The WIMP Miracle and Neutralino with Thermal History Physics & - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The WIMP Miracle and Neutralino with Thermal History Physics & - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mar 31, 2023 176 likes •521 views

PH489 Particle Physics The WIMP Miracle and Neutralino with Thermal History Physics & Computer, KAIST Young-kyoung Bae ( ) Introduction Introduction Milky Way Introduction Dark Matter Properties 1) Non-relativistic 2)

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PH489 Particle Physics

The WIMP Miracle and Neutralino

with Thermal History Physics & Computer, KAIST Young-kyoung Bae (배영경)

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SLIDE 2

Introduction

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SLIDE 3

Introduction

Milky Way

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Introduction

Dark Matter Properties 1) Non-relativistic 2) Non-baryonic 3) Stable ( long life-time)

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Introduction

Without any specific model …

Ultra-light scalar (extremely light bosons)

  • No limit of occupation number
  • The uncertainty principle

Fermions

  • Pauli exclusion
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SLIDE 6

Introduction

Without any specific model …

Ultra-light scalar (extremely light bosons)

  • No limit of occupation number
  • The uncertainty principle

Fermions

  • Pauli exclusion

Too Wide

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SLIDE 7

Introduction

Dark Matter (DM) relic abundances …? 1) Thermal Production (TP) - e.g. WIMP 2) Non-thermal Production (NTP) - e.g. Axion

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SLIDE 8

Thermal History

Interaction rate Expansion rate Thermal equilibrium Decouple

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SLIDE 9

The WIMP Miracle…?

Assumption 1) 2) The cold DM (CDM) The Boltzmann equation where L : the Liouville operator, C : the collision operator and f : the phase-space density

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SLIDE 10

The WIMP Miracle…?

Assumption 1) 2) The cold DM (CDM) The Boltzmann equation where

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The WIMP Miracle…?

Assumption 1) 2) The cold DM (CDM) 3) Thermal equilibrium (Fermi-Dirac or Bose-Einstein) 4) (the Maxwell-Boltzmann dist) 5) The SM particles go quickly in equilibrium (photon bath) where

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The WIMP Miracle…?

Assumption 1) 2) The cold DM (CDM) 3) Thermal equilibrium (Fermi-Dirac or Bose-Einstein) 4) (the Maxwell-Boltzmann dist) 5) The SM particles go quickly in equilibrium (photon bath)

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The WIMP Miracle…?

1) 2)

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The WIMP Miracle…?

Relativistic limit Non-relativistic limit

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The WIMP Miracle…?

Relativistic limit Non-relativistic limit

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The WIMP Miracle…?

where

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The WIMP Miracle…?

taking

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The WIMP Miracle…?

The WIMPless DM model 1) SIMP (Strongly Interacting Massive Particle) 2) Forbidden DM ( )

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Neutralino

  • Hypothetical particle of SUSY
  • The most promising candidate of DM
  • It is composed of two electrical neutral gaugino(wino and

bino) and higgsinos(the superpartners of neutral Higgs bosons)

  • Majorana fermionic mass eigenstate
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SLIDE 20

Neutralino

1) well-tempered neutralino (the mix of bino-wino-higgsino for the LSP) 2) co-annihilations 3) resonance annihilation, etc.

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Neutralino

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Detection Strategies

1) Direct Detection The nuclear recoil energy

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Detection Strategies

1) Direct Detection Scattering rate ( the differential rate per unit detector mass)

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Detection Strategies

1) Direct Detection Annual Modulation

  • the flux of DM

June > Dec

  • gravitational focusing
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SLIDE 25

Detection Strategies

2) Indirect Detection Detect the products of DM annihilation

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Summary

  • We briefly saw the properties of DM
  • We calculated the range of DM by using the
  • properties. (But it was too wide…!)
  • So we concerned about the DM relic abundances

to determine the specific model.

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Summary

  • The WIMP Miracle…?
  • The mass seems to be weak scale.
  • But, the important thing is the ratio.
  • So there are many different models
  • e.g., SIMP, Forbidden DM, etc.
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Summary

  • Neutralino
  • The hypothetical particle of SUSY theories.
  • After discovery of Higgs, the higgsino is the

most candidate of WIMP DM.

  • Detection Strategies
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Thank you

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Appendix A

The geodesic equation The Liouville operator homogeneous & isotropic

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Appendix A

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Appendix B

Interaction rate Expansion rate Thermal equilibrium Decouple Before the electroweak symmetry breaking

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Appendix B

Interaction rate Expansion rate Thermal equilibrium Decouple After the electroweak symmetry breaking