Transforming Transit in California November 19, 2015 California - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transforming Transit in California

November 19, 2015 California Transit Association 50th Annual Fall Conference and Exposition Pasadena, California

1

Tony Brasil, Chief Heavy Duty Diesel I mplementation Branch Mobile Source Control Division California Air Resources Board

• Significant reductions needed to meet air

quality and climate goals

• 90% reduction in NOx by 2031
• 40% reduction in GHGs by 2030
• 80% reduction in GHGs by 2050
• Up to 50% petroleum use reduction by 2030
• Achieving goals will require a

transformational change in all sectors

• Stationary, industrial, mobile, other

Driving Change

• All possible methods needed to meet goals
• Increased efficiencies
• Cleaner combustion
• Cleaner fuels
• Zero emission vehicles
• In-use controls
• Other

Requires Reductions Across All Sectors

3

• Coordinating: Connecting statewide efforts between

regions and agencies

• Regulations: Coordinated multi-pollutant approaches
• Advanced Clean Transit
• Other
• Funding: Enhance markets with strategic public

incentive and investment programs

• Significant funding prioritized for zero emission transit

Implementing an Advanced Technology Framework

4

• Transit bus highly suitable for

advanced technologies

• Operate in congested areas where

localized pollution can be a problem

• Centrally located and fueled
• Fixed routes
• Government support
• Experiences aid other fleets in

deploying advance technologies

Transit Buses Leading the Way

5

• Low NOx on-road heavy duty engines
• One CNG engine certified (90% lower NOx) available 2016
• More low NOx engines expected (CNG and diesel)
• Renewable fuels
• Displace conventional diesel and natural gas use
• Used in multiple sectors
• Zero emission buses
• Significant technology improvements over past 5 years
• Commercially available
• Costs have come down and continue to decline

Role for Zero- and Near-Zero Emission Buses

6

Zero Emission Buses

7

• No tailpipe emissions
• Are meeting transit service needs today
• Technology and costs continue to improve
• Currently 190% to 420% times more efficient than

conventional

• Potential for lower fuel and maintenance costs

Why Zero Emission Buses

8

• Several fleets adding to their existing zero emission

bus fleet

• Number of zero emission buses operating in California

to more than double next year

• Antelope Valley Transit committed to 100% zero

emission bus goal as soon as possible

• More zero emission bus models available

Zero Emission Bus Market Growing Rapidly

9

Multiple Fleets Using Zero Emission Buses

10

Bus Fleet Operator Technology Type Zero Emission Buses Existing Fleet Size1 ZBus Percent of Fleet In Service Ordered Total Antelope Valley Transit Battery 2 29 31 65 48% Stanford University Battery 13 10 23 79 29% Anaheim Resort Transit Fuel Cell 9 9 38 24% SunLine Transit Fuel Cell 5 11 16 104 19% Battery 3 3 Santa Barbara Battery 20 20 110 18% Porterville Transit Battery 2 2 14 14% Foothill Transit Battery 15 15 30 300 10% San Joaquin RTD Battery 2 7 9 113 8% Long Beach Transit Battery 10 10 251 4% UC Irvine Fuel Cell 1 1 30 3% ZEBA (AC Transit lead) Fuel Cell 13 13 571 2% Monterey-Salinas Battery 1 1 95 1% Los Angeles MTA Battery 5 5 2594 0% Total 77 96 173 4364

1 Source: 2014 ARB Reporting Database

Multiple Zero Emission Buses Available

11

Make Model Bus Type Fueling BYD K7M 30’ Transit Battery BYD K9S 35’ Transit Battery BYD K11M 40’ Transit Battery New Flyer Xcelsior XE40* 40’ Transit Battery or Fuel Cell Proterra BE35 35’ Transit Battery Proterra Catalyst 40’ Transit Battery El Dorado American Fuel Cell Bus* 41’ Transit Fuel Cell BYD C9 40’ Motor Coach Battery BYD C10 45’ Motor Coach Battery BYD K9M 60’ Articulated Battery New Flyer Xcelsior XE60* 60’ Articulated Battery or Fuel Cell

