Vio le nc e in Pub lic Spa c e s Inte r national Me n and Ge nde - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Vio le nc e in Pub lic Spa c e s Inte r national Me n and Ge nde r E quality Sur ve y (IMAGE S) Middle E ast and No r th Afr ic a (ME NA) E g ypt, L e b a no n, Mo ro c c o a nd Pa le stine Gar y Bar ke r and She r e e n E l F e ki

IMAGE S ME NA Ove rvie w  COMPONE S : Re pre se nta tive HH surve ys + q ua lita tive re se a rc h NT  T OPICS : Attitude s, pra c tic e s a nd c hildho o d e xpe rie nc e s re la te d to g e nde r e q ua lity, g e nde r-b a se d vio le nc e , c a re g iving , wo me n’ s pa rtic ipa tio n in pub lic spa c e s, he a lth  QUE : Ada pte d fo r the re g io n a nd fo r e a c h c o untry ST IONNAIRE fro m the c o re I MAGE S q ue stio nna ire ; pre -te ste d a nd tra nsla te d into lo c a l Ara b ve rsio ns (+F re nc h a nd o the r la ng ua g e s in Mo ro c c o )  DAT D : April 2016 – Ma rc h 2017 using ha ndhe ld A COL L E CT E c o mpute r de vic e s (e xc e pt Pa le stine )  F RS : UN Wo me n, SI DA, US I nstitute o f Pe a c e , BUGI S UNDE (Ne the rla nds), Arc us F o unda tio n

IMAGE S ME NA Pa rtne rs  E gypt : AUC a nd E l-Za na ty Asso c ia te s  L e banon : ABAAD a nd L a Sa g e sse Unive rsity  Mor oc c o : CE RE D a nd Unive rsité Ha ssa n I I  Pale stine : Birze it Unive rsity  IRB appr oval in e ac h c ountr y  F o rma tio n o f Na tio na l Str ate gic Consultative Gr oups (SCGs)

Sa mple : Who wa s surve ye d? Sample Size E gypt Moroc c o L e banon* Pale stine * Me n (18-59 1380 1200 1050 1200 ye a rs o ld) Wo me n (18-59 1402 1200 1136 1199 ye a rs o ld) T OT AL 2782 2400 2186 2399 Re sponse Rate 99.8% 89.6% 99.7% ~100% *Na tiona lly re pre se nta tive sa mple

Pote ntia l roots of stre e t- ba se d se xua l ha ra ssme nt 1) T e nsio ns a ro und wo me n’ s c ha ng ing ro le s? 98 100 89 88 86 90 83 79 80 75 73 73 71 70 70 E g ypt 57 60 55 52 50 Mo ro c c o 40 35 40 32 31 31 30 L e b a no n 22 18 16 20 12 8 Pa le stine 10 0 ME N WOME N ME N WOME N ME N WOME N I f re so urc e s a re sc a rc e , it is A ma rrie d wo ma n sho uld Whe n wo rk o ppo rtunitie s mo re impo rta nt to e duc a te ha ve the sa me rig ht to wo rk a re sc a rc e , me n sho uld so ns tha n da ug hte rs o utside the ho me a s he r ha ve a c c e ss to jo b s b e fo re husb a nd wo me n Pe rc e nta g e re spo nde nts who a g re e d o r stro ng ly a g re e d with se le c te d sta te me nts a b o ut wo me n's e duc a tio n a nd e mplo yme nt, I MAGE S ME NA 2016

Pote ntia l roots of stre e t- ba se d se xua l ha ra ssme nt 2) Childho o d vio le nc e 100 90 80 70 60 ME N 50 79 WOME N 74 40 65 60 62 30 56 46 35 20 10 0 E g ypt Mo ro c c o L e b a no n Pa le stine Pe rc e nta g e o f re spo nde nts a g e d 18 to 59 who e xpe rie nc e d a t le a st o ne o f thre e a c ts o f physic a l vio le nc e a t ho me b e fo re the a g e o f 18, I MAGE S ME NA 2016

Pote ntia l roots of stre e t- ba se d se xua l ha ra ssme nt 3) Me n’ s c o ntro l o f wo me n 100 90 80 70 60 100 95 99 95 97 100 98 50 83 ME N 40 WOME N 30 20 10 0 E g ypt Mo ro c c o L e b a no n Pa le stine Ma n e xe rts so me fo rm o f spo usa l c o ntro l Pe rc e nta g e o f e ve r-ma rrie d re spo nde nts who re po rte d husb a nd e xe rts a t le a st o ne fo rms o f c o ntro l o ve r re la tio nship with his/ he r spo use , I MAGE S ME NA 2016

Pote ntia l roots of stre e t- ba se d se xua l ha ra ssme nt 3) Me n’ s e c o no mic unc e rta inty 60 Wo rk-stre ss c o mpo site inc lude s 54 the fo llo wing q ue stio ns: 50 43  F re q ue ntly stre sse d o r 40 40 de pre sse d b e c a use o f la c k o f wo rk o r inc o me 30  So me time s fe e ls a sha me d to 22 fa c e fa mily b e c a use o f la c k 20 o f wo rk o r inc o me  Wo rrie s a b o ut pro viding 10 fa mily with da ily ne c e ssitie s 0 E g ypt Mo ro c c o L e b a no n Pa le stine Ra te s o f wo rk-re la te d stre ss Pe rc e nta g e o f re spo nde nts who a g re e d o r stro ng ly a g re e d with se le c te d sta te me nts a b o ut his/ he r wo rk a nd fina nc ia l situa tio n, I MAGE S ME NA

