The Asian Perspective Presented by: Dr. Jaime Calderon - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

ASEF and Casa Asia:

Public Talk

7 March 2012 Barcelona, Spain

Health and Migration: perspectives from Asia and Europe:

The Asian Perspective

Presented by:

• Dr. Jaime Calderon

International Organization for Migration

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Structure of Presentation

• 1. Migration Dynamics and Trends in Asia
• 2. What are the social determinants that affect

migrants’ health?

• 3. Current commitments and initiatives that address

migration related health challenges in Asia?

Mig Migration tion Dynamics Dynamics and T and Trends in Asia ends in Asia

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Global Estimates of Migrant Populations, 2010

Global Migrant Stock

Migrant stock as percentage of total population, 2010

UN: http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/2009Migration_Chart/ittmig_wallchart09.pdf

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Migrants from Colombo Process Countries in EU, 2009

SOURCE: IOM LINET elaboration on Eurostat data MAIN PURPOSE OF ENTRY: Family Reunification: TH (47.4%), PK (38.1%) Education: NP (62.7%) Employment: VN (63.4%), LK (62.9%), PH (62.5%), BD (54.6%), IN (51.1%) Other + Humanitarian: AF (61.2%) Mix: CH & ID

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Migration Trends in Asia

• Increasing labour out-migration since

2005

• India, China, Bangladesh, Pakistan and

the Philippines are among the top 10 emigration countries worldwide

• Middle East is the primary destinations

for temporary labour

• Significant flows within Asia
• Irregular migration remains high

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Migration Trends in Asia

• Increasing numbers of female

migrants – ‘Feminization of migration

• Decreasing number of women

migrants leaving through the formal channels; in China the proportion of women migrating domestically is increasing

• Low and unskilled migration flows

dominate

• Remittances continue to grow

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Social Det Social Deter erminants minants o

• f t

the Hea he Health lth of

• f

Mig Migrants ants

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Migration Health Myths

Common myths:

• 1. Migrants are carriers of diseases
• 2. Migrants are a burden on the health system

Reality:

– Migrants are healthy and often underutilize services – Migrants are very diverse, the health profile of a migrant depends on the characteristic of the migration process at all stages – Conditions surrounding the migration process makes migrants more vulnerable – Migrants contribute hugely to economic development in both sending and receiving countries

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Social Determinants of Health

Source: http://heapol.oxfordjournals.org/content/23/5/318/F1.large.jpg 11

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Current commitments and initiatives that address migration related health challenges in Asia?

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Promoting Global Action

• Adopted in May

2008

• Spear-headed by

the Portuguese government

• lays out concrete

and overlapping action points for the WHO as well as its member states

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WHA 61.17 Health of Migrants

WHA WHA Resolut esolution on ion on Mig Migran ant t Health Health Ac Actio tion n Poin

• ints

ts

Polic icy- legal al frame amewor

• rks

 Promote migrant ant sensitiv tive health th polici cies es  Include clude migrant rant health th in regiona

• nal/n

/nati tion

• nal

al strat ategie egies  Conside der imp mpac act t of policie ies of ot

• ther

r sector

• rs

Moni nitoring toring Migran rant Healt alth

 Develop

• p health

lth informati mation

• n systems

ms, collect ect & dissemina inate data ta  Assess, ana nalys lyse e migrants rants' ' health lth  Disagg ggregat regate e info by relevan ant t categor egorie ies

Par Partne nershi hips ps, , ne networks rks & multi i countr untry frame ameworks

• rks

 Promote dialogue

• gue and

d coopera rati tion

• n among
• ng

member er states, s, agenci encies es and regions

• ns

 Encou coura rage ge a multi ti sectora

• ral technic

nical al net etwork

• rk

Migran rant t sens nsit itiv ive e healt lth h systems tems

 Strengt engthen en health th systems; ms; fill gaps in health lth service e deliver ery y  Train in health th work rkfor

• rce

ce on migran rant t health th issues; raise e cultural tural & gender er sensitiv tivity ity

 Regional Dialogue and Programme on

Facilitating Managed and Legal migration between Asia and the European Union, 2006 - 2008

 Asia Pacific Preparatory Meeting for

the Global Forum on Migration and Development, 2010

 Ministerial Consultation of Migrant

Sending Countries (“Colombo Process”), April 2011

 Abu Dhabi Dialogue between Migrant

Sending Countries and Migrant Receiving Countries, April 2012

Partnerships, networks & multi-country frameworks on Migra Migration tion

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Regional gional Commitment Commitments on Mig

