Vehicle Technologies Program Patrick B. Davis Focus on the Future - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Vehicle Technologies Program Patrick B. Davis Focus on the Future - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Vehicle Technologies Program Patrick B. Davis Focus on the Future Vehicle Technologies Program Transportation Research Conference Manager Program Name or Ancillary Text eere.energy.gov The Changing DOE / Auto Industry Relationship Pre -

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Program Name or Ancillary Text eere.energy.gov

Vehicle Technologies Program

Focus on the Future

Transportation Research Conference

Patrick B. Davis

Vehicle Technologies Program Manager

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Vehicle Technologies Program eere.energy.gov

The Changing DOE / Auto Industry Relationship

Pre - 2008

  • Largely an R&D role focused on spurring
  • innovation. Also supported regulatory actions

– Activity predates formation of DOE in 1977 – Partnerships: PNGV, FreedomCAR and Fuel Partnership – R&D that helps identify regulatory limits

2008 and Beyond

  • Key Responsibilities added

– R&D Budget increased 75% – $25B Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing (ATVM) Loan Program – Recovery Act: $2.8B in grants supporting manufacturing and vehicle/infrastructure demonstration – ARPA-e – Loan Guarantee Program

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Vehicle Technologies Program eere.energy.gov

U.S. Petroleum Production and Consumption, 1970-2035

U.S. Vehicle Market

  • 240 million vehicles on the road
  • Approximately 9M new cars & light trucks for 2009. Average is 15.7 M/yr 2002-2007
  • Hybrid vehicles now ~3% of sales
  • 13 Million cars and light trucks taken out of use per year
  • 11.5 Million barrels of oil per day consumed by on-road vehicles
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Vehicle Technologies Program eere.energy.gov

0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Ref SI Adv SI Adv CI SI HEV SI PHEV10 SI PHEV40 CI HEV CI PHEV10 CI PHEV40 FC HEV EV E85 HEV E85 PHEV10 E85 PHEV40 Petroleum Consumption (gal gasoline‐eq / mi) Lifecycle GHG emissions (g CO2 eq / mi)

GHG Emissions and Petroleum Consumption by Vehicle Technology

GHG Emissions (g CO2‐eq / mi) Petroleum Consumption (gal gas‐eq / mi)

50% reduction fromreference vehicle GHG emissions: 215 g CO2eq /mi Reference vehicle GHG emissions: 430 g CO2eq /mi

Analysis Informs Strategy

Vehicle GHG emissions fall into 3 major groups:

  • Conventional
  • Electric‐drive
  • Combination

electric‐drive + biofuel

Petroleum consumption loosely mirrors GHG emissions Vehicle GHG emissions fall into 3 major groups:

  • Conventional
  • Electric‐drive
  • Combination

electric‐drive + biofuel

Petroleum consumption loosely mirrors GHG emissions

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Vehicle Technologies Program eere.energy.gov

Mission, Goals, Targets & Budget

Distribution of Funding Efficiency reduces oil use and CO2 emissions Federal 2% Industry 34% OEMs 2% National Labs 49% University 3% Consortia 10%

Mission: Develop clean highway transportation technologies to enable America to use less petroleum and lower greenhouse gas emissions

  • 1-

Vehicle Technologies Budget Trend

311 267 208 184

100 200 300 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10

Million Dollars

325

FY11 Request

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Vehicle Technologies Program eere.energy.gov

Hybrid-Electric Systems

Petroleum Displacement through Fuel Substitution and Improved Efficiency Goal: 1 Million PHEVs by 2015 Status and Targets 2009 Status Targets 2014 PHEV: $300 / kWhr 2015 PEEM: Cost for

  • elec. traction system

no greater than $12/kW peak by 2015 Status: $800-$1000 / kWhr Status: Current cost

  • f the electric

traction system is $40/kW Types of Vehicles and Benefits

EV PHEV HEV

Nissan Leaf Toyota Prius Chevy Volt

All Electric 50 MPG ~100 MPGe

  • Cell materials & fabrication represents

about 3/4 the cost for PHEV batteries

  • For significant cost reduction, new materials

with increased energy density are needed to reduce:

  • material needs
  • cell count, and
  • cell/pack hardware

Battery Cost Reduction

  • 4-

$ / kWhr

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Vehicle Technologies Program eere.energy.gov

Increasing engine efficiency is one of the most cost-effective approaches to increasing fuel economy Benefits All Vehicle Classes

Advanced Combustion Engine R&D

Heavy-Duty

Light-Duty

Class 2b-8 Cars Trucks

Targets

2015 Passenger Vehicle: Improve gasoline vehicle fuel economy by 25% and diesel vehicle fuel economy by 40%; compared to 2009 baseline 2015 Commercial Engine: Improve commercial engine efficiency by more than 20%; compared to 2009 baseline

“Support improved mileage performance of internal combustion engines…” – Secretary of Energy Steven Chu

25-40% Improvement Up to 50% Improvement

2015 HEV & PHEV Improvements: Could provide >70 MPG HEV

Advanced Combustion Regimes (HCCI / low temp combustion) R&D Focus Emissions Control Technologies Waste Heat Recovery – Mechanical and Thermoelectric Devices

  • Diesel-like efficiency
  • Complex combustion modeling
  • Computational fluid dynamics engine models
  • Improve NOx catalyst conversion efficiency
  • Develop on-board diagnostics and sensors
  • Increase practical

conversion efficiency

  • Increase durability
  • 5-
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Vehicle Technologies Program eere.energy.gov

Advanced & Alternative Fuels

Direct Displacement of Petroleum and Enabling Advanced Engine Technology Ethanol “Blend Wall” is approximately 11-15 billion gallons per year with E10

