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May 12, 2023 277 likes •524 views

TERTIARY OIL-PRONE COALS AND CARBONACEOUS SHALES IDENTIFIED AS POTENTIAL SOURCE ROCK OF THE CARACARA SUR OIL FIELD IN THE LLANOS BASIN, COLOMBIA Garca -Mayoral, M. Flor ; Grimmer, J., Medina, A., Cuado, E., Navarro, J., Rodrguez -Pardo, R.

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SLIDE 1

TERTIARY OIL-PRONE COALS AND CARBONACEOUS SHALES IDENTIFIED AS POTENTIAL SOURCE ROCK OF THE CARACARA SUR OIL FIELD IN THE LLANOS BASIN, COLOMBIA

3rd-6th April 2016 mariaflor.garcia@cepsa.com García-Mayoral, M. Flor; Grimmer, J., Medina, A., Cuñado, E., Navarro, J., Rodríguez-Pardo, R.

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SLIDE 2

Geological setting of Caracara Sur oil field (the Llanos basin, Colombia)

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016 2 Tertiary oil-prone coals and carbonaceous shales as potential source rock of the Caracara Sur oil field

Cretaceous

Generalized lithostratigraphic column of the Llanos Basin Caracara Concession

CENOZOIC/TERTIARY Paleogene Neogene MESOZOIC

PERIOD

Paleo cene Miocene

EPOCH

Upper Lower Eocene Oligocene Marine shales Sandstones, shales, and coals in deltaic environment

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SLIDE 3

Carbonera C7 logs and samples analyzed

3 Tertiary oil-prone coals and carbonaceous shales as potential source rock of the Caracara Sur oil field

Multiple pay zones ~2-10 ft each Average ~20-25%; Average Sw~40-60% Formation evaluation log Organic-rich coal and carbonaceous shale beds

  • f Carbonera C7 section

Wireline gamma ray log Samples

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016 C7-A C7-B C7-1 C7-2 C7-3 C7-M C6

CCS-C17

Carbonera C7 section: ~300 ft

Oils Rocks

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SLIDE 4

Carbonera C7 logs and samples analyzed

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016 4 Tertiary oil-prone coals and carbonaceous shales as potential source rock of the Caracara Sur oil field

Wireline gamma ray log Samples

C7-A C7-B C7-1 C7-2 C7-3 C7-M C6

CCS-C17

Carbonera C7 section: ~300 ft

Wireline gamma ray log Samples

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SLIDE 5

5 AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016 Guideline

1. Oil characterization

  • GC-FID (whole oil)
  • GC-MS (biomarkers)

2. Rock characterization: cuttings & conventional core plugs

  • Rock-Eval pyrolysis (organic matter quantity, kerogen

quality, maturity) and TOC (Total Organic Carbon)

  • GC-FID (whole extracts)
  • GC-MS (biomarkers)

3. Kinetic analysis of rocks

  • Non-isothermal open-system pyrolysis (bulk kinetics)
  • Closed-system MSSV pyrolysis (compositional information)
  • 4. Oil-source rock correlation
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SLIDE 6

6 AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016

OIL CHARACTERIZATION

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SLIDE 7

The GC-FID “fingerprint” profile of Caracara Sur oils reveals a mixture of different organic matter sources

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016 7 Tertiary oil-prone coals and carbonaceous shales as potential source rock of the Caracara Sur oil field

m in 40 60 80 100 120 pA 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 FID1 A, FID1A, Front Signal (CCS-C17\CRUDOS\COLUMNA 60M\CCSC17 5054,5-5055 SLUGS.D) IP10 nC10 IP11 nC11 nC12 IP13 IP14 nC13 IP15 nC14 IP16 nC15 nC16 IP18 nC17 PRISTANE nC18 PHYTANE nC19 nC20 nC21 nC22 nC23 nC24 nC25 nC26 nC27 nC28 nC29 nC30 nC31 nC32 nC33 nC34 nC35 nC36 nC37 nC38 nC39 nC40

  • Bimodal distribution (organic matter mixture: marine and terrigenous sources)
  • Light, volatile hydrocarbons evaporated
  • Biodegradation (baseline hump of UCM)
  • TAR < 1.0 suggest predominance of marine organic matter

Terrestrial source Marine source Unresolved complex mixture (UCM) TAR ~ 0.60-0.75 Pr/Ph ~2.0 Contaminants from sandstone preservation foams

TAR = Terrigenous Aquatic Ratio (nC27+nC29+nC31)/(nC15+nC17+nC19)

Oil 5054.5-5055

(Algal/microbial input) (Land plant input)

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SLIDE 8

Source and environmental-related biomarkers suggest a predominant marine component in Caracara Sur oils

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016 8 Tertiary oil-prone coals and carbonaceous shales as potential source rock of the Caracara Sur oil field

0,00 0,25 0,50 0,75 1,00 0,00 0,25 0,50 0,75 1,00 0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0