* In development Note: Additional zero emission buses available that are less than 30’ in length

• Fuel cell bus fueling and range similar to CNG/diesel
• Battery electric slow charge (plug-in)
• About 120 to 190 miles per charge
• Battery electric fast charge (conductive)
• Charge on route for about 3 to 10 minutes
• Unlimited range
• Battery electric combination
• Slow charge plug-in, and
• Inductive charging at strategic locations

Multiple Fueling Strategies

12

Transit Bus Fleet Characteristics by Mode

13

Mode Average Weekday Miles Average Speed MPH Commuter Buses (CB) 177 29 Transit Bus (MB) 150 14 Demand Response (DR) 99 14

Source: National Transit Database 2013

Funding Opportunities

14

• Zero Emission Bus Pilot Commercial Deployment Projects
• Up to $65 million available (FY14/15) and (FY 15/16)
• Hybrid and Zero Emission Voucher Incentive Project (HVIP)
• $110,000 per vehicle
• Low Carbon Transit Operations Program
• 5% continuous appropriation of annual Greenhouse Gas

Reduction Fund (GGRF) proceeds

• Transit and Intercity Rail Capital Program
• 10% continuous appropriation of annual GGRF proceeds
• Low Carbon Fuel Standard credits

California Supporting Transition to Advanced Technologies

15

• Zero emission bus deployments around strategic “hubs”
• Shared location and fueling infrastructure
• Workforce training and development
• Benefits to disadvantaged communities
• Up to $65M allocated* from FY 14/15 and 15/16 funds
• Competitive solicitation released October 2015
• Match funding encouraged

ARB Zero Emission Bus Commercial Pilot Deployments

16

* Portion of funds are pending authorization by the Legislature

http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/aqip/solicitations.htm

• Provides vouchers for California fleets on a first-come,

first-served basis

• BYD
• New Flyer
• Proterra
• Conversions to zero-emission
• Up to $110,000 for eligible zero emission buses
• Visit http://californiahvip.org

ARB HVIP Funding

17

• Low Carbon Transit Operations Program (Caltrans)
• Provide operating and capital assistance to transit

agencies

• Awarded $25 million for close to 100 projects
• Low Carbon Transit and Intercity Rail Program

(CalSTA)

• Funding for rail and bus capital projects and operational

improvements

• Awarded $244 million for 14 projects

State Transportation Agency

18

http://calsta.ca.gov/res/docs/pdfs/2015/Agency/TIRCPAwardSummary06302015.pdf

• Reduces GHG emissions associated with lifecycle of

transportation fuels

• Earn credits to be sold on open market
• CNG, RNG, electricity, hydrogen
• Transit fleets can benefit several ways
• If three or more vehicles using electricity or
• If producing fuel or
• Through contract with fuel producer

Low Carbon Fuel Standard Can Lower Costs for Buses

19

Credit trading reports www.arb.ca.gov/fuels/lcfs/lrtmonthlycreditreports.htm

Advanced Clean Transit Regulation

20

• Mix of cleaner combustion & zero-emission buses
• Low NOx technologies
• Use of renewable fuels
• Phased-in adoption of zero-emission technologies
• Natural fleet replacement rate (not accelerated)
• Continue to provide effective, efficient, and

affordable regional transit services across California

Advanced Clean Transit Concept

21

• Flexibility for fleets to pool requirements
• Flexibility for regional collaboration between

metropolitan planning organizations and transit fleets

• Opportunity to recognize greater efficiencies and

zero-emission modes of transporting passengers

• Recognize early zero emission bus purchases
• Recognize uniqueness of small and rural operations

Advanced Clean Transit Flexibility Options

22

• Continued engagement with stakeholders
• Transit workgroup
• Technology and regulatory proposal workshops
• Economics and business case, funding and incentives
• Update Board early 2016
• Draft regulation proposal in spring 2016
• Board consideration late 2016

Next Steps

23

• Successful transition of heavy-duty sources to zero

and near-zero technologies begins with buses

• Partner with transit agencies to meet goals
• Continue to improve mobility and efficiency
• Will use a combination of incentives and regulatory

approaches

Conclusion

24