Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Alonzo D. Cook, PhD - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Alonzo D. Cook, PhD Chemical Engineering Dept. cook@byu.edu (801) 422-1611 Areas of Interest: Biomedical Engineering; Cardiovascular repair; Stem Cells; Neuroscience; Vision; Renal Function; Orthopedics

Cook Lab Projects • Heart • Kidney • Nerve • Blood Vessel • Eye • Pancreas

Fresh pig heart Decellularized pig heart

Decellularized Pig Heart

Heart Project • Remove cells from pig hearts (decellularization) • Culture human cells (stem cells, cardiomyocytes) • Visualize cells in 3D inside heart tissue • Test recellularized hearts for function (beating, pumping) • Prevent thrombosis, hemolysis of blood

IPS Cells Beating on Porcine Matrix

Kidney Project • Remove cells from pig kidneys • Culture human cells (stem cells, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, etc.) • Visualize cells in 3D inside kidney tissue • Measure DNA changes after recellularization • Test recellularized kidneys for function • Prevent thrombosis, hemolysis of blood

Fresh kidney Decellularized kidney Fresh pig kidney Decellularized pig kidney

Nerve Project • In situ decellularization of sciatic nerve in rats • Crush injury of nerve • Chemical injury of nerve • Combination of crush and chemical injury • Measurement of loss of action potential • Addition of nerve growth factor (NGF) • Analysis of rate of nerve regeneration • Application to Diabetic Rat model

Blood Vessel Project • Printing cells in alginate gels • Culturing 3D blood vessels • Crosslinking gels in the presence of cells • Modifying gels for covalent crosslinking

Cells encapsulated in alginate hydrogel

Nuclear power, nuclear safety, and nuclear reactor design Matthew Memmott Chemical Engineering memmott@byu.edu 801-422-6237 Areas of Interest: Enhancing the passive safety of both current and advanced nuclear reactor technology while improving the economics, fuel utilization, and grid adaptability of current plants

New Nuclear Reactor Concepts • Large, inter-institutional efforts of reactor concept designs: • Advanced LWR (I2S-LWR) – solve Fukushima problems • Molten Salt Reator – In situ waste removal, liquid fuel • Sodium Fast Reactor – waste reprocessing, safety • System Design • Materials • Structural Analysis & CAD Modeling 1 Turbine • Chemical Separations Heat inlet Pressure- • Design Transients 2 relief valve • Safety Analysis 4 Flash Tank 7 10 Condenser 8 9 5 Compressor Heat 6 outlet Pump 3

Enhanced Safety • Development of Passive Safety Systems • New Components – Compact Heat Exchangers – Core Shutdown Devices (in addition to control rods) • New Concepts – Passive Endothermic Reaction Cooling System (PERCS) – Leidenfrost Pumps (passive water pumps) – Others

Energy Integration Technology • Thermal Storage – Supercritical Fluids – Grid Integration – Transient Optimization – Nuclear Integration/Safety • Thermodynamics – Modeling – Experiments • System Design & Process Controls • Structures & Materials • Dynamic Optimization

Accident Tolerant Fuel Concepts • Nuclear fuel that: – Tolerates higher temperatures – Limits Fission Gas Release – No fuel & clad/coolant interactions – Structurally Stable (vibration) – Easily Fabricated • CFD • Heat Transfer • Neutronic Analysis • Material/Chemistry/ thermodynamics

Bill Pitt Chemical Engineering 801-422-2589; pitt@byu.edu Research area: Drug Delivery I can deliver stuff to the cell cytosol. I am looking for collaborative applications of this technology.

We can deliver drugs to cell cytosol Delivery of the fluorescent molecule calcein using folated eLiposomes and 20 kHz ultrasound at 1 W/cm 2 for 2 seconds. � � No emulsions in the liposomes Emulsions in the liposomes Folate, US, and emulsions are required for internal delivery. Javadi et al., J. Controlled Release 2013

We can deliver plasmids A. Non-folated. B. Folated eLiposomes C. Competitive binding by folate Confocal image of HeLa cells exposed for 2 hours to ultra eLiposomes containing plasmid, followed by application of 20-kHz ultrasound at 1W/cm 2 for 2 seconds. (A) eLiposomes were not folated. (B) eLiposomes contained folate in their phospholipid membrane. (C) Folate receptors were already blocked with extra folate before adding the eLiposomes. Pictures were taken 48 hr after applying the ultrasound.

