The Asian Perspective Presented by: Dr. Jaime Calderon - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

ASEF and Casa Asia: Public Talk 7 March 2012 Barcelona, Spain Health and Migration: perspectives from Asia and Europe: The Asian Perspective Presented by: Dr. Jaime Calderon International Organization for Migration 1

Structure of Presentation 1. Migration Dynamics and Trends in Asia 2. What are the social determinants that affect migrants’ health? 3. Current commitments and initiatives that address migration related health challenges in Asia? 2

Mig Migration tion Dynamics Dynamics and T and Trends in Asia ends in Asia 3

Global Estimates of Migrant Populations, 2010 4

Global Migrant Stock Migrant stock as percentage of total population, 2010 UN: http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/2009Migration_Chart/ittmig_wallchart09.pdf 5

Migrants from Colombo Process Countries in EU, 2009 MAIN PURPOSE OF ENTRY: Family Reunification: TH (47.4%), PK (38.1%) Education: NP (62.7%) Employment: VN (63.4%), LK (62.9%), PH (62.5%), BD (54.6%), IN (51.1%) Other + Humanitarian: AF (61.2%) Mix: CH & ID SOURCE: IOM LINET elaboration on Eurostat data 6

Migration Trends in Asia • Increasing labour out-migration since 2005 • India, China, Bangladesh, Pakistan and the Philippines are among the top 10 emigration countries worldwide • Middle East is the primary destinations for temporary labour • Significant flows within Asia • Irregular migration remains high 7

Migration Trends in Asia • Increasing numbers of female migrants – ‘Feminization of migration • Decreasing number of women migrants leaving through the formal channels; in China the proportion of women migrating domestically is increasing • Low and unskilled migration flows dominate • Remittances continue to grow 8

Social Det Social Deter erminants minants o of t the Hea he Health lth of of Mig Migrants ants 9

Migration Health Myths Common myths: 1. Migrants are carriers of diseases 2. Migrants are a burden on the health system Reality: – Migrants are healthy and often underutilize services – Migrants are very diverse, the health profile of a migrant depends on the characteristic of the migration process at all stages – Conditions surrounding the migration process makes migrants more vulnerable – Migrants contribute hugely to economic development in both sending and receiving countries 10

Social Determinants of Health Source: http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/23/5/318/F1.large.jpg 11

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Current commitments and initiatives that address migration related health challenges in Asia? 14

Promoting Global Action WHA 61.17 Health of Migrants • Adopted in May 2008 • Spear-headed by the Portuguese government • lays out concrete and overlapping action points for the WHO as well as its member states 15

WHA WHA Resolut esolution on ion on Mig Migran ant t Health Health Ac Actio tion n Poin oints ts Moni nitoring toring Migran rant Healt alth Polic icy- legal al frame amewor orks  Develop op health lth informati mation on systems ms,  Promote migrant ant sensitiv tive health th polici cies es collect ect & dissemina inate data ta  Include clude migrant rant health th in regiona onal/n /nati tion onal al  Assess, ana nalys lyse e migrants rants' ' health lth strat ategie egies  Disagg ggregat regate e info by relevan ant t categor egorie ies  Conside der imp mpac act t of policie ies of ot other r sector ors Par Partne nershi hips ps, , ne networks rks & multi i countr untry Migran rant t sens nsit itiv ive e healt lth h systems tems frame ameworks orks  Strengt engthen en health th systems; ms; fill gaps in health lth service e deliver ery y  Promote dialogue ogue and d coopera rati tion on among ong  Train in health th work rkfor orce ce on migran rant t health th member er states, s, agenci encies es and regions ons issues; raise e cultural tural & gender er sensitiv tivity ity  Encou coura rage ge a multi ti sectora oral technic nical al net etwork ork

Partnerships, networks & multi-country frameworks on Migra Migration tion  Regional Dialogue and Programme on Facilitating Managed and Legal migration between Asia and the European Union, 2006 - 2008  Asia Pacific Preparatory Meeting for the Global Forum on Migration and Development, 2010  Ministerial Consultation of Migrant Sending Countries (“Colombo Process”), April 2011  Abu Dhabi Dialogue between Migrant Sending Countries and Migrant Receiving Countries, April 2012 17

