Union Pacific Railroad (UP) Initial Draft Union Pacific Railroad (UP) Initial Draft Diesel PM Mitigation Plan for the Diesel PM Mitigation Plan for the ICTF/Dolores Railyards Railyards ICTF/Dolores California Environmental Protection Agency California Environmental Protection Agency Air Resources Board Air Resources Board November 12, 2008 November 12, 2008
Overview of Meeting Overview of Meeting • ARB • ARB • Background on the UP ICTF/Dolores • Background on the UP ICTF/Dolores railyard railyard health risk health risk assessment assessment • Process for the development of draft railyard mitigation plans • Process for the development of draft railyard mitigation plans • Explain existing locomotive and railyard regulations and • Explain existing locomotive and railyard regulations and agreements agreements • UP • UP • Present initial draft railyard mitigation plan for UP ICTF/Dolor • Present initial draft railyard mitigation plan for UP ICTF/Dolores es railyards railyards • Discuss next steps to identify and discuss additional mitigation • Discuss next steps to identify and discuss additional mitigation measures measures • Community members encouraged to discuss and provide • Community members encouraged to discuss and provide comments comments
Background Background • This effort is part of our commitment to • This effort is part of our commitment to address pollution impacts on communities address pollution impacts on communities • ARB Goods Movement Plan • ARB Goods Movement Plan • Reduce risks by at least 85 percent by 2020 • Reduce risks by at least 85 percent by 2020 • ARB/UP/BNSF Railroad Agreement • ARB/UP/BNSF Railroad Agreement • Reduce exposure to toxic diesel PM as quickly as • Reduce exposure to toxic diesel PM as quickly as possible possible • Railyard health risk assessments • Railyard health risk assessments • 18 railyard health risk assessments finalized by • 18 railyard health risk assessments finalized by July 2008 July 2008
Railyard Mitigation Plan Process Railyard Mitigation Plan Process • Railroads prepare initial draft railyard mitigation plans • Railroads prepare initial draft railyard mitigation plans • Pursuant to the 2005 Agreement • Pursuant to the 2005 Agreement • ARB provides technical review of draft plans • ARB provides technical review of draft plans • No • No ARB endorsement or approval of the draft plans ARB endorsement or approval of the draft plans • Public meeting to discuss the draft plans and • Public meeting to discuss the draft plans and additional mitigation measures additional mitigation measures • Revise the plans based on public comments • Revise the plans based on public comments • UP finalizes the plans • UP finalizes the plans
Existing Control Measures Existing Control Measures • Locomotives: • Locomotives: • Statewide Railroad Agreement (2005) • Statewide Railroad Agreement (2005) • ARB Diesel Fuel Regulation of Intrastate Locomotives (2007) • ARB Diesel Fuel Regulation of Intrastate Locomotives (2007) • U.S. EPA Locomotive Emission Standards (2008) • U.S. EPA Locomotive Emission Standards (2008) • 1998 South Coast Locomotive • 1998 South Coast Locomotive NOx NOx Fleet Average Agreement (2010) Fleet Average Agreement (2010) • Non • Non- -Locomotives: Locomotives: • ARB Cargo Handling Equipment Regulation (2007) • ARB Cargo Handling Equipment Regulation (2007) • ARB On • ARB On- -Road Heavy Duty Diesel Truck Regulation (2007) Road Heavy Duty Diesel Truck Regulation (2007) • ARB Port and Intermodal • ARB Port and Intermodal Railyard Railyard Truck Regulation (2010) Truck Regulation (2010) • ARB ATCM for Transport Refrigeration (2010) • ARB ATCM for Transport Refrigeration (2010) • ARB Tier • ARB Tier- -4 4 Nonroad Nonroad Diesel Diesel- -Fueled Emission Standards (2011 Fueled Emission Standards (2011- -15) 15) • ARB • ARB’ ’s s Proposed Proposed Existing Private Truck Fleet Regulation (2010) Existing Private Truck Fleet Regulation (2010) • ARB Board will consider in December 2008 • ARB Board will consider in December 2008
