The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA PGY-1, Psychiatry Dalhousie University Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Introduction to Psychopathy 1 Somatic Findings in Psychopathy 2 Neural Bases of Psychopathy 3 A Focus on OXT/AVP 4 Future Directions 5 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions What is a psychopath? Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions The Dual-Deficit Model Affective-Interpersonal Impulsive-Antisocial Predatory disposition Disinhibition/impulsivity Lack of empathy Pervasive antisocial behaviour Shallow affect Lack of concern about performance Table: Broad overview of the dual-deficit (a.k.a two-factor model of psychopathy. Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions They were all once children... Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Conduct Disorder Children with conduct disorder are a heterogeneous population: 1 Those with callous-unemotional traits 2 Those with high mood lability and increased risk for mood and anxiety disorders Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Psychology of CU Traits Predominant impairments in the following neuropsychological domains: 1 Emotional empathy 2 Emotional learning and decision making Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Psychopaths Re-offend More... Salekin et al. J Personality Assessment 2003;80:154-63 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions ...and Sooner after Release Olver & Wong. Personality Disorders 2014; Advance Online Pub. Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Hypoarousal: Resting HR Raine. Ann NY Acad Sci 1996;794:46-59 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Hypoarousal: HR Reactivity Ortiz & Raine. J Am Acad Child Adol Psychiatry 2004;2:154-62 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Hypoarousal: HR Reactivity Casey et al. Biol Psychol 2013;92:541-48 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Hypoarousal: SCR & Startle Rothemund et al. Biol Psychol 2012;90:50-9 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Hypoarousal: Cortisol Oosterlaan et al. Psychiatry Res 2005;134:1-10 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Hypoarousal: Cortisol Holi et al. Psychopathol 2006;39:102-4 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Hypoarousal: Anti-ACTH Antibody Schaefer et al. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2013;38:3039-47 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Anti-ACTH & Cortisol Response Schaefer et al. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2013;38:3039-47 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Role for Testosterone? Johnson et al. Dev Psychobiol JT 2014;56:448-58 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Heritability Viding et al. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2005;46:592-7 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Persistence Lynam et al. J Abn Psych 2007;116:155-65 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Neural Basis of Moral Deficits Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Neural Basis of Social Behaviour Millan et al. Nat Rev Drug Disc 2012;11:141-168 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Neural Basis of Social Behaviour Tost & Meyer-Lindenberg. Nat Med 2012;18:211-213 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Cognitive Model of Psychopathy Blair. Nat Rev Neurosci 2013;14:786-99 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Neural Basis of Deficits Blair. Nat Rev Neurosci 2013;14:786-99 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Neural Basis of Deficits Blair. Nat Rev Neurosci 2013;14:786-99 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Amygdalal Connectivity Motzkin et al. J Neurosci 2011;30:17348-57 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Amygdalal Connectivity Motzkin et al. J Neurosci 2011;30:17348-57 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions OXTR and AVPR Genes Meyer-Lindenberg et al. Nat Rev Neurosci 2011;12:524-38 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions OXT/AVP Neurosignalling Benarroch. Neurology 2013;80:1521-8 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions OXTR & Social Neurosignalling Meyer-Lindenberg & Tost. Nat Neurosci 2012;15:663-68 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions OXT/AVP: Behavioural Effects Neuropeptide Effects ↓ cortisol during social stress OXT ↓ amygdala during social stress ↑ empathic accuracy ↑ eye gaze ↑ cortisol during social stress AVP ↓ trustingness in males ↑ trustingness in females ↓ social motivation Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy

Introduction to Psychopathy Somatic Findings in Psychopathy Neural Bases of Psychopathy A Focus on OXT/AVP Future Directions Integrative Model Meyer-Lindenberg et al. Nat Rev Neurosci 2011;12:524-38 Abraham J. Nunes MD, MBA The Neuroendocrinology of Psychopathy