C28R C29R C27R Crude oils

Terrestrial Marine Lacustrine

  • Algal-type kerogen (marine organic matter)
  • Presence of C30 steranes (marine origin)

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 1 2 3 4 5 H31-H35 % H31-H35 (22R+22S) 4867-4867,5 4883-4886 4886,8-4887,15 4886-4889 5003-5006 5018-5021 5054,5-5055 5058-5059 5061-5064 5064-5067 5112,6-5115 5115

H32 H33 H34 H35 H31

  • Homohopane distribution with H35/H34>1.0,

typical of marine anoxic sedimentary environments associated with high availability of reduced S. Homohopane distribution Sterane ternary diagram

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SLIDE 9

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 4867-4867,5 C7-A5 4883-4886 C7-A3 4886,8-4887,15 C7- A3 4886-4889 C7-A3 5003-5006 C7-1.1 5018-5021 C7-1.1 5054,5-5055 C7- 2.1A 5058-5059 C7- 2.1B.1 5061-5064 C7- 2.1B.2 5064-5067 C7- 2.1B.2 5112,6-5115 C7-M 5115 C7-M 5115-5118 C7-M 5121-5124 C7-M %Ol((Ol+H30) %Gamm/(Gamm+H30)

Presence of oleanane suggests terrigenous organic matter input from angiosperms and constrains the source rock age to Late Cretaceous or younger

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016 9 Tertiary oil-prone coals and carbonaceous shales as potential source rock of the Caracara Sur oil field

  • Oleanane index ~ 25-30% suggests terrestrial organic matter input from

angiosperms (flowering land plants), and this range of values is compatible with a possible Tertiary source rock (Moldowan et al., Science (1994), 265: 768-771)

  • Gammacerane index ~ 15% (water column stratification)

Oleanane and gammacerane distributions

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SLIDE 10

Abundant 25-norhopanes indicate severely biodegraded oils and the presence of at least two charge pulses

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016 10 Tertiary oil-prone coals and carbonaceous shales as potential source rock of the Caracara Sur oil field 0,00 0,50 1,00 1,50 2,00 2,50 4867-4867,5 C7-A5 4883-4886 C7- A3 4886,8-4887,15 C7-A3 4886-4889 C7- A3 5003-5006 C7- 1.1 5018-5021 C7- 1.1 5054,5-5055 C7-2.1A 5058-5059 C7- 2.1B.1 5061-5064 C7- 2.1B.2 5064-5067 C7- 2.1B.2 5112,6-5115 C7-M 5115 C7-M 5115-5118 C7- M 5121-5124 C7- M 25-norhopane

25-norhopane distribution 25-norhopane series

  • Abundant 25-norhopanes coexisting with n-alkanes are indicative of:
  • Severe biodegradation
  • Oil mixtures from different charges: (i) a first severely biodegraded charge, and

(ii) a second fresh and non-biodegraded charge

  • 25-norHop/H30 >> 1.0, suggesting that the first biodegraded charge is predominant

Ol H30 25-norH H29

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SLIDE 11

0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 1,2 4867-4867,5 C7-A5 4883-4886 C7-A3 4886,8-4887,15 C7-A3 4886-4889 C7-A3 5003-5006 C7-1.1 5018-5021 C7-1.1 5054.5-5055 C7-2.1A 5058-5059 C7-2.1B.1 5061-5064 C7-2.1B.2 5064-5067 C7-2.1B.2 5112.5-5115 C7-M 5115 C7-M 5115-5118 C7-M 5121-5124 C7-M

% Req based on C29 sterane biomarkers

0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2

4867-4867,5 C7-A5 4883-4886 C7-A3 4886,8-4887,15 C7-A3 4886-4889 C7-A3 5003-5006 C7-1.1 5018-5021 C7-1.1 5054,5-5055 C7-2.1A 5058-5059 C7-2.1B.1 5061-5064 C7-2.1B.2 5064-5067 C7-2.1B.2 5112.6-5115 C7-M 5115 C7-M 5115-5118 C7-M 5121-5124 C7-M

% Req based on PAHs

Caracara Sur oils have similar maturity levels and each pulse might have been generated at different stages of source rock maturity

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016 11 Tertiary oil-prone coals and carbonaceous shales as potential source rock of the Caracara Sur oil field

% Req (MDR) % Req (MPI-1) % Req (DNR-1) % Req (C29S/(S+R)) % Req (C29bbS/(bbS+R))

  • % Req ~ 0.7 based on C29 sterane isomers (recalcitrant biomarkers) could be more

related to the maturity of the first predominant biodegraded charge

  • % Req ~ 1.0 based on PAHs (weathering-prone compounds) could be more related to

the maturity of the fresh, non-biodegraded second charge

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SLIDE 12

12 AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016

ROCK CHARACTERIZATION

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SLIDE 13

Rocks with high organic richness have hydrocarbon generation potentials typical of type II and II/III kerogens, but are immature

