to Conservation Jane Stout stoutj@tcd.ie @JaneCStout Ecosystem - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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to Conservation Jane Stout stoutj@tcd.ie @JaneCStout Ecosystem - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sep 03, 2022 274 likes •524 views

Natural Capital approach to Conservation Jane Stout stoutj@tcd.ie @JaneCStout Ecosystem services concept Outputs from nature that have benefit and value to human wellbeing Provisioning Regulating Cultural : Goods produced or provided by

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Natural Capital approach to Conservation

Jane Stout

stoutj@tcd.ie @JaneCStout

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Provisioning

Goods produced or provided by ecosystems

  • Food
  • Fresh water
  • Fuel/Fibre
  • Biochemicals
  • Genetic resources

Regulating

Benefits obtained from regulation of ecosystem processes

  • Climate regulation
  • Disease control
  • Detoxification
  • Pollination
  • Natural enemies

Cultural:

Non material benefits obtained from ecosystems

  • Spiritual
  • Recreational
  • Aesthetic
  • Inspirational
  • Educational
  • Communal
  • Symbolic

Supporting

Services necessary for the production of all other ecosystem services

  • Soil formation
  • Nutrient cycling
  • Primary production

Outputs from nature that have benefit and value to human wellbeing

Ecosystem services concept

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Approaches to conservation…

Pre 1970s 1980s-90s 2000-2005 2005-present

Nature for itself Nature despite people Nature for people Nature and people

Mace (2014) Science

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Impacts on Ecosystem goods and services Economic Activity

Production & consumption of goods & services

Adapted from www.sustainableprosperity.ca

Natural Capital Approach

Linking the economy to nature…

Natural Capital

Natural resources: water, minerals, soils, living ecosystems

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Social/economic capital

Natural capital

Ecosystem services

(e.g. harvestable products, waste regulation and remediation, climate regulation, regulation

  • f pests and diseases)

Benefit well- being: health,

security, production (e.g. provision of food, shelter and energy, air and water regulation, maintenance of habitat, control of pests, aesthetic beauty, recreation)

Value to economies

(e.g. value of products, willingness to pay for protection

  • f woodland)

Adapted from Haines-Young et al. 2012 report to EEA

Nature/ Wildlife

Biodiversity

Variety of life: genetic, species, ecosystem

Ecosystem processes and functioning

(e.g. primary production, formation

  • f biomass,

decomposition and nutrient cycling)

Linking ecosystem services and natural capital: Cascade model

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Natural Capital

Natural resources: water, minerals, soils, living ecosystems

Not the same as… Natural Capital Approach

To enable better decision-making, when decisions are based on economic arguments

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Nature by numbers (IUCN-NL)

https://vimeo.com/153076408

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Direct use value: consumptive (eg provisioning) non-consumptive (eg cultural) Indirect use value: regulating services (e.g. pollination, pest control, water regulation, soil fertility… )

Non use value: existence, bequest

How do we value natural capital?

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Example: pollination

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75%

crop species are animal pollinated

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30% decline in seed weight = €4 million “value” yr-1

Dependency - crop loss in absence of pollinators Cost of alternative methods

Calculating contribution of f pollinators to crop production:

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€153 billion €14.6 billion €53 million

Leonhardt et al. 2013 Gallai et al. 2009 Bullock et al. 2008

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Food security for 9bn people

Rice

zzwbz.com

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Healthy diet

Smith et al. 2015

  • 2.2 billion people  Vitamin A

intake

  • 71 million people newly deficient

in Vitamin A

  • Diet changes  global deaths by

1.42 million per yr Pollinator loss:

  • 30
  • 20
  • 10

fruit vegetables nuts and seeds

Global supply

Chaplin-Kramer et al. 2014

Half of plant-derived sources of vitamin A require pollination

Fruit Vegetables Nuts&seeds

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Consumer choice Luxury Products

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Other direct use values

gereports.ca www.tourismireland.com

Tourism and leisure Fashion and art Industry

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87.5%

flowering plants are animal pollinated

Other values?

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Pollination is a key function in maintaining diversity in terrestrial ecosystems…

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E.g. fruit and seeds for farmland animals & maintenance of plant communities E.g. pollinator larvae control crop pests

Ecosystem value

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Wild plant pollination: healthy ecosystems for wildlife, recreation, tourism, future generations Crop pollination: economic value, health value, consumer choice, food security Pollination of other plants of economic or cultural value (biofuels, medicinal, symbolic plants)

Value of pollination?

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By recognising value, case is made to justify conservation…

www.biodiversityireland.ie/pollinator-plan

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  • 1. Creating pollinator

friendly habitats

  • 2. Raising awareness
  • 3. Supporting beekeepers

& growers

  • 4. Expanding knowledge
  • 5. Tracking changes

www.biodiversityireland.ie/pollinator-plan

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Download the All-Ireland Pollinator Plan from www.biodiversityireland.ie/pollinator-plan

 stoutj@tcd.ie @JaneCStout SUMMARY

  • Natural capital approach about valuing nature to

incorporate into decision-making

  • Economic and non-economic values
  • Can lead to conservation action e.g. AIPP

Learn more about Natural Capital www.naturalcapitalireland.com