Early Indian Cancellations and Postmarks (1852 1872) Part - 1 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Early Indian Cancellations and Postmarks (1852 – 1872) Part - 1

What is a Cancellation ?

A cancellation (French : "oblitération") is a Postal Marking applied on a Postage Stamp or Postal Stationery to deface the Stamp and prevent its re-use.

What is a Postmark ?

A postmark is a postal marking made on a letter, package, postcard or the like indicating the date and time that the item was delivered.

What is Early Indian Cancellations and Postmarks ?

A study and organizing the various obliteration marks and postmarks during the period of 1852 - 1884 of British India period is called Early Indian Cancellations and Postmarks

A brief postal history before going to Early Indian Cancellation

In 1766, Lord Clive introduced a postal system for official purpose In 1774, Warren Hastings made posts available for private letters with postal charges due to increase in Trade, Power and Political influence

• f the East India Company.

In 1837, a public post was established, where in Government reserving itself for exclusive right to convey letters in the territories of East India Company

Major Postal Reforms

In 1850, great reforms were made, a Director General was appointed with Postmaster-General for various Provinces and Political Agencies. Further resolved to abolish the system of franking and to introduce prepayment of postage stamps.

Sir Bartle Frere, who introduced First Potage stamp in India for his Provincial Postal Service in Sind District (Now in Pakistan).

1852

In 1852, Sind Dak stamps were issued for Sind District, the First Postage stamps in Asia. 1851 Map of Postal Lines, Sind Province

In 1854, the First adhesive issue of whole of British India and introduction of cancellation methodology came into effect.

First adhesive issue of whole of British India

What was the purpose for obliteration mark ?

The purpose

• f cancellation on adhesive

by the postal department is to provide effectively against stamps being reused more than once. In 1852 the Postal Department in British India introduced, as in England and other counties, the practice to obliteration mark England and other counties, the practice to obliteration mark design in some kind of geometrical patterns.

Great Britain France Queensland

Before introduction of cancellations on British India adhesive in 1854……a glance of Hand struck stamps

Rare Indian ‘BISHOPMARK’ of 1775 Few examples of Early Pre-Stamp Franks

Hand Struck example from my collection

‘MADRAS POST PAID 1 JULY 1839’ … in red oval

Hand Struck example from our collection

Bearing Postmark's of 1841 in Black Three Line Boxed …. 4as in manuscript

Hand Struck example from my collection

Overseas letter ‘INDIA UNPAID’ Postmark in rectangular boxed , a Postmark in rectangular boxed , a entire from Calcutta to Nantes via Bombay

LETS START…….

The study of Early Indian Cancellations and Postmarks. The ‘Three Great Philatelist’ who have brought this whole new spectrum of studying and compiling ‘cancellation’ as branch of Postal History…..

First and foremost

The First compilation of cancellation is done by Mr. W.Renouf in the year 1919. The book is titled as ‘Early Indian Cancellations and Postmarks’

• Mr. Renouf (1868–1954) was a British

Philatelist, He Edited the Philatelic Journal

• f

India, was Hon. Vice President of The Philatelic Society of India. His Indian collection was auctioned by Robson Lowe in 1960.

Updates

• f

the study done by Mr. W.Renouf was done by

• Mr. Jal Cooper (1905-1972) and this was published in the year

1948 titled as ‘Early Indian Cancellations’

The Second

He was a stamp dealer as well as a collector. He has published few

• ther

publications too.

The Third update of the this study was done by Mr. D R Martin (1892 –1970), this was published in the year 1970 titled as ‘Numbers in Early India Cancellation 1855 – 1884’. He was a British Army Officer and arrived in India during the First World

The Third

arrived in India during the First World War. He was a member of India Study Circle. He had published many books on Philately.

Broadly the authors has classified 35 Types of Methodology From Type 1 to Type 35

Postal Circles in 1854:

• 1. Bengal

and Lower Provinces, Assam, Lower Burma, Straits Settlements (Penang, Malacca and There were Four ‘Postal Circles’ which regulated the Provincial Postal Services in India

Classification:

Burma, Straits Settlements (Penang, Malacca and Singapore) etc.

• 2. North – West Provinces, parts of Central Provinces,

Indore, Punjab, etc.

• 3. Madras, parts of Hyderabad Deccan, Mysore, Travancore,

etc.

• 4. Bombay, Scinde, Parts of Central Province, parts of

Hyderabad Deccan, etc.

In this Presentation I am going to show you the Renouf Type 1 cancellation Renouf Type 1 cancellation

Renouf Type 1

The first obliteration does not have any number’s It’s arrangements of dots in form of a diamond. Generally there are 9 rows of 9 dots. The common Generally there are 9 rows of 9 dots. The common dimensions are from 25mm to 25mm Usage: All Postal Provinces, Period Between 1854 to May 1855 (Examples found some parts of India as late as 1866)

Renouf Type 1

Renouf Type 1

Large Diamonds Obliterator (30 x 25)

Renouf Type 1

Examples on Four Annas

Renouf Type 1

Renouf Type 1

Without Obliterator

Renouf Type 1

Usage of later period. 1862

Renouf Type 1

Sub Varities – Studied by Jal Cooper JC Type 1b Square of Thin Dots JC Type 1b Square of Thin Dots

Renouf Type 1

Sub Varities – Studied by Jal Cooper JC Type 1c Square of Thick Dots Hollow Square (Wornout)