[PPT] - THIRTYFIVE YEARS OF THIRTYFIVE YEARS OF APPLICATION OF APPLICATION PowerPoint Presentation

SLIDE 1

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006 1

THIRTYFIVE YEARS OF THIRTYFIVE YEARS OF APPLICATION OF APPLICATION OF MICROPILES IN AUSTRIA MICROPILES IN AUSTRIA

Manfred FROSS Manfred FROSS Dipl. Dipl.-

Ing.
Ing. Dr.techn

Dr.techn., ., Ass.Prof.i.R Ass.Prof.i.R. . Geotechnical Geotechnical Consultant Consultant Vienna Vienna, , Austria Austria

SLIDE 2

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 2 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

CONTENTS CONTENTS

Introduction

Introduction

Types

Types of

f micropiles

micropiles used used in in Austria Austria, ,

8

8 examples examples of

f applications

applications of

f micropiles

micropiles in in Austria Austria between between 1971 and 2005 1971 and 2005

Activities

Activities in in Austria Austria to to promote promote the the use use of

f

micropiles micropiles

Closing

Closing remarks remarks

SLIDE 3

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 3 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Types Types of

f

micropiles micropiles used used in in Austria Austria in in the the period period first first from from 1971 1971 until until about about 1980 1980

SLIDE 4

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 4 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

8 8 examples examples of

f application

application of

f

micropiles micropiles in in Austria Austria 1971 1971 -

2005

2005

1) 1) Kläranalage Kläranalage GÜSSING/Burgenland 1971/72 GÜSSING/Burgenland 1971/72 2) ÖBB 2) ÖBB-

Brücke Südtirolerplatz

Brücke Südtirolerplatz – –U 1/ U 1/Vienna Vienna 1972/73 1972/73 3) Haus REISCH Schwarzsee bei KITZBÜHEL/ 3) Haus REISCH Schwarzsee bei KITZBÜHEL/Tyrol Tyrol 1974/75 1974/75 4) Halle DONAUPLASTIK 4) Halle DONAUPLASTIK Auhof Auhof/ /Vienna Vienna 1976/77 1976/77 5) Freibad WILDSCHÖNAU/ 5) Freibad WILDSCHÖNAU/Tyrol Tyrol 1979/80 1979/80 6) Waldsiedlung BISAMBERG/ 6) Waldsiedlung BISAMBERG/Lower Lower Austria Austria 1992/94 1992/94 7) Kurzentrum BAD SAUERBRUNN/Burgenland 2001/02 7) Kurzentrum BAD SAUERBRUNN/Burgenland 2001/02 8) Tunnel RANNERSDORF S 1/ 8) Tunnel RANNERSDORF S 1/Lower Lower Austria Austria 2004/05 2004/05 Examples Examples 1 to 3: Type “Wurzelpfahl“, 1 to 3: Type “Wurzelpfahl“, examples examples 4 to 6: Type 4 to 6: Type GEWI GEWI-

piles

piles, , Example Example 7: 7: type type DUKTIl DUKTIl-

piles

piles, , example example 8: 8: GEWI GEWI-

tension

tension-

piles

piles. .

SLIDE 5

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 5 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

EXAMPLE No. 1 EXAMPLE No. 1

A

A new new sewage sewage tank of Kläranlage tank of Kläranlage GÜSSING/Burgenland (10 m GÜSSING/Burgenland (10 m diameter diameter, 13 m high) , 13 m high) was was built built without without any any soil soil investigation investigation, , founded founded on a

n a

spread spread foundation foundation ( (slab slab). ).

After a

After a first first test test filling filling with with water water an an inclination inclination with with a a differential differential settlement settlement of 25 cm

f 25 cm occured
ccured.

.

Supplementary

Supplementary investigation investigation borings borings showed showed a a layer layer of

f

peat peat in in one

ne borehole

borehole in a in a depth depth of 7 m to 8 m.

f 7 m to 8 m.
Rehabilitation (

Rehabilitation (underpinning underpinning) was ) was performed performed by by 16 16 micropiles micropiles ( (type type Wurzelpfahl), Wurzelpfahl), the the first first application application of

f

micropiles micropiles in in Austria Austria, , execution execution in in winter winter 1972. 1972.

