The Electronic Cigarette: Effects on Craving, Withdrawal Symptoms - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Mar 15, 2023 177 likes •314 views

The Electronic Cigarette: Effects on Craving, Withdrawal Symptoms and Memory Dawkins, L., Turner, J. & Soar, K. Recreational Drugs Research Team, UEL http://www.uel.ac.uk/psychology/research/drugs .htm The E-cigarette: what is it? A

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Dawkins, L., Turner, J. & Soar, K. Recreational Drugs Research Team, UEL http://www.uel.ac.uk/psychology/research/drugs .htm

The Electronic Cigarette: Effects on Craving, Withdrawal Symptoms and Memory

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The E-cigarette: what is it?

A battery-

perated

device which delivers nicotine via an inhaled vapour

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Previous studies

Bullen et al. (2010)

– Relative to 0mg, the16mg (Ruyan) e-cig reduced craving but not withdrawal symptoms over 60 minutes. – Mean tmax: 19.6 mins; mean Cmax: 1.3ng/mL

Eissenberg (2010)

– Compared 2 brands of 16mg e-cigs to tobacco smoking – Only tobacco smoking sig raised blood nicotine levels – Both e-cigs ineffective at suppressing craving

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Aim:

To explore the effects of the electronic cigarette (‘White Super’;TECC) on nicotine withdrawal symptoms, craving and working memory

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Methods:

Participants: 85 regular smokers abstinent for

at least 1 hour

Randomly allocated to ‘nicotine’, ‘placebo’ or

‘just-hold’ (single-blind)

Rated craving and withdrawal symptoms

before, 5 & 20 minutes after using the e-cig ‘ad-lib’ for 5 minutes

A subset (N = 60) completed a working

memory task

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Measures

Single item craving scale
Mood and Physical Symptoms Scale (MPSS)
Trigram Working Memory Task (Brown &

Peterson)

T B N

3 sec presentation Count backwards in threes

RECALL

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Results: demographics

Nicotine N = 30 Placebo N = 28 Just hold N = 27 Total N = 85 Age 27.70

(8.51)

28.93

(9.82)

31.26

(8.76)

29.23

(9.05)

FTND 4.53

(2.24)

5.71

(1.72)

5.37

(2.31)

5.19

(2.14)

Gender M:F 14:16 15:13 13:14 42:43 Ethnicity B:W:A:O 7:16:6:1 11:6:4:3 8:11:7:1 26:33:17:5

B = Black; W = White; A = Asian; O = other/undisclosed

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Results: craving

# indicates sig difference from baseline * indicates sig difference from just hold ^ indicates sig difference from placebo at each time point (p < 0.05)

# * #

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Results: withdrawal symptoms

# indicates sig difference from baseline * indicates sig difference from just hold ^ indicates sig difference from placebo at each time point (p < 0.05)

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Results: WM

* * *

* indicates a significant difference (p < 0.01) from parallel interval duration under nicotine

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Summary & Conclusions

The e-cigarette can reduce craving and (to a

lesser extent) nicotine withdrawal symptoms

BUT the actual nicotine content may be

more important for males than females

Nicotine e-cigarette can prevent the memory

decrement that usually occurs with increasing delays/interference (needs replicating)

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Acknowledgements

Tom Kent (undergraduate student)
Surrayyah Hasna (Undergraduate student)
Dawn Markham (Undergraduate student)
The Electronic Cigarette Company