Types of Soil Tests The Basics: Texture & Organic Matter - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Types of Soil Tests The Basics: Texture & Organic Matter - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Apr 05, 2023 243 likes •707 views

Types of Soil Tests The Basics: Texture & Organic Matter Cation Exchange Capacity pH Macro Nutrients N P K Ca Mg S Micronutrinets Fe, Zn, B, Cu, Mn, The Not So Basic: Soil Health Haney Test W hy do w e test??

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Types of Soil Tests

The Basics: Texture & Organic Matter Cation Exchange Capacity pH Macro Nutrients – N P K Ca Mg S Micronutrinets – Fe, Zn, B, Cu, Mn, The Not So Basic: Soil Health – “Haney Test”

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W hy do w e test??

  • Fertility recom m endations
  • Find out w hat w e have???
  • Change over tim e
  • pH
  • Organic Matter
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W hat Tim e of Year to Sam ple?

  • Spring
  • Fall
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How Should I Sam ple?

  • W hat Depth
  • Representative Distribution
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SOIL SAMPLING

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SOIL SAMPLING

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How Should I Sam ple?

  • W hat Depth
  • Representative Distribution
  • Sam ple Preparation
  • Freezing
  • Air Drying
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W hat are My Laboratory Choices?

  • University of I daho
  • Stukenholtz Laboratory
  • Midw est Laboratories
  • Northw est Agricultural Consultants
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Cost?

  • U of I - $ 4 5
  • pH, OM, NH4 , NO3 , P, K
  • Stukenholtz – $ 3 8 , $ 4 1 , or $ 5 0
  • pH, OM, NH4 , NO3 , P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, CEC ( S) ( S, Fe, Mn, Cu, B, Zn,

Cl)

  • Midw est – $ 1 0 .5 0 , $ 2 6 .5 0 , to $ 3 4
  • pH, OM, P, K, Ca, Mg, CEC ( NO3 , S, Fe, Mn, Cu, B, Zn) ( NH4 )
  • Northw est - $ 3 5 to $ 5 3
  • pH, OM, NH4 , NO3 , P, K, S ( Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Cu, B, Zn)
  • Rapid Test Kit – Approx $ 1 0 for 2 sam ples
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pH OM NH4-N NO3-N P K Ca Mg Na CEC S Fe Zn Cu B Mn % ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm Stukenholtz 7.0 2.9 5.3 18 91 579 8.0 28.5 6.0 1.0 1.0 9.1 meq/100g 8.2 1.9 0.1 12.0 Midwest 7.2 5.1 4.0 22 302 544 1631 186 19 12.0 48.0 7.1 1.0 1.3 20.0 meq/100g 11.2 U of Idaho 7.2 5.3 2.5 21 >20 670 Rapid Test 7.0 VL VL VL

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pH OM NH4-N NO3-N P K Ca Mg Na CEC S Fe Zn Cu B Mn % ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm Stukenholtz 7.0 2.9 5.3 18 91 579 1640 231 23 8.0 28.5 6.0 1.0 1.0 9.1 meq/100g 1.5 8.2 1.9 0.1 12.0 Midwest 7.2 5.1 4.0 22 302 544 1631 186 19 12.0 48.0 7.1 1.0 1.3 20.0 meq/100g 1.4 8.2 1.5 0.1 11.2 U of Idaho 7.2 5.3 2.5 21 >20 670 Rapid Test 7.0 VL VL VL

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I nterpretation and Recom m endations

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Soil pH Adjustm ent

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How Much Agricultural Limestone to Apply?

Depends on Soil Texture (general guide). To raise pH to 6.5 from: pH Sand Loam Clay (lbs/1000 sq ft) 5.0 40 100 150 5.5 30 80 100 6.0 15 40 60

  • Apply in Fall; Retest in Spring
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I rrigation W ater pH

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Nutrient Recom m endations

Tw o W ays of Calculating: Experim ental Yield Curves – P and K Replacem ent of Crop Rem oval – N

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1.7 ppm NO3-N 3.2 ppm NH4-N OM % =7.3

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Recom m endation

  • Goal
  • Supply N, P, K
  • Low er pH
  • I ncrease Mg as % of Base Saturation
  • Suggested Additions
  • 3 0 0 lbs/ acre KMag ( 0 -0 -2 2 -2 3 plus 1 1 Mg)
  • 3 0 0 lbs/ acre Am m onium Phosphate Sulfate ( 1 6 -2 0 -0 -1 4 )
  • 4 0 0 lbs/ acre Starter ( 2 7 -1 0 -1 0 ) banded
  • Result
  • 1 5 6 lbs/ acre N
  • 1 0 0 lbs/ acre P2 O5
  • 1 0 6 lbs/ acre K2 O
  • 1 0 8 lbs/ acre S
  • 3 3 lbs/ acre Mg
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Fertilizer Formulations

10 - 10 - 10

  • 10

N - P O - K O - S

2 5 2

10 4.4 8.3 10 lbs/100 lbs N P K S

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“Inorganic” Nutrient Sources

  • Nitrogen
  • Anhydrous NH3

(82-0-0)

  • Urea (46-0-0)
  • Ammonium Nitrate (34-0-0)
  • Ammonium Phosphate Sulfate (16-20-0-14)
  • Ammonium Sulfate (21-0-0-24)
  • Potassium Nitrate (13-0-45)
  • Phosphorus
  • Triple Super Phosphate (0-46-0) + Ca
  • Potassium (K)
  • Muriate of Potash (KCl) (0-0-50)
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“Organic” Nutrient Sources

  • Fish Emulsion (5-2-2) + micronutrients
  • Soybean Meal (7-2-?)
  • Blood Meal (14-?-?) +micronutrients
  • Guano (11-2-2)
  • Rock Phosphate (20%P and 48% Ca)
  • Green Sand (3% K) + micronutrients
  • Limestone (40% Ca)
  • Dolomite (22% Ca, 13% Mg)
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Nitrogen Fertilizer Pathways

Org N

Ammonia-N Nitrate-N NH

+ 4

NO

  • 3

H O + 2 H

+

2

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