The role of CAN in the age of Industrial Ethernet and IoT 16 th - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Keynote

The role of CAN in the age of Industrial Ethernet and IoT

16th International CAN Conference Nuremberg Christian Schlegel, Managing Director, HMS Technology Center Ravensburg

chsc@hms-networks.de

2017-03-07

Looking back into history … When CAN was born

Looking back into history … When CAN was born The 80‘s

A decade of fast evolving and spreading technolgy Personal Computer Wearables (Walkman) Mobile Phones

Looking back into history … When CAN was born The 80‘s

A decade of fast evolving and spreading technolgy Cars (Automotive) Automation

Looking back into history … When CAN was born

RS232 RS485

Serial interfaces Limited in

• bandwidth
• functionality
• no. of

devices

New fieldbus technology

• serial communication

principle

• considerably increased wire

speed

• more features (e.g. device

management)

• master/slave communication

principle

Automation

Looking back into history … When CAN was born

Cars (Automotive)

Looking back into history … When CAN was born

Situation inside cars

• More chaotic communication

structure

• Electric world is not as stable

and „clean“ as in the automation world

• Shielding to be avoided

Automation communication technology not applicable in cars

Steering Wheel

Cruise control, wiper, turning light Optional: climate control, radio, telephone

Roof

rain sensor, light sensor, light control, sun roof

Seat

Seat positon motors,

• ccupancy sensor,

control panel

Door

Mirror, central (ECU), mirror switch, window lift, seat control switch, door lock

Engine

Sensors, small motors

Climate

Small motors, control panel

Cars (Automotive)

Looking back into history … When CAN was born 1983

Bosch started the development of a new serial communication system

1986

„Controller Area Network“ was introduced at SAE congress

1987

First CAN controller chip 82526 (FullCAN) introduced by Intel, shortly after 82C200 (BasicCAN) from Philips Semiconductor

Ingenious features made CAN different

Bus access & arbitration principle CSMA/CA => Avoids collisions and prioritizes messages Error signaling and recovery mechanism => Ensures data consistency

• n all active nodes

Physical Layer - representation of 1s and 0s on bus line => Makes CAN rather immune to electromagnetic and common mode interferences

CAN and its way into industrial (non-automotive) applications

CAN and its way into industrial applications 1991

Mercedes S class first car with CAN

Late 80‘s and early 90‘s

The „classic“ fieldbus systems were introduced by the large automation companies for industrial automation applications

Late 80‘s and early 90‘s

Small companies started promoting CAN for industrial applications

I+ME

CAN and its way into industrial applications

Example of first non-automotive / industrial applications by STZP

CAN and its way into industrial applications

Need for CAN infrastructure components

PC/CAN interface board (ISA-bus) with 82527 & 82C200 developed by STZP First CAN repeater presented by STZP at INTERKAMA fair in Dusseldorf in 1992

CAN and its way into industrial applications 1992

Founding of CAN in Automation

1992

CAN Application Layer (CAL)

1994

CANopen CIA301

Today

CiA maintains and still develops most comprehensive set of standards for applications and device profiles

• Using
• Higher layer protocols
• Device profiles
• Application profiles
• Various higher layer protocols exist
• CANopen
• DeviceNet
• J1939
• NMEA2000
• ISOBUS
• …
• Manufacturer specific catalog

specifying for each data (called signal)

• Transmitting ECU
• Receiving ECUs
• Frequency
• Message (ID)
• Position in Message
• Additional common definitions came

later, e.g. in AUTOSAR for diagnostic purposes

Data modeling with CAN

Industrial / non-automotive Automotive / Cars

Ethernet – A thread for CAN ?

Ethernet – A threat for CAN ?

History of Industrial Ethernet

1999 2001 2003 2004 2006

Foundation

• f IAONA

EtherNet/IP Powerlink V1 Profinet EtherCAT SERCOS III Powerlink V2

Ethernet – A threat for CAN ?

Why Ethernet for industrial data communication ?

Cheap components Large network extension Fast data transmission Large data frames High bandwidth Number of nodes unlimited

Ethernet – A threat for CAN ?

Why Ethernet for industrial data communication ?

Especially of interest

• Large machines
• Machine

Interconnection

• Motion control

Factory Automation Cheap components Large network extension Fast data transmission Large data frames High bandwidth Number of nodes unlimited

Ethernet – A threat for CAN ?

Industrial Ethernet for all applications / markets?

Power and Energy

Trucks, utility vehicles & farming machines

Automotive & recreational vehicles Ships & Boats

“Small” Machines Oil & Gas (subsea)

Small Robots Medical & Laboratory Automation Building Automation Measurement Systems

Ethernet – A threat for CAN ?

Arguments for staying with CAN?

