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The long road to a new medicine Phase 3 Medicine tested in 3- 10,000 patients Phase 1 Studies in healthy volunteers Phase 2 Studies in 100-300 patients 2 What is Critical Path research? FDA Challenges and Opportunities Report, 2004 3


  1. The long road to a new medicine Phase 3 Medicine tested in 3- 10,000 patients Phase 1 Studies in healthy volunteers Phase 2 Studies in 100-300 patients 2

  2. What is Critical Path research? FDA Challenges and Opportunities Report, 2004 3

  3. What is the Critical Path Institute? A trusted, neutral third party delivering new methods and tools for clinical trials which benefit the whole community. 4

  4. Critical Path for Parkinson’s National Institutes of Health 5

  5. We can learn from past clinical trials Riluzole Vitamin E GPI-1485 Antioxidant Neuroimmunophilin Glutamate antagonist Paliroden Co Q10 CEP-1347 Mitochondrial enhancer Stimulates NGF Anti-apoptotic Pramipexole Cogane Creatine Dopamine agonist Modulates GDNF & BDNF Mitochondrial modulator Pioglitazone Rasagiline Glutathione PPAR γ agonist; MAO-B inhibitor Antioxidant anti-inflammatory Mitoquinone TCH346 6 Propargylamine Mitochondrial enhancer

  6. What could we do if we had all the data from Parkinson’s studies in one place? Researchers Data from clinical Standardization Regulators trials and cohorts and integration Industry 7

  7. Future model of Parkinson’s therapies Parkinson’s - Not all one flavor Personalized Medicine targeted treatments As modified from Alberto Espay 8

  8. Up to 15% of people with early Parkinson’s who take part in trials may not have the condition at all. Beth Vernaleo, Parkinson’s Disease Foundation 9

  9. Some people worsen fast, others slowly… Fast Worsening worsening Late stage Slow worsening Early stage Time 10

  10. Using imaging to predict the future Fast Worsening worsening Late stage Slow worsening Early stage Time 11

  11. Using imaging as a biomarker in trials endorsed by EMA Normal brain scan (no dopamine deficiency) Dopamine deficiency consistent with Parkinson’s 12

  12. What impact could this make? Using biomarkers to recruit the right people to trials increases chances of drug approvals. Amplion/BIO report, 2016 13

  13. What’s next for the Critical Path for Parkinson’s? Integrate data from around the world to help create tools that bring: The right drug To the right person At the right time

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