of different methods, • Allows for an active engagement of stakeholders, • Accommodates uncertainty, • Relevant to climatic science, and • Easily connects with decision making. 22 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Dealing with the future…… 23 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Globalización Exposiciones Socio-económicas Dealing Exposiciones Exposiciones múltiples with climáticas complexity EXPOSURES IMPACTS SOCIAL SYSTEM SENSITIVITY Economic resources Technology ADAPTIVE CAPACITY Human capital Infrastructure Natural capital VULNERABILITY Social capital Institutional capital 24 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Toda evaluación de la vulnerabilidad debe incluir…… • Exposición : La naturaleza y grado en que el sistema esta expuesto • Sensibilidad : El grado en que un sistema es afectado por esa exposición. El efecto puede ser directo o indirecto. • Adaptación : Los ajustes de un sistema para adaptarse a un nuevo ambiente • Capacidad adaptativa : La habilidad de un sistema para ajustarse al cambio, la variabilidad y los extremos climáticos, para moderar daños potenciales, para sacar partido de las oportunidades y para hacer frente a sus consecuencias. 25 IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
Source: VACEA project IAI Workshop on Integration of Knowledge for Global Change Adaptation: Principles and Tools . Mendoza, mayo 2013, Mendoza, Argentina. Diaz-Montaña
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