2 nd CBR World Congress, Kula Lumpur, 2016 Workforce & Capacity Development 1 Transforming of Capacity in CBID/CBR Towards Comprehensive Competency Aligned with CRPD and CBR Guidelines Dr. Gamal Ezz Elarab, Director, Egypt Institute of Community Ophthalmology Medical Director, Magrabi Foundation / Egypt
Why is this presentation? • Wide range of Training activities for CBR are conducted by multiple stakeholders covering almost all areas of CBR matrix. • But how far are they aligned with CRPD and CBR guidelines? • Should a change in the approach for training be considered? • Question to be answered • How to design and conduct training programs that promote a comprehensive approach for CBR and reflect a paradigm shift within CBR towards right-based approach?
How to approach the answer? • This presentation shares a retrospective overall review for a study of TNA for CBR/CBID done recently in 2015 in 5 communities in Egypt.
Content Brief for the TNA study’ methods and approach Discussion to the results in the light of comprehensive approach for CBR Conclusion for future Training Programs
Study Title: An Evidence-based Analysis of CBID/CBR Training Needs in Egypt A study of 5 selected communities, 2015 Study Team: Gamal Ezz Elarab, Magrabi Foundation / Egypt Yana Zayed, CBM / EMRO
Objectives of the Study 1. Create an evidence – based understanding of CBR capacity building needs to contribute to the goal of CBID in Egypt 2. Map recent CBR training courses and opportunities 3. Make recommendations that would support strengthening the growth of CBR/CBID capacities and complement the existing efforts
Scope The scope of the study looked beyond traditional CBR workforce and involved: • Wider scope of stakeholders including: PWD, Families of PWD, CBR workers and Community workers in the target communities. • In depth analysis of 4 selected villages from the Delta, Greater Cairo, Upper Egypt regions, as well as an additional remote location with very limited resources. Out of scope: Key informants from national/district level government, UN agencies, international and national mainstream NGOs would be approached later on.
1 Egypt Map with Study Locations 2 3 4 5 1. Kafr Elbatekh (Domyat) 2. Ezbet Khayeralla (Cairo) 3. Kotta (Fayoum) 4. Geziret Beba (Beni Suef) 5. Manabad (Asyout)
Methodology • The methodology was finalised following a consultation with the Egypt CBR Network. Desk • In-depth community analysis was conducted in 4 review communities from different governorates across the country (3 villages and 1 inner urban slum) using the same approach. Data collection • One additional community remote from service provision was selected. Scarce infrastructure in that fifth community did not allow for applying the full methodology and information Validation was gathered only from home visits and observations. • Validation had run with some members of the Egypt CBR Network.
Approach • 1. Questionnaire, To verify SKPs that go beyond the scope of basic skills typically associated with CBR workforce. • Four different forms designed & tailored to 4 different target groups. • Sections on: personal information, disability definition in the respondent’ words, perception on CBR services offered in that community. For the workers, an assessment was done on their approach to inclusive programs. • Section on specific K & S (22 core topics + open fields) assessed by scoring system in terms of; proficiency, requirement and priority from the respondent’s perspective. Preferred learning methods were sought. • Forms in Arabic & Braille, and coded. • On hand assistance to people requiring support. • Sign language interpreters were utilized. • STATA software for data analysis. • 2. Focus groups Done with accessibility in mind and facilitated by the study team and PWD in some locations. • 3. Community key informant Interviews by the study team using structured but open questions. • 4. Informal observations/visits village walk around & home visits to get more in depth understanding of reality.
Data Collection & Sample Population Questionnaires 137 Focus groups 152 - PWD 46 - PWD 71 - Families of PWD 43 - Families of PWD 40 - CBR workers 28 - Community workers 41 - Community workers 20 68% of respondents completed the questionnaires on their own. Study Tools Interviews 19 Informal observations/visits 20 - CBR programme manager 5 - Village Mayor 3 - Home of adult with disability 6 - Head Nurse of VHU 4 - Home of child with disability 8 - Head Teacher of VPS 3 - Youth Club 1 - Head of closest Rehab.Office 4 - Village walk around 5 The fieldwork was conducted during January and February 2015 and the data was processed between March to April 2015.
