The Swiss-Army Knife for Python Web Developers Armin Ronacher - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The Swiss-Army Knife for Python Web Developers Armin Ronacher - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sep 16, 2023 234 likes •1.51k views

The Swiss-Army Knife for Python Web Developers Armin Ronacher http://lucumr.pocoo.org/ About Me About Me Name: Armin Ronacher Werkzeug, Jinja, Pygments, ubuntuusers.de Python since 2005 WSGI warrior since the very beginning

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The Swiss-Army Knife for Python Web Developers

Armin Ronacher — http://lucumr.pocoo.org/

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About Me

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About Me

  • Name: Armin Ronacher
  • Werkzeug, Jinja, Pygments, ubuntuusers.de
  • Python since 2005
  • WSGI warrior since the very beginning (well, not quite)
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Why Python?

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Why Python?

  • agile
  • active community
  • countless modules
  • powerful introspection functionality
  • WSGI
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WSGI

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WSGI

  • Web Server Gateway Interface
  • lowlevel interface between application and

server

  • allows to reuse code between applications
  • CGI / FastCGI / SCGI / AJP / mod_python /

mod_wsgi / twisted / standalone

  • simple and fast
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Hello World

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Hello World

def application(environ, start_response): start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/html')]) return [ '<!DOCTYPE HTML>\n<title>Hello World</title>\n' '<h1>Hello World!</h1>' ]

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Hello World

def application(environ, start_response): start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/html')]) return [ '<!DOCTYPE HTML>\n<title>Hello World</title>\n' '<h1>Hello World!</h1>' ]

Request

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Hello World

def application(environ, start_response): start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/html')]) return [ '<!DOCTYPE HTML>\n<title>Hello World</title>\n' '<h1>Hello World!</h1>' ]

Request Response #1 Response #2

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Deployment

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Deployment

lighttpd Apache

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Deployment

lighttpd mod_fastcgi / mod_scgi Apache mod_wsgi

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Deployment

lighttpd mod_fastcgi / mod_scgi flup Apache mod_wsgi

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Deployment

lighttpd mod_fastcgi / mod_scgi flup WSGI Anwendung Apache mod_wsgi WSGI Anwendung

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Deployment

lighttpd mod_fastcgi / mod_scgi flup WSGI Anwendung Apache mod_wsgi WSGI Anwendung wsgiref WSGI Anwendung

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Middlewares

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Middlewares

  • middlewares work between server and

application

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Middlewares

  • middlewares work between server and

application

  • can manipulate incoming and outgoing data
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Middlewares

  • middlewares work between server and

application

  • can manipulate incoming and outgoing data
  • useful to …
  • … log errors
  • … fix broken server data
  • … combine multiple applications
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But....

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But....

...an application shouldn’t depend on an middleware

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But....

...an application shouldn’t depend on an middleware

http://dirtsimple.org/2007/02/wsgi-middleware-considered-harmful.html

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But....

...an application shouldn’t depend on an middleware

http://dirtsimple.org/2007/02/wsgi-middleware-considered-harmful.html

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Setup

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Setup

  • central „runner” file:
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Setup

  • central „runner” file:
  • application.fcgi … mod_fastcgi
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Setup

  • central „runner” file:
  • application.fcgi … mod_fastcgi
  • application.wsgi … mod_wsgi
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Setup

  • central „runner” file:
  • application.fcgi … mod_fastcgi
  • application.wsgi … mod_wsgi
  • run-application.py … standalone / wsgiref
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Setup

  • central „runner” file:
  • application.fcgi … mod_fastcgi
  • application.wsgi … mod_wsgi
  • run-application.py … standalone / wsgiref
  • imports application and middlewares
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Setup

  • central „runner” file:
  • application.fcgi … mod_fastcgi
  • application.wsgi … mod_wsgi
  • run-application.py … standalone / wsgiref
  • imports application and middlewares
  • combines it and creates and application object
  • r calls the gateway
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Setup

from yourapplication import Application from yourmiddleware import YourMiddleware from vendormiddleware import VendorMiddleware application = Application(configuration=here) application = YourMiddleware(application, configuration=here) application = VendorMiddleware(application)

  • central „runner” file:
  • application.fcgi … mod_fastcgi
  • application.wsgi … mod_wsgi
  • run-application.py … standalone / wsgiref
  • imports application and middlewares
  • combines it and creates and application object
  • r calls the gateway
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Summary

