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Using Performance to Link Land Use, Transportation, and Community - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Using Performance to Link Land Use, Transportation, and Community - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Using Performance to Link Land Use, Transportation, and Community Character 2013 AMPO Conference / Portland, OR David Wessel, Manager Flagstaff Metropolitan Planning Organization Flagstaff, Arizona About Flagstaff MPO MPO created in 1996 525
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About Flagstaff MPO
MPO created in 1996 525 square miles; significant
portion is pine forest
Population about 85,000 Principle city is Flagstaff Several rural, unincorporated
communities
Home to Northern Arizona
University
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About Flagstaff MPO
Strong community support for bicycling, walking,
transit
Bicycle mode share is 9.0 percent Walking mode share is 13.3 percent Mountain Line ridership was 1.8 million last year
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Planning… regionally
An Evolution
Update to transportation element of 2001 Regional Plan RTP Adopted by the FMPO Executive Board in December 2009 Regional Plan update in the hearing process RTP update technical preparation getting ready to launch
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Concept level objectives
Context sensitive solutions Complete streets Connectivity
Area types & Activity Centers
Tied to Traffic Analysis Zones
Levels of Service
pedestrian | bicycle | transit | auto
FMPO Regional Transportation Plan
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Area types
Rural – low‐density housing dispersed within large
tracts of public land
Suburban – medium density neighborhoods peripheral
to the urban core, supported by lower‐intensity retail and service
Urban – dense mixed‐use core, focal point of
community
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Table 9A: Pedestrian Facilities – Guidelines for Use (See illustrations on next page) Rural Suburban Urban
Basic Facilities
Unpaved shoulder Local streets without curb and gutter Not used Not used Paved shoulder Arterials and collectors without curb and gutter Not used Not used Path Significant open space Significant open space Not used National forest Multi‐use trail Between major destinations Between major destinations Greenbelts, open space, parks, recreation areas, drainage corridors Parallel to high speed/high volume roads Parallel to high speed/high volume roads Greenbelts, open space, parks, recreation areas, drainage corridors Sidewalk Activity centers Along all streets Along all streets Some midblock pass‐thrus to meet spacing
- bjectives
Parkway Landscaped Landscaped Furnishing strip Arcade/promenade Not typically used High‐level activity centers Activity centers Amenities: street furniture, etc. Not typically used High‐level activity centers, transit stops Benches, specialty lighting, trash receptacles Activity centers Benches, specialty lighting, trash receptacles, signing
Crossings
Marked crosswalk Activity centers Major intersections Most intersections Activity centers Enhanced crosswalk Activity centers, where high visibility is desired High‐level activity centers Activity centers Mid‐block crossing Not typically used To meet spacing objectives To meet spacing objectives Mid‐block crossing with ped signal Not typically used Pedestrian attractors/generators on either side
- f street
Pedestrian attractors/generators on either side
- f street
High levels of concentrated ped crossings High levels of concentrated ped crossings Significant distances between controlled intersections Grade‐separated crossing Where grades allow on very high‐speed/high volume roads Where grades allow on high‐speed/high volume streets Not typically used (See appendices for more information) Curb extensions Not typically used High‐level activity centers Activity centers Raised median/crossing island Activity centers High‐level activity centers Activity centers
Roadway Design
Traffic management – diverters, closures Not typically used Local streets Local streets Traffic calming Local streets ‐ not typically used Local streets Local streets Arterials and collectors through high‐level activity centers Arterials and collectors
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Table 9B: Pedestrian Facilities ‐ Level of Service Guidelines
