The HTMR100 Modular High Temperature Gas Reactor program 1 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The HTMR100 Modular High Temperature Gas Reactor program

1 Plant overview

HTMR100 Reactor

• The HTMR100 is a 100MWth helium cooled power plant
• The heat source is based on pebble bed technology

which has intrinsic safety characteristics

• Power conversion is via a proven helical coil steam

generator.

• The HTMR100 is a CO2-free nuclear thermal power

source that can be utilised for power generation, process heat applications, water desalination and hydrogen production.

• Small size and modular construction result in relatively

low cost.

HTMR100 Reactor

Reflector rod drive mechanism Bottom access hatch Top access hatch Top reflector Control rod Reactor pressure vessel (RPV) Side reflector Bottom reflector Spent fuel outlet shute Hot gas outlet Core barrel

Plant Layout (Single Module)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

1 Reactor building 9 Concrete vessel manufacturing 2 Auxiliary building 10 Emergency control building 3 Electrical building 11 Entrance control building 4 Turbine hall 12 Admin building 5 Conventional cooling 13 Store 6 Secured cooling 14 Radioactive waste treatment facility 7 Water storage tanks 15 Parking 8 Spent fuel storage area 16 Laydown area

Plant Layout (Multi Module)

Plant Layout (Multi Module) ; Sub-ground level

Thorium Fuel

2 Technology Basis

Technology Basis

HTR-10 (China) HTTR-30 (Japan)

HTMR-100 SA

HTR-PM (China)

3 Safety Design Basis

Safety Design Approach

• 1. No Active Nuclear Safety Related Systems. The plant

does not rely on active safety related systems during design basis accidents

• 2. Passivity by activation /de-activation e.g.
• pen/close of a nuclear safety related valve.
• 3. Passive product and structures will not fail during

events it is designed for. Examples are concrete structures, piping, graphite structures , vessels etc designed for earthquakes

• 4. Avoid high temperature gas on metallic structures,

keep the high temperature gas in the graphite structures.

Safety Design Basis

Plant Nuclear Safety

• The plant has no active safety related fluid system to mitigate the effect
• f an accident.
• The reactor protection system with its backup batteries, input signals and
• utput action are safety-related . Actions are basically by valves. The plant

ensure safety through ‘passive-by-activation ‘ means .

• Emergency diesel-generators are non-safety related, no credit for its

function during postulated design basis accidents and external events.

• Residual heat removal is by natural means with active secured cooling

system backup and emergency connecting point (electric and water)

• The safety-related functions are grouped into a compact reactor building

which can be constructed at different ground elevations. Sub-ground level protects against large airplane crash.

Safety Design Basis Continue

Reactor & Primary loop intrinsic safety

• Neutronically safe achieved through:
• Strong negative temperature coefficient which

means the reactor automatically shuts down in loss of coolant event.

• Weak fission product transport mechanism :
• helium is inert and is not activated,
• dust is periodically removed,
• He is continually purified.
• No primary coolant phase change and low/slow

pressure buildup with energy addition.

• No possible buildup of explosive hydrogen mixtures.
• No secured core cooling required; low power density,

large mass to absorb energy, slender geometry to transfer residual heat by passive means

4 HTMR100 Reactor

HTMR100 Reactor

Reflector rod drive mechanism Bottom access hatch Top access hatch Top reflector Control rod Reactor pressure vessel (RPV) Side reflector Bottom reflector Spent fuel outlet shute Hot gas outlet Core barrel

Power 100MW Pressure 40 bar Reactor Outlet Temperature 750 °C Power Conversion Steam Cycle Product Heat and/or Electricity

HTMR100 Reactor

• The advantage of smaller size is that the reactor and all

components and systems can be constructed modularly and shipped to site for assembly.

• Cost of scale is overcome by mass production with a

high degree of factory assembly.

HTMR100 Reactor

CRDMs Control rod connecting tubes Core internals Reactor pressure vessel

Reactor pressure vessel

Transportability by road

5 Steam Generator

Steam Generator

Reactor Unit (RU) Steam Generator Unit (SGU) Reactor pressure vessel (RPV) Reflector rod Drive mechanism (x16) Core unloading Machine (CUM) (x2) Blowers (x2) Steam outlet (x3) Feedwater inlet (x3) Connecting vessel Unit RPV support (x3)

6 Core Structures

Core structures

• Manufacturing is modularised
• Pressure vessel first installed
• Core Structures are

assembled in a factory and shipped in 3 modules including instrumentation harnesses.

Module 3 Module 2 Module 1

Ceramic Core

Graphite core structures Complete assembly Upper core structures Bottom core structures

7 Power Conversion System

Power Conversion System

Design philosophy

• The design philosophy of the power conversion system (PCS) is the following:
• Proven and widely used industrial technology should be used
• Off-the-shelf components should be chosen as far as possible

The chosen technology should have a relatively short installation time and require minimal maintenance

Power Conversion System without condenser

Steam Generator Gearbox Unit Steam Turbine

8 Fuelling Scheme

Fuelling Scheme

9 Buildings

Crane Reflector rod drive mechanisms Reactor unit unit Citadel Steam generator Spent fuel cask Core unloading Machine (CUM)

Reactor Building

Electrical building

HVAC floor Control room Conference room Computer room Entrance Electrical distribution floor Security Emergency diesel generators (x2) C & I floor Switchgear Ablution facilities

Auxiliary building

Chimney HVAC Floor He Purification and dispatch floor Health physics floor Bridge to reactor building Fresh and spent fuel transfer tunnel Waste processing basement

Reactor Building and Connecting Buildings

Reactor Building Coupled to the Turbine Building