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Summary

  • application: callable object
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Summary

  • application: callable object
  • environ … incoming data
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Summary

  • application: callable object
  • environ … incoming data
  • start_response … starts the response
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Summary

  • application: callable object
  • environ … incoming data
  • start_response … starts the response
  • app_iter … an iterator, each iteration sends

data to the client

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Summary

  • application: callable object
  • environ … incoming data
  • start_response … starts the response
  • app_iter … an iterator, each iteration sends

data to the client

  • middleware: between application and gateway
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Summary

  • application: callable object
  • environ … incoming data
  • start_response … starts the response
  • app_iter … an iterator, each iteration sends

data to the client

  • middleware: between application and gateway
  • gateway: translates WSGI to CGI etc.
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Werkzeug

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Werkzeug

  • unicode handling
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Werkzeug

  • unicode handling
  • form data / file uploads / url parameter

parsing

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Werkzeug

  • unicode handling
  • form data / file uploads / url parameter

parsing

  • URL dispatching
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Werkzeug

  • unicode handling
  • form data / file uploads / url parameter

parsing

  • URL dispatching
  • HTTP parsing
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Werkzeug

  • unicode handling
  • form data / file uploads / url parameter

parsing

  • URL dispatching
  • HTTP parsing
  • development server
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Werkzeug

  • unicode handling
  • form data / file uploads / url parameter

parsing

  • URL dispatching
  • HTTP parsing
  • development server
  • autoreloader
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Werkzeug

  • unicode handling
  • form data / file uploads / url parameter

parsing

  • URL dispatching
  • HTTP parsing
  • development server
  • autoreloader
  • countless small helpers
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What is it not?

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What is it not?

  • ORM
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What is it not?

  • ORM
  • template engine
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What is it not?

  • ORM
  • template engine
  • form-validation
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What is it not?

  • ORM
  • template engine
  • form-validation
  • i18n / l10n
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What is it not?

  • ORM
  • template engine
  • form-validation
  • i18n / l10n
  • component architecture
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What is it not?

  • ORM
  • template engine
  • form-validation
  • i18n / l10n
  • component architecture
  • a framework
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Why not?

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Why not?

  • such things exist already
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Why not?

  • such things exist already
  • you can combine them
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Why not?

  • such things exist already
  • you can combine them
  • everybody wants something else
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Why not?

  • such things exist already
  • you can combine them
  • everybody wants something else
  • cherry picking!
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What does it look like?

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What does it look like?

>>> from werkzeug import Request, create_environ >>> environ = create_environ('/index.html?foo=bar&foo=baz&blah=42') >>> request = Request(environ) >>> request.args['foo'] u'bar' >>> request.args.getlist('foo') [u'bar', u'baz'] >>> request.args.get('blah', type=int) 42 >>> request.path u'/index.html' >>> request.method 'GET'

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DumpIt!

a pastebin in 15 minutes

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What do we use?

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What do we use?

  • Werkzeug
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What do we use?

  • Werkzeug
  • Jinja
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What do we use?

  • Werkzeug
  • Jinja
  • sqlite3
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What do we use?

  • Werkzeug
  • Jinja
  • sqlite3
  • Pygments
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What do we use?

  • Werkzeug
  • Jinja
  • sqlite3
  • Pygments

WSGI

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What do we use?

  • Werkzeug
  • Jinja
  • sqlite3
  • Pygments

WSGI Templates

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What do we use?

  • Werkzeug
  • Jinja
  • sqlite3
  • Pygments

WSGI Templates Database

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What do we use?

  • Werkzeug
  • Jinja
  • sqlite3
  • Pygments

WSGI Templates Database Code Highlighting

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What do we use?

