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Sep 07, 2023 364 likes •737 views

S P A C E A D V I S O R Y C O M P A N Y ( P T Y ) L T D [ S A C ] South Africas contribution to the Netherlands China Low-Frequency Explorer Presented by : Dr Francois Malan Date : 12 December 2017 Stellenbosch, South Africa the

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S P A C E A D V I S O R Y C O M P A N Y ( P T Y ) L T D [ S A C ]

South Africa’s contribution to the Netherlands China Low-Frequency Explorer

Presented by : Dr Francois Malan Date : 12 December 2017 Stellenbosch, South Africa

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the Netherlands China Low Frequency Explorer NCLE

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NCLE: Part of Chang’e 4

  • Chang’e is part of the Chinese Lunar

Exploration Program – CLEP

  • “Chang’e” = Chinese Moon Goddess
  • a series of robotic lunar missions

from the Chinese National Space Administration (CNSA)

  • Chang’e 1-6, all to be launched

with Long March Rockets

Chang’e - Chinese Moon Goddess

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Chang’e Missions

  • 1 : Lunar Orbiter (2007)
  • 2 : Lunar Orbiter (2010)
  • 3 : Lander + Rover (2013)
  • 4 : Orbiter + Lander + Rover

(2018)

  • 5 : Lander + Sample Return (2019)
  • 6 : Follow-up of Chang’e 5 (2020?)

Long March 5 Rocket

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Chang’e 3 (2013) – success

Image: CNSA

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  • Originally: a backup for Chang’e 3

– i.e. Lunar lander + Rover

  • Chang’e 3 was a success

– Chang’e 4 mission expanded – Different landing site – More science

Chang’e 4

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Chang’e 3 Landing Site

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Chang’e 4 Landing Site (far side of Moon)

Aitken Basin

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The Dark Side of the Moon

Pink Floyd, 1973

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“Dark Side”? No, actually “Far Side”

Gary Larson, “The Far Side”

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Far Side of the Moon always faces away

Akash Tiwari, http://astronomywithastrophysics.blogspot.co.za/

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Chang’e 4 : two components

  • Two parts:

– “Mother Ship Satellite” –

at Earth-Moon L2 point

– Lunar Rover – on the far side

  • f the Moon (e.g. Aitken Basin)
  • Launch of the Chang’e 4 satellite

expected June 2018, the Lander and Rover follow half a year later.

Images: CNSA

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  • Smaller mass orbiting larger mass, e.g.

– Sun and Earth – Earth and Moon

  • Gravity in equilibrium

L2 = second Lagrange Point

Earth Moon

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Lagrangian Points : animation

User:cmglee, Wikimedia Commons

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CHANG’E 4 MISSION

  • Dr. Marc Klein-Wolt : RRL / NCLE Consortium
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Science : Unexplored Frequency Domain

Funded through ESA PRODEX program

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Detect the history of the Universe

Marc Klein-Wolt : RRL / NCLE Consortium

Atomic hydrogen emission = 21cm (1.4 GHz) microwave

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NCLE Science Objectives

RFI Characterisation AKR, QTN Characterisation Constraining Dark Ages/Cosmic Dawn Galactic Background Spectrum Low-Frequency Sky Map Solar Burst

Priority

Radio Transients, Crab like pulses

Frequency 100 kHz 80 kHz 1 MHz 10 MHz 30 MHz 50 MHz 80 MHz

Technical Objective Science Objective VLBI with Earth-based, Lunar-based and Space-based facilities Science potential Planetary Science (Jupiter/Saturn Emission) Planetary Science (Jovian S Burst & DAM)

  • Dr. Marc Klein-Wolt : RRL / NCLE Consortium
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NCLE on Chang’e 4

The first in many ways..

Launch in May 2018 Payload delivery: QM in October 2017, FM in April 2018

  • Dr. Marc Klein-Wolt : RRL / NCLE Consortium
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Chang’e 4 spacecraft

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Chang’e 4 spacecraft

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NCLE Science Payload

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NCLE receiver & data processing unit

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S P A C E A D V I S O R Y C O M P A N Y ( P T Y ) L T D [ S A C ]

  • Modular design
  • Compatible with CubeSats
  • High-speed high-capacity mass data storage
  • FPGA processor for real-time image processing
  • High frame rate capability (for larger optics)

Characteristics

Form factor < 1U

Mass

< 480 g GSD 31 m from ISS orbit Image Sensor 2.2 Megapixel RGB Storage 128 GB

  • Rad. tolerance

Tested to 30 krad TID Space heritage 2017 !

Origin: SCS Gecko Imager

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S P A C E A D V I S O R Y C O M P A N Y ( P T Y ) L T D [ S A C ]

Succesfully Flown in

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Deployed from the ISS

25 May 2017

51.6°, 400km orbit. Expected lifetime: 12-18 months.

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S P A C E A D V I S O R Y C O M P A N Y ( P T Y ) L T D [ S A C ]

Commercialized (CubeSatShop.com)

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Modular design

Sensor Unit Control Unit Mechanics Optics

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Versatile “Control Unit”

PC/104 form-factor (~100 mm x 100 mm x 15 mm)

  • Mass data storage (128 GB or more)
  • Automatic wear levelling
  • Error-correction
  • High data capture rate
  • Thumbnails
  • RGB Bayer demosaicing
  • JPEG2000 (post nSight-1)
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SCS Tegu EO-1 shares heritage

  • 2m PAN, 10m multispectral GSD
  • 24 km swath
  • VIS-NIR coverage in 11 bands
  • 1 Terabyte on-board storage
  • JPEG2000 compression
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ADC board (RU/SRON) Back plane (RU/SRON) Processing & Storage unit (Space Advisory Company) Housing (RU)

NCLE receiver & data processing unit

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Engineering Model

RRL / NCLE Consortium

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NLCE Development

Qualification Model integration of NCLE instrument at ISISpace NCLE Receiver at Radboud Radio Lab Thermal test of NCLE receiver

RRL / NCLE Consortium

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The (first) FM Board : delivered!

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Looking towards success in 2018

Image: CNSA

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Some of our partners and customers

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  • Dr. Francois Malan

francois@spaceadvisory.com

Tel : +27 (0)21 300 0060 http://www.spaceadvisorycompany.com