The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature The Cold Chain in High - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Opportunities. by: Dr Alaa E. Olama UNEP ‐ IIR Side Event Global Partnership “Energy Efficiency & Refrigerants Management Towards Sustainable Cold Chain.” 1 st November, Dubai, UAE

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Contents: Challenges: ‐ Defining the Cold Chain. ‐ I Improving the Five Stages of the Cold Chain i th Fi St f th C ld Ch i Solutions and Future Technologies: ‐ Modern Technologies to Increase the Efficiency of the Cold Chain O Opportunities: t iti ‐ Available opportunities in HAT Countries

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges: Defining the Cold Chain: 1 ‐ The Cold Chain is responsible for the refrigeration of fresh food from the farm shed to the family kitchen and to Export. 2 ‐ It is so extensive, diverse, energy intensive and vital to the functioning of our modern cities that it could be regarded as a piece of the national infrastructure. 3 ‐ It is of the same scale of importance as: Main Highways, Fresh water distribution networks and national electric networks. 4 ‐ It is an essential service for a modern city.

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Electric Consump ‐ ‐ tion, Australia.. t o , ust a a.. 20 % for the FC. ‐ source: ColdHardFacts.

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. The Five Stages of the Cold Chain The Five Stages of the Cold Chain: Stage 1: Cooling and Chilling ( Industrial Application) Pre ‐ cooling, chilling, freezing at source. ( Some HAT countries losses 40% of its fresh fruits and vegetable produce because of the break ‐ down of the Food Chain .) Advantages: Retains Nutritional value of product, add several Days to self life, reduces food losses and improves quality and food safety.

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Stage 2: Storage (Industrial Application) Store in a Cold Store to sort and repackage. A worldwide increase in the capacity of public refrigerated warehouses driven by growing trade & consumption rates of perishable products (large logistical Hubs).

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Stage 2 (Continued): Large Logistic Hubs, Sealed Cold Store Platforms and refrigerated preparations Areas.

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Stage 3: Transportation ( Commercial Application) Transportation in Refrigerated containers and Trucks to markets and for Export. Diverse, harsh working conditions especially in HAT countries.

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Stage 4: Display and sale (Retail Application) refrigerated Commercial Service Cabinets, used in Super and Hyper markets (vast majority are integral cabinets).

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Stage 5: Home Delivery & Storage into domestic fridges New domestic fridges use HFS ‐ free refrigerants (HC).

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Improving the Five Stages of the Cold Chain: Modern Trends to Increase the efficiency of the Cold Chain (Technology Scale). No. Technology M L H 1 Energy saving. 2 Applicability to a certain HAT country. 3 Ease and place of Application. 4 Cost. 5 Interaction with other technologies. 6 6 W t Water consumption. ti 7 Maintainability.

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Solutions and Future Technologies: ‐ Modern Technologies to Increase the Efficiency of the Cold Chain. Domestic Technologies: There are over 20 New Technologies developed or on the verge of being implemented that promises improvements in Technology Scale, I will choose three of those 1 ‐ Phase Change Material (PCM): saves 30% of electric consumption when applied in evaporator and 10% of consumption when applied to condenser. 2 ‐ Wide Glide Refrigerants: saves 17% of consumption when applied to a two temperatures regimes. 3 ‐ On Demand Defrost: saves 10% of consumption.

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Solutions and Future Technologies: (cont) ‐ Modern Technologies to Increase the Efficiency of the Cold Chain. Commercial Technologies: There are over 40 New Technologies developed or on the verge of being implemented that promises improvements in Technology Scale, I will choose three of those: 1 ‐ Frigesco Defrost: saves 40% of electric Power consumption when applied in evaporators and coolers. 2 ‐ Nano Particles Refrigerant Infusion: saves 10 to 25% of electric power consumption by increasing heat transfer coefficients by 50 to 275%. 3 ‐ Ground Source Cooling: saves 30% of electric power consumption.

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Solutions and Future Technologies: (cont.) ‐ Modern Technologies to Increase the Efficiency of the Cold Chain. Industrial Technologies: There are over 10 New Technologies developed or on the verge of being implemented that promises improvements in Technology Scale, I will choose three of those. 1 ‐ Optimisation of Industrial Chillers: variable speed drives, EC fan motors,… 2 ‐ Continuous fin sheet heat exchangers to handle frost accumulating and defrosting. 3 Cascade Systems 3 ‐ Cascade Systems.

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Future Technologies: 1 Di 1 ‐ District Refrigeration i R f i i

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. 2 ‐ Cascade System (NH3/ CO2) Where Ammonia is located in the outdoor part of the cascade and CO2 in the lower part inside the premises thus limiting ammonia toxicity issue and making use of CO2 low triple inside the premises, thus limiting ammonia toxicity issue and making use of CO2 low triple point in the lower temperature side of the cycle.

3- Absorption / CO2 cascade system: for supermarkets: LT and MT

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. 4 ‐ Solar Refrigeration

The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: The Cold Chain in High Ambient Temperature Countries: Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Challenges, solutions, future technologies and Opportunities. Opportunities: Opportunities in HAT Countries. 1 ‐ Building 30 to 40 Logistic Hub Platform to serves the growing demand for fresh refrigerated 1 B ildi 30 t 40 L i ti H b Pl tf t th i d d f f h f i t d produce, each 30,000 to 100, 000 Tons products. 2 ‐ Introducing CO2 cascade system in HAT countries. 3 ‐ District Refrigeration Schemes. 4 ‐ Solar cascade systems. 5 ‐ Ground source refrigeration schemes. 5 Ground source refrigeration schemes.