Profile of questionnaire respondents Breakdown of respondents by gender, age and questionnaire type M CW F M CBR F <18 18-60 M FAM >60 F M PWD F 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 No. of respondents In total, 54 persons with disability responded (39% of respondents) of whom 26 were members of DPOs / Elected committees
Overall knowledge of disability legislation and CBR resources 90% 80% 70% 60% Nothing 50% A little 40% A lot 30% 20% 10% 0% CRPD EGYPTIAN LAW CBR 2010 CBR 1989 Knowledge broken down by respondent questionnaire Large knowledge gaps 100% 90% identified overall, in particular 80% 70% the majority of people with 60% 50% disability and their families 40% 30% had never heard of the 20% 10% CRPD, national legislation or 0% CRPD EGYPTIAN CBR 2010 CBR 1989 CRPD EGYPTIAN CBR 2010 CBR 1989 CRPD EGYPTIAN CBR 2010 CBR 1989 CRPD EGYPTIAN CBR 2010 CBR 1989 LAW LAW LAW LAW CBR guidelines. PWD FAM CBR CW Nothing A little A lot
Analysis of perceptions of disability • 100% None of the respondents who received training on rights reflected the rights- Prevelance of model based model in their definition 80% reflected 60% 40% Rights 20% Social 0% Medical PWD FAM Charity CBR CW • The majority of people with disability and their families had never heard of the CBR PWD FAM CBR CW guidelines; even those who were aware of the UN CRPD and national legislation. 3% 12% 0% 0% Charity 68% 85% 86% 100% Medical 41% 9% 29% 12% Social 3% 0% 4% 0% Rights
Top 5 skills or knowledge respondents felt were necessary to have National and International legal frameworks on disability and the rights-based approach Concepts of the new CBR approach and inclusive community development Supporting people with disability to develop self-care and daily life skills Using social media as a resource for inclusion Raising funds to support inclusion initiatives 0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% 90.0% 100.0% CBR CW FAM PWD Overall
Top 5 self-reported proficiencies on a scale of 0 to 5 Providing advice and support to PWD and their families Supporting people with disability to develop self-care and daily life skills Negotiating with people Interacting with people with different impairments Raising awareness amongst the community members on issues related to disability and inclusion 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 CBR CW FAM PWD Overall average
Top 5 skills or knowledge respondents prioritised as training needs National and International legal frameworks on disability and the rights-based approach Raising funds to support inclusion initiatives Supporting families and organisations to know how to include PWD Supporting people with disability to develop self-care and daily life skills Providing advice and support to PWD and their families 0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% 90.0% 100.0% CBR CW FAM PWD Overall
Learning approaches Distribution of top 3 preferred learning styles Attending face-to-face workshops or courses Working with a colleague with specialist knowledge Learning Style Gaining experience by spending time with another organisation Visiting examples of 'good practice’ Self-study Distance learning (web-based training using a computer) Learning from other countries or governorates 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Response rate • 18 out of 19 community workers welcomed the opportunity to build their capacity to be more inclusive of PWD. • 70% expressed that they would need to improve their computer skills before taking part in a computer-based training course.
Conclusion • Assessment of capacity gaps should look beyond the traditional way of CBR workforce and involve a wider scope of related stakeholders. There is a need to agree on a clear definition and scope for CBR Workforce. • Competency in CBR Matrix alone is not enough. A complementary paradigm shift is required in the design and provision of CBR training programs to be more comprehensive and incorporate the principles and attitudes to disability and inclusion as guided by the CRPD. • TNA for CBR workforce should utilize a more comprehensive approach in types of data collection and in-depth community analysis. • The ultimate goal should be to strengthen the capacity of the workforce for CBR/CBID in line with the CRPD and current global developments.
Thank you Any questions? Dr. Gamal Ezz Elarab - Magrabi Foundation, Egypt gamal@magrabi.org
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