SLIDE 6

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 6 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Section Section through through the the sewage sewage tank tank with with differntial differntial settlements settlements of 25 cm

f 25 cm

SLIDE 7

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 7 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Results Results of 2

f 2

supplementary supplementary borings borings

SLIDE 8

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 8 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Rehabilitation of Rehabilitation of the the sewage sewage tank tank with with 16 16 micropiles micropiles ( (type type „Wurzelpfahl“) „Wurzelpfahl“)

SLIDE 9

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 9 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 10

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 10 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

EXAMPLE No. 2 EXAMPLE No. 2

The

The footings footings of a

f a railway

railway bridge bridge in VIENNA in VIENNA close close to „Südbahnhof“ to „Südbahnhof“ were were strengthened strengthened by by micropiles micropiles ( (type type Wurzelpfahl) Wurzelpfahl) prior prior to to tunneling tunneling works works of

f

Vienna Vienna metro metro line line U 1 ( U 1 (tunnel tunnel construction construction of

f the

the 2 2 tubes tubes with with BADE BADE shield shield machine machine) in 1972/73. ) in 1972/73.

It

It was was the the first first application application of

f micropiles

micropiles for for a a public public building building in a in a cooperation cooperation of

f the

the building building authorities authorities of

f Vienna

Vienna with with Austrian Austrian railways railways (ÖBB). (ÖBB).

Displacements

Displacements during during piling piling and and tunneling tunneling works works were were only

nly 4 mm to 7 mm.

4 mm to 7 mm.

SLIDE 11

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 11 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Cross Cross section section through through the the railway railway bridge bridge and and the the metro metro tunnels tunnels of U 1

f U 1

Time Time – –settlement settlement behaviour behaviour during during piling piling and and tunneling tunneling works works

SLIDE 12

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 12 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

EXAMPLE No. 3 EXAMPLE No. 3

A

A new new house house (double (double bungalow bungalow) ) near near KITZBÜHEL/ KITZBÜHEL/Tyrol Tyrol close close to to lake lake SCHWARZSEE SCHWARZSEE built built 1974 was 1974 was founded founded on a

n a spread

spread foundation foundation ( (reinforced reinforced concrete concrete slab slab d = 30 cm) on a d = 30 cm) on a compacted compacted fill fill of

f coarse

coarse material. No

material. No soil

soil investigations investigations were were done done. .

Just

Just before before finishing finishing this this house house differential differential settlements settlements

f
f about

about 35 cm (!) 35 cm (!) occured

ccured.

.

Supplementary

Supplementary soil soil investigation investigation showed showed a a lense lense-

like

like layer layer of

f very

very soft soft peat peat between between a a depth depth of 3 m to 5 m.

f 3 m to 5 m.
Rehabilitation (

Rehabilitation (underpinning underpinning ) was ) was performed performed 1975 1975 by by 21 21 micropiles micropiles ( (type type Wurzelpfahl), Wurzelpfahl), bored bored through through the the foundation foundation slab slab. .

SLIDE 13

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 13 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 14

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 14 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Time Time-

dependant

dependant settlement settlement-

behaviour

behaviour

f
f the

the building building before before and and after after the the underpinning underpinning with with micropiles micropiles

SLIDE 15

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 15 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

EXAMPLE No. 4 EXAMPLE No. 4

An

An new new industrial industrial building building in in Vienna Vienna ( (prefabricated prefabricated reinforced reinforced concrete concrete elements elements) ) founded founded on

n rather

rather small small single single footings footings showed showed differential differential settlements settlements already already during during construction construction work work. .

A

A loose loose fill fill of

f course

course soil soil material ( material (sandy sandy gravel gravel) was ) was not not recognized recognized as a as a fill fill because because of

f insufficient

insufficient in in-

situ

situ soil soil investigation investigation. .

Rehabilitation (

Rehabilitation (underpinning underpinning) was ) was performed performed by by micropiles micropiles 1976/77. 1976/77. It It was was the the first first application application of

f the

the type type GEWI GEWI-

pile

pile in in Austria Austria. .

SLIDE 16

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 16 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 17

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 17 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Equipment Equipment for for the the installation installation of

f the

the GEWI GEWI-

piles

piles in in 1976/77 1976/77

SLIDE 18

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 18 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

EXAMPLE No. 5 EXAMPLE No. 5

Freischwimmbad WILDSCHÖNAU/

Freischwimmbad WILDSCHÖNAU/Tyrol Tyrol built built 1978/79 1978/79 without without any any soil soil investigation investigation on

n spread

spread footings footings only

nly with

with an an exchange exchange of

f the

the upper upper soil soil layers layers against against a a very very coarse coarse fill fill of

f crushed

crushed rock material. rock material.

2

2 swimming swimming pools pools showed showed differential differential settlements settlements of

f

more more 25 and 30 cm , a 25 and 30 cm , a restaurant restaurant building building about about 18 cm. 18 cm.