Se xua l Ha ra ssme nt: Stre e t-b a se d vio le nc e a g a inst wo me n 100 90 80 70 65 63 60 57 60 53 50 ME N'S PE RPE T RAT I ON 40 37 40 WOME N'S E XPE RI E NCE 31 30 20 10 0 E g ypt Mo ro c c o L e b a no n Pa le stine Se xua l/ Stre e t Ha ra ssme nt Pe rc e nta g e o f me n who ha ve c o mmitte d se le c te d a c ts o f se xua l ha ra ssme nt/ a ssa ult a g a inst wo me n, a nd wo me n who ha ve e xpe rie nc e d suc h a c ts in pub lic spa c e s, life time ra te s, I MAGE S ME NA 2016

Boys Ha ving F un? Se lf-re po rte d mo tive s fo r pe rpe tra ting stre e t ha ra ssme nt 100 87 90 80 71 70 60 60 Egypt 50 Morocco 40 Lebanon 30 Palestine 18 20 9 8 8 7 7 10 5 5 4 4 3 2 2 0 To show off To put the For Because my Because to other woman in excitement friends women like boys/men her place or fun encouraged it me to

E GYPT : Multivar iate analysis - c or r e late s of life time pe r pe tr ation of se xual har assme nt (a djuste d for a g e , se ttle me nt type a nd e ve r- ma rrie d sta tus) 3.5 3 2.5 Odds Ra tios 2 1.5 2.2 2.1 1 1.8 1.7 0.5 0 E duc a tio n se c o nda ry We a lth hig h (re f: lo w) Witne ssing I PV a s c hild E xpe rie nc ing vio le nc e (re f: no ne ) a s c hild

L E BANON: Multivar iate analysis - c or r e late s of life time pe r pe tr ation of se xual har assme nt (a djuste d for a g e , e duc a tion, we a lth inde x a nd e ve r witne ssing IPV a s a c hild) 2 1.5 Odds Ra tios 1 1.6 0.5 0.3 0 E ve r b e e n ma rrie d E xpe rie nc ing vio le nc e a s c hild

PAL E ST INE : Multivar iate analysis - c or r e late s of life time pe r pe tr ation of se xual har assme nt (a djuste d for a g e , e duc a tion, a nd e ve r witne ssing viole nc e in the c hildhood home ) 2 1.5 Odds Ra tios 1 1.4 1.3 1.3 0.5 0.5 0 We a lth: midd (re f: Urb a n (re f: rura l) E ve r b e e n ma rrie d E xpe rie nc ing lo w) vio le nc e a s c hild

MOROCCO: Multivar iate analysis - c or r e late s of life time pe r pe tr ation of se xual har assme nt (a djuste d for we a lth inde x a nd se ttle me nt type ) 3 2.5 2 Odds Ra tios 1.5 2.5 2 1 1.7 0.5 0.7 0.3 0 Ag e E duc a tio n E ve r b e e n Witne ssing I PV E xpe rie nc ing supe rie ur (re f: ma rrie d a s c hild vio le nc e a s no ne ) c hild

Summa ry of F a c tors Assoc ia te d with Me n’s Stre e t- Ba se d Se xua l Ha ra ssme nt:  Witne ssing a nd/ o r e xpe r ie nc ing physic a l vio le nc e in c hildho o d ho me a ll 4 c o untrie s  Pr imar ily younge r , unmar r ie d me n  Me n with se c ondar y e duc ation and highe r inc ome (in 2 c ountr ie s) SIS: F rustratio n and e ntitle me nt amo ng yo ung HYPOT HE me n with so me e duc atio n, re sistanc e b y yo ung me n to wo me n’ s e mpo we rme nt, partic ularly in paid wo rkfo rc e

F a c tors Assoc ia te d with Wome n’s E xpe rie nc e s of Stre e t- ba se d Ha ra ssme nt (bivar iate analysis)  Mor e e duc ate d wo me n (a ll fo ur c o untrie s)  Younge r wo me n (a ll fo ur c o untrie s)  Wo me n who e xpe r ie nc e d physic al abuse in c hildho o d ho me (a ll fo ur c o untrie s)  We althie r wome n (E g ypt, L e b a no n)

Re fle c tions  A ge ne r ation in flux? Yo ung e r wo me n mo re e q uita b le tha n the ir o lde r pe e rs, yo ung me n no t so …  Pushing me n fro m the or y to pr ac tic e in ge nde r e quality  Wome n’s slowly inc r e asing par tic ipation in the wor kfor c e b ring ing re sista nc e b y so me me n, a c c e pta nc e b y o the rs  Building on the loc al sto rie s a nd pa thwa ys to c ha ng e – ma ny wo me n a nd me n a lre a dy b e lie ve the o ld mo de ls do n’ t wo rk  A fe w inte re sting mo de ls fo r pr e ve ntion : Ha ra ssma p, ABAAD  Challe nge s of c ar ying out polic y advoc ac y b ut so me sma ll r suc c e sse s  T om de nounc ing to imple me nting pro g ra ms, ime to move fr c ha ng ing po lic ie s?

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