Robustness Real „bus“ system Short data packages Monitoring & Trouble shooting Power Consumption Price Disadvantage: maximum network extension

Conclusion: CAN still has his eligibility, especially when these requirements are important

• power consumption
• up-time (MTBF)
• diagnostic & maintenance

capabilities

• price

CAN FD – The booster for CAN and its future

CAN FD – The booster for CAN

Obstacles for CAN

• Max 8 data bytes / message
• Bandwidth limitations - also

dependent on network extension Workarounds

• More CAN networks
• Other networks with similar

working principles (e.g. FlexRay) Improvements by CAN FD

• Up to 64 data bytes / message
• Increase of transmission speed

after arbitration phase up to 8 Mbit/s

• Longer network extension at

higher transmission speed

• Improved error detection

capabilities => reduced residual error propability

Future of CAN / CAN FD in automotive applications

Ethernet in cars

More bandwidth required for

• Driving assistance and security
• Camera systems – surround view
• Infotainment

=> Ethernet was introduced in last decade Special requirements need specific technical solutions

• Lightweight cables

(=> BroadR-Reach)

• Synchronization & guaranteed

latency times (=> AVB, TSN in the future)

Future of CAN / CAN FD in automotive applications

New communication methods and protocols have been introduced

New mechanisms in AUTOSAR …

• Intelligent PDU multiplexing

(IPDU)

• Secure on-board communication

(SECOC)

• End-to-end protection profile

(E2E) … lead to new requirements

• More data to be transmitted

(larger messages)

• Authentication mechanisms for

securing safety-critical data

Future of CAN / CAN FD in automotive applications

Will Ethernet replace CAN in cars?

Definitely NOT (within next 10 yrs)

• Cost are a major concern

(cost for Ethernet Interface = 6x cost for CAN interface)

• Ethernet is only point-to-point

(restricts topology, requires switches where unused ports are unnecessary cost)

• Use of powerful CPUs with MII

interface for simple ECUs like in doors is not acceptable Outlook for CAN FD

• CAN FD will be the bridge

between “classic” CAN and Ethernet

• Most cost effective solution
• Well-known by everyone at the

car manufacturers

• CAN FD in next car generations
• f all German car manufacturers

(will not replace CAN completely)

Future of CAN / CAN FD in non-automotive applications

When is CAN the preferred network solution?

Benefits of CAN / CAN FD …

• Cost structure
• Flexibility
• Ease of use
• Low power consumption

… makes it the perfect solution for

• Smaller machines (applications

with limited network extension)

• Extension or sub-systems to

larger machines

• All mobile applications (especially

when battery powered)

Future of CAN / CAN FD in non-automotive applications

When is CAN the preferred network solution?

CAN FD even provides

• Higher bandwidth (four times and more)
• Shorter transmission times
• Longer network extensions at higher transmission speed
• Larger messages

However: still waiting for suitable CPUs with CAN FD => Makes CAN FD suitable for even more applications

CAN and the Internet of Things

CAN and the Internet of Things

What is the Internet of Things (IoT)?

IoT = Ethernet from IT down to the sensor level IoT = Integration of automation networks with IT networks & cloud services Main use-cases

• Improving diagnostics, maintenance and

management capabilities

• Optimizing production and making

production more flexible

• Communication between cars, cars and

infrastructure and cars and humans

CAN and the Internet of Things

What is the Internet of Things (IoT)?

IoT related data Automation & control data

• Detailed diagnostic data
• Larger data packages
• Transmitted less

frequently

• Short data
• Transmitted frequently
• Real-time (defined

latency)

CAN and the Internet of Things

IoT related technologies

TSN (Time Sensitive Networking) OPC UA

• Extends Standard Ethernet

(802.1) with real-time capabilities

• Real-time below the

microsecond

• Trade-off between cost &

performance concerning the implementation

• Standardized protocol

with semantics for each data point

• Supports security

mechanisms like authentication and encryption

CAN and the Internet of Things

IoT down to field level?

Field level properties

• Automation & control data
• Cost sensitive
• Reliability
• Maintainability

 Ethernet not always suitable  CAN as the preferred solution But

• Also extended diagnostic data

shall be gathered from field level  CAN not suitable (8 byte limitation)  CAN FD solves the problem

CAN and the Internet of Things

IoT architecture with CAN FD

Machine 1 Machine 2 Ethernet Ethernet

& TSN

CAN FD

• Perfect sub-network

inside a machine for IoT related applications

• Handles automation &

control data

• In parallel also IoT related

data

• CANopen is also used by

several Industrial Ethernet protocols => Overall cost-savings

Conclusion

Conclusion

Will Ethernet become the only communication system used for automation and control purposes ? CAN FD comes exactly at the right time to make CAN fit for the future CAN / CAN FD remains unbeatable when it comes to cost level, ease-of-use, reliability, flexibility CAN FD is a perfect sub-network inside machines for IoT related applications

Thanks for listening!

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