THE AUSTRIAN CASE STUDY E-Mobility in Austria and Results of the - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

THE AUSTRIAN CASE STUDY

E-Mobility in Austria and Results of the COMPETT project activities

11 June 2015 // Reinhard Jellinek

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01 OVERVIEW ON E-MOBILITY IN AUSTRIA 02 COMPETT PROJECT ACTIVITIES – SELECTED RESULTS

INHALTSVERZEICHNIS

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AUSTRIA HAS BEEN A PIONEER IN E-MOBILITY – FROM 1899 TO TODAY

Lohner-Porsche e-Phaeton, Vienna, 1899 Pilot region VLOTTE: eThink, iMieV, Tesla R, Vorarlberg 2009 E-Mobility in Tourism, 1998 Werfenweng, Salzburg BEL 2500 Bergmann e-truck Post 1950 – 1983, Vienna Austro Daimler-Tudor e-parcel- carrier, k.&.k. Austrian Post, 1913 e-mobility Post, vans and e-bikes, Vienna, since 2012

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• Daily average km per private passenger vehicle in Austria:

about 35 km

• Vehicles used by the City of Vienna have an average annual mileage of

7,000 km (Austria: approx. 15,000 km)

• 50% of trips are less than 5km
• Automotive sector is important:
• More than 175,000 employees,
• Turnover around 30 Billion €/a
• Extensive expertise in the drive train (BMW, Opel, AVL, Magna)
• Target defined in the energy strategy: 250,000 EVs (BEV and PHEV)

by 2020 (=5% of vehicle stock)

FRAMEWORK CONDITIONS IN AUSTRIA

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HIGH SHARE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY IN AUSTRIA

Source: E-Control

Consumption of public grid Share of green electricity

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ECO-BALANCE OF CARS IN AUSTRIA

Petrol H2-BZWV (Grid Austria (3) Grid PHEV (Austria) BEV (Grid Austria) PHEV (Green electr). BEV (Green electr.) CNG H2-BZWV (4) E85 Diesel Direct Emissions Upstream (power supply) Upstream (vehicle manufacturing)

GHG-Emissions in g/veh.km

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FAR LESS MARKET DEVELOPMENT COMPARED TO NORWAY AND THE NETHERLANDS

Source: Aichmaier, Ludwig: Proceedings REAL CORP 2015

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• Support programmes
• Positive tax framework
• Since 2008: pilot regions and lighthouse projects, demonstrating

technological solutions and regional pilots

• Contrary to Norway, no VAT exemption and almost no non-

monetary incentives such as the use of bus lanes, free parking, etc.

• National subsidies only for companies, cities, etc. (not for private

persons)

STARTING POINTS FOR THE LAUNCH OF ELECTRIC MOBILITY ON THE AUSTRIAN MARKET

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• Financial incentives and purchase tax credits are offered for new cars

with alternative propulsion systems: – EVs are exempted from the purchase tax and the annual motor vehicle tax, resulting in about 4,000 EUR savings over five years – Financial incentives and purchase tax credits for companies and communities are offered within the national climate protection programme “klima:aktiv” – Financial incentives for private users are given from four of the nine Austrian federal states: 750 EUR up to 4,000 EUR per e- vehicle.

• Insurance companies offer discounts from 10 to 20 % for e-vehicles
• Only a few cities offer free parking for e-vehicles (not Vienna)

INCENTIVES FOR E-MOBILITY

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SUBSIDIES OFFERED BY „KLIMAAKTIV MOBIL“

Subsidies With green electricity E-Bicycle € 200 € 400 E-Scooter € 250 € 500 Hybrid € 400 € 800 (with biofuels) REEV, PHEV € 500-1.500 € 1.000-3.000 BEV € 2.000 € 4.000 E-bus/trolleys Up to € 30.000 Up to € 60.000

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• Around 10,000 electric vehicles (primarily e-bikes/e-scooters and

light-weight community e-vehicles) were funded within the programme

• Additionally over 1,000 electric charging points

RESULTS OF KLIMAAKTIV MOBIL E-MOBILITY PROJECTS

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MARKET DEVELOPMENT OF E-CARS IN AUSTRIA

Stock 2014: 3,386 BEV 1,760 PHE / REEV Share of E-vehicles in total stock (4.7 million cars): 0.07 %

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PROJECTION UNTIL 2030 (SCENARIO WITH ADDITIONAL MEASURES)

From 2018 functioning mass market for e-cars. Share of e-cars in new registrations increasing from 18% in 2020 up to 80% in 2030.

Projected e-vehicle stock

Total (incl. REEV) Stock of vehicles Source: Austrian Environment Agency PHEV BEV

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• 1,900 charging stations (not charging points/plugs)
• Lack of rapid charging stations
• Demand for rapid charging stations

until 2020: 60-90

CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE

e-tankstellen-finder.com CEE 3 polig 313 CEE 5 polig 289 CEE 7 polig 13 Typ2 Plug 161 Home Plug 1,070 Yazaki Typ1 4 XLR Stecker 48 CHAdeMO 9 Total 1,907

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• Initiated by the Austrian Climate and Energy Fund
• Focusing on electric vehicles powered by renewable energy sources

and the integration of “vehicle use schemes”: – Users within the pilot regions pay a monthly “mobility rate” which includes not only the electric vehicle, but also the use of public transport.