Supplementary

Supplementary investigation investigation borings borings showed showed layers layers of

f

peat peat to a to a depth depth of 12 m

f 12 m below

below the the surface surface. .

Rehabilitation of

Rehabilitation of the the swimming swimming pools pools ( (stainless stainless steel steel) ) was was performed performed by by driven driven precast precast reinforced reinforced concrete concrete piles piles, , rehabilitation rehabilitation ( (underpinning underpinning) of ) of the the restaurant restaurant building building was was performed performed by by micropiles micropiles ( (type type GEWI GEWI-

pile

pile with with double double corrosion corrosion protection protection) in ) in winter winter 1979/80. 1979/80.

SLIDE 19

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 19 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 20

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 20 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Time Time-

dependant

dependant settlement settlement behaviour behaviour before before and and after after underpinning underpinning with with GEWI GEWI-

piles

piles. .

SLIDE 21

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 21 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Installation of Installation of the the GEWI GEWI-

piles

piles in in winter winter 1979/80 1979/80

SLIDE 22

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 22 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

EXAMPLE No. 6 EXAMPLE No. 6

Waldsiedlung BISAMBERG/NÖ

Waldsiedlung BISAMBERG/NÖ north north of

f Vienna

Vienna, , built built 1992 1992 without without any any soil soil investigation investigation. .

2

2 new new houses houses on

n spread

spread foundations foundations showed showed differential differential settlements settlements of 12 cm and 5 cm and a lot of

f 12 cm and 5 cm and a lot of

cracks cracks. . This This settlements settlements were were caused caused by by a a small small natural natural trench trench filled filled with with loose loose, , partly partly organic

rganic material (

material (roots roots etc.) etc.) without without any any compaction compaction. .

Rehabilitation (

Rehabilitation (underpinning underpinning) was ) was performed performed 1994 1994 by by micropiles micropiles ( (type type GEWI GEWI-

pile

pile) ) with with special special construction construction

f
f the

the pile pile heads heads with with additional additional reinforcement reinforcement ( (against against bending bending moments moments) and ) and HILTI HILTI-

dowels

dowels sticked sticked with with a a paste paste of

f synthetic

synthetic resin resin to to the the existing existing walls walls. .

SLIDE 23

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 23 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Ground Ground plan of plan of the the houses houses

SLIDE 24

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 24 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 25

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 25 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

EXAMPLE No. 7 EXAMPLE No. 7

Foundation

Foundation of a

f a new

new building building of

f sanatorium

sanatorium Kurzentrum Bad Kurzentrum Bad Sauerbrunn Sauerbrunn/Burgenland /Burgenland

n
n DUKTIL

DUKTIL-

Piles

Piles 2001/2002. 2001/2002.

Soil

Soil conditions conditions were were rather rather difficult difficult: : young young deposits deposits with with intermediate intermediate layers layers of

f peat

peat an soft an soft silt silt. .

Higher

Higher existing existing buildings buildings were were founded founded on large

n large

diameter diameter bored bored piles piles about about 25 25 years years ago ago. .

A

A flat flat building building of

f this

this sanatorium sanatorium was was founded founded on

n

a a spread spread foundation foundation and and had had to to be be underpinned underpinned by by micropiles micropiles ( (type type „ „ROPRESS ROPRESS-

Pile

Pile“) “) after after differential differential settlements settlements of

f more

more than than 12 cm 12 cm already already soon soon after after construction construction in 1984. in 1984.

SLIDE 26

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 26 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Elements of Elements of the the DUKTIL DUKTIL – – Pile Pile, , driving driving machine machine with with high high speed speed -

hydraulic

hydraulic hammer hammer

SLIDE 27

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 27 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

DUKTIL DUKTIL – – Pile Pile ( (displacement displacement pile pile) ) diameters diameters, , thickness thickness of

f walls

walls of

f the

the tubes tubes, , design design loads loads

SLIDE 28

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 28 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 29

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 29 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 30

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 30 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

EXAMPLE No. 8 EXAMPLE No. 8

Tunnel

Tunnel Rannersdorf Rannersdorf, , about about 1,9 km in 1,9 km in length length, , part part of

f

new new highway highway S 1 „Wiener Außenring Schnellstraße“ in S 1 „Wiener Außenring Schnellstraße“ in the the south south and and southeast southeast of

f the

the city city of

f Vienna

Vienna, , close close to to Vienna Vienna International Airport Schwechat. International Airport Schwechat.