2009 Status Targets

2011 Target: Have answer on viability of E15 and B20 2022 Target: Attainment of RFS II mandate – 36 B gallons/year 2009: Intermediate blends testing on- track to finish 2010. 2009: Approximately 10.5 billion gallons of renewables used

R&D Focus

E85 Optimized FFV Engines – Increase use

  • f E85 by decreasing the fuel economy

penalty of ethanol

  • Durability, driveability, and materials

compatibility for vehicles, small engines, and infrastructure

  • Eliminate half of energy content penalty by

taking advantage of higher octane

  • Utilizing turbo-charging, variable valve timing,

direct injection, and compression ratio increase to achieve 15% increase in fuel efficiency with E85

  • 6-

Performance of legacy vehicles on intermediate ethanol blends

500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 E0 E10 E15 E20

Exhaust Port Temperature (C)

Honda Generator Honda Generator (used) Briggs and Stratton Generator Kohler Generator Stihl Line Trimmer Poulan Blower New Engine Trendline

No E15 data for used Honda

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Vehicle Technologies Program eere.energy.gov

22.5 17 10.5 22.5 17 10.5 38.5 44 50.5 16.5 22 28.5 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Baseline 75% 50%

Materials Development

Vehicle lightweighting is one of the most cost effective ways of reducing fuel consumption resulting in a 6-8% improvement in fuel economy with every 10% reduction in vehicle weight

Types of Materials and Benefits

Magnesium Carbon Fiber

25-35% Lighter than a Aluminum Engine Block

50-60% Lighter than a Standard Steel Body in White

Targets and Status

2009 Status: Modeling demonstrated that body and chassis weight reduction goal of 40% could be achieved, but not at cost parity. 2010 Target: Cost-effectively reduce the weight of passenger vehicle body and chassis by 50% in high volume applications compared to 2002 vehicles.

Other Powertrain Chassis Body

Body/Chassis Weight Reduction of 50% Possible

Weight Reduction

  • Through weight decompounding only 20-

25% of primary weight reduction required

  • Key Materials: Carbon fiber, Mg alloys,

high strength steel

*

* Hypothetical Distribution

Weight Decompounding is an iterative solution: Lower overall weight reduces the engine size required, which in turn reduces weight, which in turn allows the vehicle structure to be reduced, etc.

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Vehicle Technologies Program eere.energy.gov

Outreach and Deployment

Since 1987, DOE has sponsored more than two dozen university-level competitions, providing engineering students an

  • pportunity to conduct

Graduate Automotive Training Education

Eight Centers of Excellence University of California-Davis, Virginia Tech, Pennsylvania State University, The Ohio State University, University of Michigan-Dearborn, University of Tennessee, University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana, University of Alabama- Birmingham

Improving the speed and scale of market penetration for alternative fuel vehicles and infrastructure

Focus

  • Petroleum & Emissions Reduction
  • Vehicles and Infrastructure
  • Education and Outreach
  • Economic Opportunities

Unique Assets

  • Local Strategy Advances Nat. Goal
  • Coordinators
  • Coalitions
  • Technical Information/Resources

www.fueleconomy.gov http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/

Providing a new generation of engineers with knowledge/skills in advanced vehicle technologies

Advanced Vehicle Competitions hands-on research and

  • development. EcoCAR has 17 teams pursuing a

variety of advanced vehicle technologies

  • 9-
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Vehicle Technologies Program eere.energy.gov

Recovery Act : $2.8 Billion www.recovery.gov

$1.5 Billion in funding to accelerate the manufacturing and deployment of the next generation of U.S. batteries $500 Million in funding for electric-drive components manufacturing $400 Million in funding for transportation electrification

Recovery Act will fund 48 new projects in advanced battery and electric drive components manufacturing and electric drive vehicle deployment in

  • ver 20 states

SuperTruck and Advanced Combustion R&D $104.4 Million Solicitation

  • Demonstrate a 50%

improvement in freight efficiency by 2015 in Class 8, long haul trucks

Facilities and Equipment Upgrade up to $105 Million: User

Centers, offer expert staff and unique equipment capabilities that no one industrial entity can afford to maintain.

Clean Cities: Petroleum Displacement through Alt Fuel Vehicles and Expanded Alternative Fuel Infrastructure

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Vehicle Technologies Program eere.energy.gov

Summary: $25B in direct loans available to auto and components manufacturers for the cost of re-equipping, expanding, or establishing manufacturing facilities in the US to produce qualified advanced technology vehicles (ATVs) or components. Still accepting applications.

Gen 2

12

Eligibility Requirements

General Eligibility

  • Must locate manufacturing facilities (and eligible engineering integration) in the U.S.
  • Must relate costs to reequipping, expanding, or establishing a manufacturing facility

Vehicles

  • Must meet 125% of mpg in 2005 for “substantially similar vehicles”
  • Must meet Bin 5 Tier II emissions standards and any new particulate standard

Components

  • Must be specifically designed for installation in qualifying ATVs
  • Must contribute to the qualifying ATV’s performance requirements

Advanced Technology Vehicle Manufacturing Loan Program

Timeline Highlights

$25B appropriated for EISA 2007§136 9/30/08 Interim Final Rule published in Federal Register 11/05/08 $8B awarded in first 3 loans (Ford, Nissan, Tesla) 6/23/09 $500M awarded in 4th loan (Fisker) 9/22/09 $24M awarded for components in 5th loan (Tenneco) 10/27/09

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Vehicle Technologies Program eere.energy.gov

For More Information

www.vehicles.energy.gov

Patrick Davis, Program Manager Vehicle Technologies