  • Werkzeug
  • Jinja
  • sqlite3
  • Pygments

WSGI Templates Database Code Highlighting

easy_install Werkzeug easy_install Jinja easy_install Pygments

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#0: Database

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#0: Database

CREATE TABLE pastes ( id INTEGER NOT NULL, code TEXT, lang VARCHAR(40), PRIMARY KEY (id) );

schema.sql

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#1: Imports

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#1: Imports

import sqlite3 from os import path from werkzeug import Request, Response, redirect from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException, NotFound from werkzeug.routing import Map, Rule from jinja import Environment, FileSystemLoader from pygments import highlight from pygments.lexers import get_lexer_by_name, TextLexer from pygments.formatters import HtmlFormatter

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#2: Configuration

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#2: Configuration

DATABASE = '/path/to/dumpit.db' PYGMENTS_STYLE = 'pastie' LANGUAGES = [ ('text', 'No Highlighting'), ('python', 'Python'), ('c', 'C') ] TEMPLATES = path.join(path.dirname(__file__), 'templates') jinja_env = Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader(TEMPLATES)) pygments_formatter = HtmlFormatter(style=PYGMENTS_STYLE) def render_template(template_name, **context): template = jinja_env.get_template(template_name) return template.render(context)

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#3: Dispatching

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

http://localhost:5000/ http://localhost:5000/42 http://localhost:5000/42/raw http://localhost:5000/pygments.css

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#3: Dispatching

url_map = Map([ Rule('/', endpoint='new_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>', endpoint='show_paste'), Rule('/<int:id>/raw', endpoint='download_paste'), Rule('/pygments.css', endpoint='pygments_style') ]) def application(environ, start_response): request = Request(environ) request.db = sqlite3.connect(DATABASE) url_adapter = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ) try: endpoint, values = url_adapter.match() response = globals()[endpoint](request, **values) if isinstance(response, basestring): response = Response(response, mimetype='text/html') except HTTPException, error: response = error return response(environ, start_response)

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#4: „Views“

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#4: „Views“

def new_paste(request): if request.method == 'POST': code = request.form.get('code') lang = request.form.get('lang') if code and lang: paste = Paste(lang, code) paste.save(request.db) return redirect(str(paste.id)) return render_template('new_paste.html', languages=LANGUAGES)

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#4: „Views“

def new_paste(request): if request.method == 'POST': code = request.form.get('code') lang = request.form.get('lang') if code and lang: paste = Paste(lang, code) paste.save(request.db) return redirect(str(paste.id)) return render_template('new_paste.html', languages=LANGUAGES) def show_paste(request, id): paste = Paste.get(request.db, id) if paste is None: raise NotFound() return render_template('show_paste.html', paste=paste)

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#4: „Views“

def new_paste(request): if request.method == 'POST': code = request.form.get('code') lang = request.form.get('lang') if code and lang: paste = Paste(lang, code) paste.save(request.db) return redirect(str(paste.id)) return render_template('new_paste.html', languages=LANGUAGES) def show_paste(request, id): paste = Paste.get(request.db, id) if paste is None: raise NotFound() return render_template('show_paste.html', paste=paste) def download_paste(request, id): paste = Paste.get(request.db, id) if paste is None: raise NotFound() return Response(paste.code)

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#4: „Views“

def new_paste(request): if request.method == 'POST': code = request.form.get('code') lang = request.form.get('lang') if code and lang: paste = Paste(lang, code) paste.save(request.db) return redirect(str(paste.id)) return render_template('new_paste.html', languages=LANGUAGES) def show_paste(request, id): paste = Paste.get(request.db, id) if paste is None: raise NotFound() return render_template('show_paste.html', paste=paste) def download_paste(request, id): paste = Paste.get(request.db, id) if paste is None: raise NotFound() return Response(paste.code) def pygments_style(request): return Response(pygments_formatter.get_style_defs(), mimetype='text/css')

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#5: Model

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class Paste(object): def __init__(self, lang, code, id=None): self.lang = lang self.code = code self.id = id @property def highlighted_code(self): try: lexer = get_lexer_by_name(self.lang) except ValueError: lexer = TextLexer return highlight(self.code, lexer, pygments_formatter) @classmethod def get(cls, con, id): cur = con.cursor() cur.execute('select lang, code, id from pastes where id = ?', [id]) row = cur.fetchone() if row: return cls(*row)

#5: Model

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@property def highlighted_code(self): try: lexer = get_lexer_by_name(self.lang) except ValueError: lexer = TextLexer return highlight(self.code, lexer, pygments_formatter) @classmethod def get(cls, con, id): cur = con.cursor() cur.execute('select lang, code, id from pastes where id = ?', [id]) row = cur.fetchone() if row: return cls(*row) def save(self, con): cur = con.cursor() if self.id is None: cur.execute('insert into pastes (lang, code) values (?, ?)', [self.lang, self.code]) self.id = cur.lastrowid else: cur.execute('update pastes set lang = ?, code = ? where ' 'id = ?', [self.lang, self.code, self.id]) con.commit()