Construction of

Construction of the the tunnel tunnel in in open

pen excavation

excavation with with sheet sheet pile pile walls walls, , underwater underwater concrete concrete slab slab, , stabilized stabilized against against uplift uplift due due to high to high groundwater groundwater by by micropiles micropiles ( (type type GEWI GEWI tension tension piles piles). ).

Execution

Execution of

f more

more than than 1200 GEWI 1200 GEWI piles piles 2004/2005. 2004/2005.

The

The higway higway was was opened

pened for

for traffic traffic on April 28th, 2006.

n April 28th, 2006.

SLIDE 31

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 31 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 32

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 32 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 33

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 33 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Tunnel Tunnel Rannersdorf Rannersdorf, , longitudinal longitudinal geological geological-

geotechnical

geotechnical profile profile

SLIDE 34

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 34 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 35

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 35 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Cross Cross-

sections

sections of

f the

the tunnel tunnel

SLIDE 36

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 36 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Model Model according according to ÖNORM to ÖNORM B 4435 B 4435-

2:1999

2:1999-

04,

04, Section Section 8, Fig.16 c) 8, Fig.16 c)

SLIDE 37

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 37 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Model Model according according to DIN 1054:2003 to DIN 1054:2003-

01,

01, Section Section 8.5.4, Fig.2, 8.5.4, Fig.2, for for a a single single tension tension pile pile

SLIDE 38

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 38 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Models Models according according to to EUROCODE EUROCODE 7 7-

1,

1, Section Section 7, 7,

Fig. 7.1
Fig. 7.1

SLIDE 39

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 39 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Comparison Comparison of

f the

the results results of

f the

the design design length length of

f the

the GEWI GEWI-

tension

tension-

piles

piles

SLIDE 40

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 40 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Test Test device device for for load load tests tests to to prove prove the the pull out pull out resistance resistance of

f GEWI

GEWI-

piles

piles

SLIDE 41

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 41 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Pile Pile load load test test proving proving the the pull out pull out resistance resistance of a

f a GEWI

GEWI-

tension

tension pile pile

SLIDE 42

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 42 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Result Result of a pull out test

f a pull out test

SLIDE 43

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 43 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Under Under water water excavation excavation

SLIDE 44

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 44 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 45

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 45 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 46

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 46 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Section Section of

f the

the ground ground plan plan for for the the installation installation of

f

the the GEWI GEWI-

piles

piles

SLIDE 47

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 47 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 48

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 48 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 49

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 49 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Diving Diving devices devices

SLIDE 50

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 50 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Divers Divers working working

SLIDE 51

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 51 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Under Under water water concreting concreting

SLIDE 52

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 52 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Under Under water water concrete concrete slab slab and and GEWI GEWI-

pile

pile heads heads

SLIDE 53

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 53 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Cleaning Cleaning and and compensation compensation concrete concrete

SLIDE 54

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 54 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

SLIDE 55

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 55 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Reinforcement Reinforcement of

f the

the tunnel tunnel base base

SLIDE 56

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 56 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

CLOSING REMARKS CLOSING REMARKS

Austria

Austria now now has a has a tradition tradition of

f application

application of

f micropiles

micropiles

f 35
f 35 years

years. .

We

We have have a a wide wide range range of

f types

types of

f micropiles

micropiles, , both both bored bored piles piles and and displacement displacement piles piles. .

We

We have have several several contractors contractors offering

ffering these

these different different types types

f
f micropiles

micropiles. .

These

These contractors contractors are are organized

rganized within

within VÖBU ( VÖBU (Austrian Austrian association association of

f special

special foundation foundation contractors contractors), ), affiliated affiliated to to EFFC (European EFFC (European Federation Federation of

f Foundation

Foundation Contractors Contractors). ).

ISM

ISM -

International Society

International Society for for Micropiles Micropiles is is not not yet yet known known in in Austria Austria, , but but I will I will try try to do to do my my best to bring best to bring this this new new society society to to the the attention attention of all

f all Austrian

Austrian geotechnical geotechnical engineers engineers working working in different in different fields fields ( (science science, , universities universities, , authorites authorites, , designers designers and and contractors contractors). ).

SLIDE 57

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 57 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006

Activities Activities in in Austria Austria in 2005 in 2005 to to promote promote the the use use

f
f microplies

microplies according according to to European Standard European Standard ÖNORM EN 14199 ÖNORM EN 14199

SLIDE 58

M. Fross: 35 years of

application of micropiles in Austria 58 IWM 2006 - Schrobenhausen, Germany May 3-7, 2006