• To date, seven pilot regions have been established reaching about

3.5 million people or 40 percent of the population of Austria

• Around 50% of EVs in Austria are on the move in the pilot regions

PILOT REGIONS FOR E-MOBILITY

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AUSTRIAN PILOT REGIONS FOR E-MOBILTITY

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• 120-150 km range of e-vehicles is sufficient for daily journeys
• 80 to 90 % of slow charging at home/office with ordinary power

plugs (2.3 kW power). Re-charging of batteries is only needed every third day

• Public charging stations are psychologically important, but little used,

except for fast, high power (55kW) charging stations

• Despite available subsidies and tax reductions, the total costs of
• wnwership of e-cars are, for most car models, still considerably

higher in Austria compared to conventional cars: 3,000 – 13,000 EUR

• ver a period of 8 years.
• Thus financial support is crucial for a further market development at

present

• Supply with new renewable energy is not a problem

LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE PILOT REGIONS

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• 1st EcoDriving Competition with e-Cars in Austria, May 2014
• Vehicle: VW e-up
• 50 participants
• Winner: 6.8 kWh/100km

LAST BUT NOT LEAST: ECODRIVING = less than 1 liter diesel!

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• Objective: Find out about barriers and success factors for

e-mobility

– Nation-wide survey:

• Socio-demographic aspects
• Mobility behaviour
• Attitudes, motiviation and barriers in respect to e-mobility

– Corresponding as close as possible with the Norwegian questionnaire – Sample: 400 persons; 34 with a battery electric car – Not representative for the Austrian population in terms of age, sex, education level, households income, location of residence!

PART II: SELECTED ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE COMPETT PROJECT

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• One of the eight Austrian Pilot Regions for e-mobility
• Population: 100,000; Capital of the federal state of Carinthia
• High motorisation level (572 cars/1000 inhabitants in 2007)
• 80% of commuters are using their own car
• Share of public transport in modal split is only 5.7%

(cars as driver has 60%)

• In January 2014, an „Action plan for mobility“ with more than 90

measures was introduced

REGIONAL STUDY IN KLAGENFURT AM WÖRTHERSEE

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• General telephone survey amon residents (105 participants)
• Interviews with users of e-vehicles
• Including specific questions on existing initiatives:

– e-cars test vehicles – e-car sharing – e-taxis – e-vehicles used by businesses, including goods transport

ACTIVITIES IN KLAGENFURT

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• Main motivation of users to buy an e-car

1. perception that it is more environmental friendly 2. driving an e-car is good fun 3. low operating costs For companies also marketing purposes

• Main Worries

1. high purchase price 2. poor public charging infrastructure 3. limited range for special trips (going on holidays, driving to Vienna)

SELECTED RESULTS OF AUSTRIAN SURVEYS (1/4)

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• For potential users, the most important motivation to buy an e-car

would be 1. a lower purchase price 2. a range equal to petrol/diesel 3. a well developed network of public charging stations

• Non-monetary incentives (use of bus lanes, free parking) are far less

important

SELECTED RESULTS OF AUSTRIAN SURVEYS (2/4)

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• 10% have concrete plans to buy an e-car in the near future:

– 50% to replace their only car – 38% to replace one car in a multi car household – 13% want to buy it as an additional car

• Around 2/3 are considering to buy an e-car as a viable option

but do not have concrete plans yet

SELECTED RESULTS OF AUSTRIAN SURVEYS (3/4)

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• Changes in mobility behavior of e-car users:

– About 40% of the respondents stated that their mobility has not changed at all – 2/3 stated that they now drive less with conventionally fuelled cars or motorcycles – Only a minority reported that they walk and cycle or use public transport less – Some respondents reported that they drive less while others reported that they drive more since having access to the battery electric car

• Users are very happy with their purchase, they feel it’s better than

expected, would buy again and recommend to others

SELECTED RESULTS OF AUSTRIAN SURVEYS (4/4)

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• There is a substantial potential for replacing cars with internal combustion

engines by battery electric vehicles

• In Austria most EVs are owned by companies rather than private individuals

(mainly due to subsidies focusing on companies and private persons are concerned about the range)

• Users are very happy with their purchase, they feel it’s better than expected,

would buy again and recommend to others

• Main motivations for users: Environmental aspects, fun to drive,

marketing (for companies)

• Incentives such as use of bus lanes and free parking in cities are rare and not

considered as a major motivation by potential users

• One major concern: Poor public charging infrastructure.

Fast charging stations used to be rare – and existing ones rarely used (however, development is on the way)

THE AUSTRIAN CASE – SUMMARY

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Klagenfurt, 16-17 September 2015

www.cemobil.eu INVITATION TO OUR PILOT REGION

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Reinhard Jellinek Scientific Officer AUSTRIAN ENERGY AGENCY — Mariahilfer Straße 136 | 1150 Vienna | Austria reinhard.jellinek@energyagency.at | www.energyagency.at

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