• n Migrant

ant Hea Health lth

JAN 2007 ASEAN Declaration on the Protection of the Right’s of Migrant Workers, 12th ASEAN Summit, Cebu, Philippines JUL 2010 Joint Recommendations from the Regional Dialogue on the Health Challenges for Asian Labour Migrants, Bangkok, Thailand SEP 2010 Bangkok Statement on Migration and Development, from the Asia Pacific Regional Preparatory Meeting for the Global Forum on Migration and Development 2010, Bangkok, Thailand APR 2011 Dhaka Declaration of Colombo Process Member Countries from the Ministerial Consultation of Labour Migrant Sending Countries in Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh OCT 2011 Joint Recommendation from the 4th ASEAN Forum on Migrant Labour, Bali Indonesia NOV 2011 Regional Priorities from High Level Multi-stakeholder Dialogue on Migrant Workers’ Health and Access to HIV services in the ASEAN Region, Bangkok, Thailand JAN 2012 Joint Statement of the Asia-Pacific High Level Intergovernmental Meeting on the Assessment of Progress Against Commitments in the Political Declaration on HIV/AIDS and the Millennium Development Goals, Bangkok, Thailand

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Programmatic responses to promote Safe and Legal Migration

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Promoting Safe Mobility

 Edutainment: Animation and

Radio Drama series

• Series 1 ‘Love in the City’ - Labour

Migration & HIV

• Series 2 ‘On the Road’ - Highway

Communities & HIV

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Health Health Service Stren Service Strengthe gthening ning

IOM MOPH Migrant Health Programme:

• The first programme in Thailand to

establish networks of paid, full-time migrant community health workers (CHWs) and volunteers (CHVs)

• Introduction of a concept of “migrant-

friendly” or “migrant-sensitive” health services delivery

• Increase health knowledge, awareness

and access to basic health services among migrants

• Well-established programme within the

MOPH infrastructure

• Multi-sectoral collaboration; Border

Health Policy Development; Health Financing Schemes;

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Health Service S Health Service Strengt trengthening & hening & Policy Developmen Policy Development

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National Steering Committee on Migration Health

(NSC)

National Migration Health Task Force

(MHTF)

Migration Health Secretariat

(Housed within the Ministry of Health, supported by IOM) Comprised of Secretary/ Director General level representatives of the key Ministries such as Ministry

• f Health, Ministry of

Foreign Affairs etc. Meets 2-3 times per year (or as per need) to decide on National policy decisions and inter-ministerial coordination issues forwarded by the MHTF Comprised of Secretary/ Director General level representatives of the key Ministries such as Ministry

• f Health, Ministry of

Foreign Affairs etc. Meets 2-3 times per year (or as per need) to decide on National policy decisions and inter-ministerial coordination issues forwarded by the MHTF Comprised of technical focal points from each stake holder agency (Key Ministries, UN agencies, NGOs , Academics , Civil Society) that contributes actively to development and planning of the sectoral/ministry policies and programmes related to Migration Health. Meets once in 2 months Comprised of technical focal points from each stake holder agency (Key Ministries, UN agencies, NGOs , Academics , Civil Society) that contributes actively to development and planning of the sectoral/ministry policies and programmes related to Migration Health. Meets once in 2 months The dedicated hub that coordinates the National migration health agenda for Government of Sri Lanka The dedicated hub that coordinates the National migration health agenda for Government of Sri Lanka

Inter-Ministerial & Inter-Agency Coordination Framework for Migration Health Development in Sri Lanka

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Facilitating Access to Health and Social Security

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Health Health Ser Service Pr vice Provision vision thr through

• ugh

Mig Migrant Sens ant Sensitiv itive e Hea Health Ser lth Service vices

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Empowerment through knowledge building

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Monitoring Migrant Health through Research and Advocacy

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Some Ways Forward…

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• Continue to address the health issues and

challenges of Asian labour migrants at the next Asia EU Dialogues

• Building of sustainable network to transfer skills

and capacities through migration and development initiatives, such as in health

• Develop joint EU/Asia guidelines for bilateral

labour migration agreements to ensure migrants social protection throughout migration process

• Exchange of best practices at both policy and

field level

Thank you jcalderon@iom.int

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