Statewide Locomotive DPM Emissions Statewide Locomotive DPM Emissions 7.0 Baseline (without controls) 6.2 6.0 & 4 ) Diesel PM Emission (TPD) 3 2 , 1 , Baseline (with existing controls 5.0 5.0 4.0 2 0 0 8 E P A R u l e m 3.0 a k i n g 2.2 2.0 1) 1998 US EPA Locomotive Rulemaking 2) 2005 ARB /Railroad Statewide Agreement 3) 1998 Locomotive NOx Fleet Average Agreement in the SCAB 1.0 4) 2007 CARB Diesel Fuel Regulation for Intrastate Locomotives 0.0 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 Year
Distribution of 18 Railyard Diesel PM Distribution of 18 Railyard Diesel PM Emissions by Source Category Emissions by Source Category 8 Intermodal Railyards DPM 10 Classification Railyards DPM Emission Inventory (2005) Emission Inventory (2005) Other TRUs 2% Locomotives 11% 39% 22% Cargo Handling Locomotives Equipment 96% 26% HDD Trucks
Diesel PM Emissions from 18 Railyards Diesel PM Emissions from 18 Railyards (Assumes average 80% reduction by 2020) (Assumes average 80% reduction by 2020) Total 250 Locomotives Trucks 200 Cargo TRUs r) a e 150 Other r y pe (tons 100 50 0 2005 2010 2015 2020
UP ICTF/Dolores Railyards UP ICTF/Dolores Railyards
UP ICTF/Dolores Railyards UP ICTF/Dolores Railyards Diesel PM Emissions Diesel PM Emissions Off-road Vehicles & Equip. 23.7 Cargo Handling Equipment 25 On-road Diesel Trucks 18.4 Locomotives 20 11.8 Tons per Year 15 5.4 10 5 0 2005 2007 2010 2016 Year
Health Risk Assessments: Health Risk Assessments: Estimating Health Effects Estimating Health Effects Cancer Effects Cancer Estimated Excess X = Potency Lifetime Cancer Risk Predicted Diesel PM Level Non-Cancer Effects Estimated Number Health Studies Cases per year of People Do: Do: • Provide an estimate of the amount of a pollutant in the air • Provide an estimate of the amount of a pollutant in the air • Predict or estimate the lifetime cancer risk and other • Predict or estimate the lifetime cancer risk and other health impacts – – in this case for diesel PM in this case for diesel PM health impacts Don’ ’t: t: Don • Actually measure amount of diesel PM in the air • Actually measure amount of diesel PM in the air • Gather/use health data on local residents • Gather/use health data on local residents
Estimated Estimated Potential Potential Cancer Cancer Risks Risks in 2005 in 2005
Local and Regional Diesel PM Sources Local and Regional Diesel PM Sources (tons per year in 2005) Cargo Cargo On- On -Road Road Off- Off -Road Road Handling Diesel Diesel Handling Diesel Diesel DPM Sources DPM Sources Locomotives Locomotives Total Total Equip. Trucks Engines and Equip. Trucks Engines and Others Others South Coast Air 300 5,000 2,000 5,000 7,800 South Coast Air 300 5,000 2,000 5,000 7,800 Basin Basin Ports of LA/LB 20 170 40 1,570 1,800 Ports of LA/LB 20 170 40 1,570 1,800 UP ICTF/Dolores 9.8 4.4 7.5 2.0 23.7 UP ICTF/Dolores 9.8 4.4 7.5 2.0 23.7 Railyards Railyards
UP ICTF/Dolores Railyards UP ICTF/Dolores Railyards Estimated Changes in DPM Cancer Risks by 2016 Estimated Changes in DPM Cancer Risks by 2016 (from existing measures) (from existing measures) • MICR • MICR (Maximum Individual Cancer Risk) (Maximum Individual Cancer Risk) 800 800 ~ 180 ~ 180 • Exposed Population • Exposed Population (> 10 in a million) (> 10 in a million) 597,500 597,500 ~ 84,500 ~ 84,500
Summary Summary • Diesel PM public health risks are still too high in 2015 • Diesel PM public health risks are still too high in 2015 • The mitigation plan provides significant diesel PM • The mitigation plan provides significant diesel PM emissions reductions from 2010 to 2015 and later emissions reductions from 2010 to 2015 and later • However, still need to accelerate and provide more • However, still need to accelerate and provide more diesel PM emissions reductions diesel PM emissions reductions • ARB is preparing a technical document to evaluate: • ARB is preparing a technical document to evaluate: • Feasibility and costs of additional locomotive and railyard • Feasibility and costs of additional locomotive and railyard mitigation measures mitigation measures • Provide earlier and more locomotive and railyard emissions • Provide earlier and more locomotive and railyard emissions reductions reductions
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