Regional gional Commitment Commitments on Mig on Migrant ant Hea Health lth ASEAN Declaration on the Protection of the Right’s of Migrant JAN 2007 Workers, 12 th ASEAN Summit, Cebu, Philippines Joint Recommendations from the Regional Dialogue on the Health JUL 2010 Challenges for Asian Labour Migrants, Bangkok, Thailand Bangkok Statement on Migration and Development, from the Asia SEP 2010 Pacific Regional Preparatory Meeting for the Global Forum on Migration and Development 2010, Bangkok, Thailand Dhaka Declaration of Colombo Process Member Countries from APR 2011 the Ministerial Consultation of Labour Migrant Sending Countries in Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh Joint Recommendation from the 4 th ASEAN Forum on Migrant OCT 2011 Labour, Bali Indonesia Regional Priorities from High Level Multi-stakeholder Dialogue on Migrant Workers’ Health and Access to HIV services in the ASEAN NOV 2011 Region, Bangkok, Thailand Joint Statement of the Asia-Pacific High Level Intergovernmental Meeting on the Assessment of Progress Against Commitments in 19 JAN 2012 the Political Declaration on HIV/AIDS and the Millennium Development Goals, Bangkok, Thailand

Programmatic responses to promote Safe and Legal Migration 20

Promoting Safe Mobility  Edutainment: Animation and Radio Drama series Series 1 ‘Love in the City’ - Labour  Migration & HIV Series 2 ‘On the Road’ - Highway  Communities & HIV 21

Health Health Service Stren Service Strengthe gthening ning IOM MOPH Migrant Health Programme: • The first programme in Thailand to establish networks of paid, full-time migrant community health workers (CHWs) and volunteers (CHVs) • Introduction of a concept of “migrant - friendly” or “migrant - sensitive” health services delivery • Increase health knowledge, awareness and access to basic health services among migrants • Well-established programme within the MOPH infrastructure • Multi-sectoral collaboration; Border Health Policy Development; Health Financing Schemes; 22 22

Health Service S Health Service Strengt trengthening & hening & Policy Developmen Policy Development Inter-Ministerial & Inter-Agency Coordination Framework for Migration Health Development in Sri Lanka National National Steering Committee on Migration Migration Health Health Task (NSC) Force (MHTF) Comprised of Secretary/ Comprised of Secretary/ Director General level Director General level representatives of the key representatives of the key Comprised of technical Comprised of technical Ministries such as Ministry Ministries such as Ministry focal points from each focal points from each Migration of Health, Ministry of of Health, Ministry of stake holder agency (Key stake holder agency (Key Foreign Affairs etc. Meets Foreign Affairs etc. Meets Ministries, UN agencies, Ministries, UN agencies, Health 2-3 times per year (or as 2-3 times per year (or as NGOs , Academics , Civil NGOs , Academics , Civil per need) to decide on per need) to decide on Society) that contributes Society) that contributes Secretariat National policy decisions National policy decisions actively to development actively to development (Housed within the and inter-ministerial and inter-ministerial and planning of the and planning of the Ministry of Health, coordination issues sectoral/ministry policies coordination issues sectoral/ministry policies supported by IOM) forwarded by the MHTF and programmes related to forwarded by the MHTF and programmes related to Migration Health. Migration Health. The dedicated hub that The dedicated hub that Meets once in 2 months Meets once in 2 months coordinates the National migration coordinates the National migration 23 23 health agenda for Government of health agenda for Government of Sri Lanka Sri Lanka

Facilitating Access to Health and Social Security 24

Health Health Ser Service Pr vice Provision vision thr through ough Mig Migrant Sens ant Sensitiv itive e Hea Health Ser lth Service vices 25

Empowerment through knowledge building 26 26

Monitoring Migrant Health through Research and Advocacy 27

Some Ways Forward… • Continue to address the health issues and challenges of Asian labour migrants at the next Asia EU Dialogues • Building of sustainable network to transfer skills and capacities through migration and development initiatives, such as in health • Develop joint EU/Asia guidelines for bilateral labour migration agreements to ensure migrants social protection throughout migration process • Exchange of best practices at both policy and field level 28

Thank you jcalderon@iom.int 29