The Physics of Space Security Space is a place, but orbit is a - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The Physics of Space Security Space is a place, but orbit is a - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Dec 28, 2023 255 likes •474 views

Laura Grego The Physics of Space Security Space is a place, but orbit is a condition. 2 r = h +r earth = Satellites travel in predictable orbits. Time-sensitivity & persistence require a

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The Physics of Space Security

Laura Grego

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Space is a place, but orbit is a condition.

2

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𝑊 = 𝐻 × 𝑁𝑓𝑏𝑠𝑢ℎ 𝑠

r = h +rearth

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Satellites travel in predictable orbits.

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Time-sensitivity & persistence require a constellation

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You cannot hide in space.

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Earth from Low Earth Orbit (LEO)

Earth observations: Passive and active sensors Intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance Weather, climate & environmental science Short time-lag or remote communications: Iridium, Globalstar Proposed global internet One Web, SpaceX

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Earth from Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)

(In circular orbits) Position, navigation & timing GPS, GLONASS, Beidou (In highly elliptical orbits) Observation of northern latitudes Molniya Space science Chandra X-Ray Observatory

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Earth from Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO)

Communications Broadcast, data relay High data rate, secure, global, commercial Earth observation Weather Early warning of missile launch Electronic intelligence Navigation system supplementation

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It requires an enormous amount of energy (and money) to put satellites in orbit.

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As well as to bring them down. You can’t really “drop” bombs from space.

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Space debris will accumulate.

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Difficulties in the space environment

  • Attributing a problem to failure or attack is difficult to do in a timely way.
  • Difficulty of knowing a satellite’s owner and full range of purposes.
  • Short timescales for action.
  • Always working in same space as multiple other states.
  • Inherent dual-use nature of much of space technology. Can be offensive and

defensive or neutral.

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Dual-use nature of space technology

Space launch vehicles and ballistic missiles

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Dual-use nature of space technology

Proximity operations– getting up close

Geosynchronous Space Situational Awareness Program satellite

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Strategic missile defense systems

Ground-, sea-, or space-based interceptors Airplane or drone-based lasers or interceptors

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strategic missile defenses

Ballistic missile defenses Anti- satellite weapons

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Difficulties & Differences

  • Inherent dual-use nature of much of space technology. Can be
  • ffensive and defensive or neutral.
  • This is not an insurmountable problem.
  • And it is not true that “any” satellite can be used as a weapon.
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Image: Union of Concerned Scientists

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