#5: Model

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#6: Templates

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#6: Templates

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>Dump It!</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/pygments.css" type="text/css"> </head> <body> <div id="header"> <h1>Dump It!</h1> </div> <div id="page"> {% block body %}{% endblock %} </div> </body> </html>

layout.html

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#6: Templates

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>Dump It!</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/pygments.css" type="text/css"> </head> <body> <div id="header"> <h1>Dump It!</h1> </div> <div id="page"> {% block body %}{% endblock %} </div> </body> </html> {% extends "layout.html" %} {% block body %} <h2>New Paste</h2> <form action="" method="post"> <p><textarea name="code" rows="8" cols="50"></textarea></p> <p><select name="lang"> {% for code, name in languages %} <option value="{{ code }}">{{ name }}</option> {% endfor %} </select><input type="submit" value="Paste"></p> </form> {% endblock %}

layout.html new_paste.html

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#6: Templates

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>Dump It!</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/pygments.css" type="text/css"> </head> <body> <div id="header"> <h1>Dump It!</h1> </div> <div id="page"> {% block body %}{% endblock %} </div> </body> </html> {% extends "layout.html" %} {% block body %} <h2>New Paste</h2> <form action="" method="post"> <p><textarea name="code" rows="8" cols="50"></textarea></p> <p><select name="lang"> {% for code, name in languages %} <option value="{{ code }}">{{ name }}</option> {% endfor %} </select><input type="submit" value="Paste"></p> </form> {% endblock %} {% extends "layout.html" %} {% block body %} <h2>Paste #{{ paste.id }}</h2> <div class="paste"> {{ paste.highlighted_code }} </div> {% endblock %}

layout.html new_paste.html show_paste.html

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Development Server

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Development Server

if __name__ == '__main__': from werkzeug import run_simple, SharedDataMiddleware application = SharedDataMiddleware(application, { '/static': path.join(path.dirname(__file__), 'static') }) run_simple('localhost', 4000, application)

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Development Server

mitsuhiko@nausicaa:~/DumpIt$ sqlite3 /path/to/dumpit.db < schema.sql mitsuhiko@nausicaa:~/DumpIt$ python dumpit.py runserver * Running on http://localhost:4000/ if __name__ == '__main__': from werkzeug import run_simple, SharedDataMiddleware application = SharedDataMiddleware(application, { '/static': path.join(path.dirname(__file__), 'static') }) run_simple('localhost', 4000, application)

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„Dump It!“ In Action

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„Dump It!“ In Action

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„Dump It!“ In Action

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More Than One Way

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More Than One Way

  • Templates: XML / Text-based / Sandbox
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More Than One Way

  • Templates: XML / Text-based / Sandbox
  • Daten: SQL / CouchDB / Filesystem
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More Than One Way

  • Templates: XML / Text-based / Sandbox
  • Daten: SQL / CouchDB / Filesystem
  • AJAX: JSON / XML / HTML Fragments
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More Than One Way

  • Templates: XML / Text-based / Sandbox
  • Daten: SQL / CouchDB / Filesystem
  • AJAX: JSON / XML / HTML Fragments
  • URLs: Regular Expressions / Werkzeug

Routing / Routes / Objekt-basierend / Query Parameters

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More Than One Way

  • Templates: XML / Text-based / Sandbox
  • Daten: SQL / CouchDB / Filesystem
  • AJAX: JSON / XML / HTML Fragments
  • URLs: Regular Expressions / Werkzeug

Routing / Routes / Objekt-basierend / Query Parameters

  • Dispatching: Controller / View-Functions
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More Than One Way

  • Templates: XML / Text-based / Sandbox
  • Daten: SQL / CouchDB / Filesystem
  • AJAX: JSON / XML / HTML Fragments
  • URLs: Regular Expressions / Werkzeug

Routing / Routes / Objekt-basierend / Query Parameters

  • Dispatching: Controller / View-Functions
  • Auth: Apache / LDAP / OpenID
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http://werkzeug.pocoo.org/

http://lucumr.pocoo.org/talks/ltgraz08/