Overcoming Multi-drug Resistance of Cells We are looking for collaborators who have resistant and sensitive cell lines

Overcoming Multi-drug Resistance of Cells We are also looking for collaborators who have antibodies to proteins Contact: expressed Bill Pitt uniquely on pitt@byu.edu cancer cell surfaces.

MRI Imaging of Metastatic Cancer Sites • Developing strategies to bind MRI contrast agents to tumor cells and neovascularization • Prelim results in phantom tissue shows that we can detect my markers in volumes as small as 1 uL, and at concentrations as low as 20 µM • Looking for collaborators with unique ligands targeting cancer tissue

C ELL -F REE S YNTHETIC B IOLOGY B RADLEY C. B UNDY Associate Professor Dept. of Chemical Engineering Brigham Young University bundy@byu.edu http://bundy.byu.edu

Our Research Motivation = Life http://enjoyprovo.blogspot.com/2010/10/byu-has-ton-of-really-awesome-places-to.html

Cell-free Synthetic Biology Energy Source Heterologous Machinery In vitro (cell-free) Amino Acids DNA Messenger E. coli New Peptide RNA RNA Polym- erase Ribo- Ribo- some some Direct Access = Optimization, Transport, No toxicity Smith MT, Wilding KM, Hunt JM, Bennett AM, Bundy BC. 2014. The Emerging Impact of Cell-free Synthetic Biology. FEBS Letters. 588(15):2755-2761.

Cell-free Research Projects RNApol Ribosome mRNA Genetic Recoding: w/ Unnatural DNA Amino Acids Nascent Polypeptide Biosensors “Just Add Water” Therapeutics VLP: Vaccines, Biocatalysts: Imaging, Catalysts Immobilization, PEGylation Excited about creating or joining research teams!

Interdisciplinary Communication: Precision vs Understanding Joseph Ekstrom Information Technology School of Technology jekstrom@byu.edu (801) 422-1839 Areas of Interest: Terminology management, network and systems management, distributed computing, system modeling and architecture, system development, information assurance, penetration testing and IT curriculum and development

Plato’s Academy

The Western University

Are they inevitable?

Communities of Interest • Form around a common interest • Evolve a vocabulary to communicate about that interest • Codify that common vocabulary, often in a glossary • Reuse terms that are “close” • Invent multi-word terms which become acronyms • Specialize meanings (Consider the word process in your discipline) • Create a new silo

Can Technology Help? • Libraries no longer have walls. • Information is a click away. • Are there ways to facilitate sharing terminology? • Are there tools to help us identify conflicting terminology? • Is it possible to avoid “violent agreement” in interdisciplinary meetings?

Termediator.byu.edu • Prototype for “terminological mediation” • 500 Glossaries • 18 Domains (communities of interest) • 50000 Terms • 80000 Definitions • Mean 1.7 terms/definition • Some more than 100 terms/definition • Most common are universal terms • Some are very polysemous (many meanings) • How many are synonymous?

Interested? • Point us to a glossary • Help us put glossaries into normalized form (XML) • Help us improve the quality of the corpus • Help us imagine tools • Help us implement tools • Help us test tools

Speed Network 2015 Analog/Mixed Signal Integrated Circuits Shiuh-hua Wood Chiang Assistant Professor Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 801-422-6749 wochiang@byu.edu

Does Your Lab Look Like This? 36

Does Your Lab Look Like This? Advantages of going integrated: • Smaller size • Less power • Higher precision and speed 37

Ultra Low-Noise Ion Detector Collaborators: Dr. Hawkins, Dr. Milton Lee, PerkinElmer • Gain: 80 dB • Input-referred noise voltage: 17 uV rms • Detects <100 electron charge 38

Ultra Low-Power SAR ADC Yau Liu Chang Hershberg This work ISSCC 2014 VLSI 2010 VLSI 2011 VLSI 2013 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 Tech (um) Speed 0.004 10 0.031 20 10 (MHz) 59.3 60.3 45.1 75.9 53.4 SNDR (dB) 0.031 98 0.087 2960 27.5 Power (uW) FoM 10.3 11.6 18.9 29.0 7.19 (fJ/conv- step) 39

3d printed microfluidics Gregory P. Nordin Electrical and Computer Engineering nordin@byu.edu (801) 422-1863 Areas of Interest: 3D printed microfluidics, biological and chemical sensors, nanophotonics and integrated optics, micro- and nanofabrication, MEMS, and microfluidics