Level of Service Rural Suburban Urban None (Rural Arterials & Collectors only) Sidewalk et al Vehicle speed <55 mph Unacceptable Unacceptable Traffic volume >8,000 ADT Minimum (Rural Arterials & Collectors only) Exception for areas of 1 acre zoning Sidewalk 5 feet 5 feet < 6 feet Parkway 5 feet 5 feet ‐ landscaped none Amenities Rarely used Sometimes used Crossing frequency <660 feet < 440 feet Crosswalks ‐ Marked Standard Standard or none Extensions/islands none Target vehicle speed 45 mph 35 mph 30 Traffic volume <30,000 ADT <25,000 ADT < 20,000 ADT Moderate (Rural Arterials & Collectors only) Sidewalk 5 feet 6 feet 6‐8 feet Parkway 5 feet 5 feet ‐ landscaped 5 feet – furnishing zone Amenities Sometimes used Regularly used Crossing frequency <440 feet <330 feet Crosswalks ‐ Marked High visibility markings High visibility, pattern, color Extensions/islands Crossing islands Crossing islands, curb extensions Target vehicle speed 40 mph 30 mph 25 mph Traffic volume <25,000 ADT <20,000 ADT <10,000 ADT High (Rural Activity Centers only) Sidewalk 6‐8 feet 8‐10 feet Parkway The County may wish to require 5 feet ‐ landscaped 5‐15 feet – furnishing zone Amenities pedestrian amenities in these areas Regularly used Frequently used Crossing frequency to achieve higher safety, social or <330 feet <250 feet Crosswalks ‐ Marked aesthetic objectives High visibility, pattern, color High visibility, texture, pattern, color Extensions/islands Crossing islands, curb extensions
Crossing islands, curb extensions, raised intersection
Target vehicle speed 25 mph 20 mph Traffic volume <15,000 ADT <5,000 ADT
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From Plans to Performance
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Painting the Big Picture
Context Scope
Transportation performance doesn’t
- ccur in a vacuum
Using field data, surveys, and transportation models
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Lead with the Punch Line
Measure and Roles Quick Read Explanation Recent and Upcoming Influences
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Current Context Measures
Source:
Trip Diary Surveys
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Measures in the Works
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Pedestrian Friendliness Scale (LOS)
Plan/Policy
No place should be Pedestrian Intolerant Every place should be at least Pedestrian Tolerant Most places should be Pedestrian Supportive A few select locations should be Pedestrian Place
Performance
Lists factors that define walkability Gives scale/numbers/dimension to factors Acknowledges that goals for walkability varies
according to context
Organizes the concept along a continuum
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Roadway Characteristics
Pedestrian Intolerant Pedestrian Tolerant Pedestrian Supportive Pedestrian Place
Traffic volumes
More than 25,000 ADT 15,000 to 25,000 ADT 5,000 to 15,000 ADT Less than 5,000 ADT
Traffic speeds
More than 35 mph 30‐35 mph 25‐30 mph Less than 25 mph
On‐street parking
None None One side Both sides
Traffic signals
None Ped signal with walk phases Ped activated with shorter cycles and longer walk intervals Ped activated to give priority to pedestrian movements
Signal walk phases
None Timed for walking speeds of 3.5 to 4.0 ft/sec Timed for walking speeds of 2.5 to 3.0 ft/sec Uses leading ped intervals, delayed green, or exclusive ped interval
Crossing frequency
More than 528 feet 330 to 528 feet 250 to 330 feet Less than 250 feet
Mid‐block crossings
None Marked and signed Curb extensions, refuge islands Design gives pedestrians priority
Pedestrian Realm
Pedestrian Intolerant Pedestrian Tolerant Pedestrian Supportive Pedestrian Place
Sidewalk presence
None on locals, none or one side
- n arterials
One side on locals, both sides on arterials Both sides of all streets Both sides of all streets, supplemental traffic calming
Sidewalk width
Less than 5 feet 5 feet min 6 to 8 feet 8 to 10 feet (through), 10 to 30 feet (total)
Adjacent Land Use
Pedestrian Intolerant Pedestrian Tolerant Pedestrian Supportive Pedestrian Place
Land uses
Single use Often single use Limited mixed‐use All uses within walking distance
Building setbacks
More than 50 feet 20 to 50 feet 5 to 20 feet Less than 5 feet
Building height:width
Wider than to 1:4 1:4 to 1:2 1:4 to 1:2
Doors/windows to street
No windows or doors facing street Infrequent windows or doors Transparent window along much
- f ground floor facade
Frequent windows and doors
Pedestrian protection
None None Awnings or canopies over entrances Continuous awnings or arcades
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More…Measures in the Works
Performance by Area Type
Bicycle Friendliness Score Transit Service Score Density Connectivity
Interim Measures
Model estimates for mode
share System Performance
Travel Time Pavement Condition
Investment Performance
Benefit Cost Analysis
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Benefit Cost Analysis
A spread sheet tool under development VMT VHT Fuel / Emissions Safety More
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