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016 13 Tertiary oil-prone coals and carbonaceous shales as potential source rock of the Caracara Sur oil field

Organic richness TOC, wt % Hydrocarbon potential S2, mg HC/g rock Organic matter type HI, mg HC/g TOC

4700 4750 4800 4850 4900 4950 5000 5050 5100 5150 5200 20 40 60 4700 4750 4800 4850 4900 4950 5000 5050 5100 5150 5200 200 400 600 4700 4750 4800 4850 4900 4950 5000 5050 5100 5150 5200 100 200 300 4700 4750 4800 4850 4900 4950 5000 5050 5100 5150 5200 400 420 440 460

Maturity Tmax, ºC Maturity % Ro (exp)

Immature <435 ºC Mature >435 ºC III II & II/III

Cutting <2% TOC Core <2% TOC Cutting >2% TOC Core >2% TOC

Excellent (>20) Excellent (>4)

4700 4750 4800 4850 4900 4950 5000 5050 5100 5150 5200 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7

Immature Mature

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SLIDE 14

14 Tertiary oil-prone coals and carbonaceous shales as potential source rock of the Caracara Sur oil field

  • Cutting GC-FID profiles differ from the oil profiles (PAHs abundant)
  • Carbonaceous shales and coals have abundant high-molecular-weight n-paraffins (nC27-nC33)
  • Carbonaceous shales and coals have Pr/Ph and TAR values characteristic of terrestrial and oxic

depositional environments (TAR = Terrigenous Aquatic Ratio)

  • Odd-to-even carbon number preference of n-paraffins in the range nC27-nC33 is typical of

immature source rocks with abundant terrestrial higher plant organic matter input

m in 6 8 1 1 2 1 4 1 6 1 8 p A 1 1 2 .5 1 5 1 7 .5 2 2 2 .5 2 5 2 7 .5 3 3 2 .5 F ID 1 B , F ID 1 B , B a c k S ig n a l (C C S

  • C

1 7 \E X ...C O L U M N A 1 M \M E T O D O F L U J O _ C T E \C C S C 1 7 4 7 9

  • 4

8 R M S IN D C M N E W .D )

M N M N IP 1 5 D M N D M N n C 1 4 D M N D M N D M N D M N IP 1 6 D M N D M N T M N n C 1 5 D ib e n z
  • fu
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  • ra
n th e n e n C 2 1 P y re n e n C 2 2 n C 2 3 n C 2 4 B e n z
  • p
h e n a n th re n e /C h ry s e n e B e n z
  • a
n th ra c e n e /Is
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rh y s e n e n C 2 5 B e n z e n e d ic a rb . a c id B e n z
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h e n y le n e n C 2 6 n C 2 7 B e n z
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y re n e n C 2 8 n C 2 9 n C 3 n C 3 1 n C 3 2 n C 3 3 n C 3 4 n C 3 5

m in 6 8 1 1 2 1 4 1 6 1 8 p A 1 1 5 2 2 5 3 3 5 4 4 5 F ID 1 B , F ID 1 B , B a c k S ig n a l (C C S

  • C

1 7 \E X ...C O L U M N A 1 M \M E T O D O F L U J O _ C T E \C C S C 1 7 4 9 7

  • 4

9 8 R M S IN D C M N E W .D )

C 3
  • B
C 3
  • B
n C 1 1 C 4
  • B
C 4
  • B
C 5
  • B
D M E s tire n e C 2
  • X
ile n e A z u le n e n C 1 2 IP 1 3 M N M N IP 1 5 D M N D M N n C 1 4 D M N D M N D M N D M N IP 1 6 4
  • M
e th y l d ip h e n y l T M N n C 1 5 D ib e n z
  • fu
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n e T M N n C 1 6 M D B F n C 1 7 P ris ta n e A /P n C 1 8 P h y ta n e M P M P n C 1 9 M A M A n C 2 F lu
  • ra
n th e n e n C 2 1 P y re n e n C 2 2 n C 2 3 n C 2 4 n C 2 5 n C 2 6 n C 2 7 n C 2 8 n C 2 9 n C 3 n C 3 1 n C 3 2 n C 3 3 n C 3 4 n C 3 5

Carbonaceous shales & coals Pr/Ph > 3.0 TAR > 1.0 Pr/Ph < 3.0 TAR > 1.0 Grey shales

Organic-rich carbonaceous shale cutting samples are immature and have a strong terrigenous signature

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016

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SLIDE 15

Organic-rich carbonaceous shale core samples are also immature and have a strong terrigenous signature

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016 15 Tertiary oil-prone coals and carbonaceous shales as potential source rock of the Caracara Sur oil field

m in 8 1 1 2 1 4 1 6 1 8 p A 5 1 1 5 2 2 5 F ID 1 B , F ID 1 B , B a c k S ig n a l (C C S

  • C

1 7 \P L ... S IN D C M \C O L U M N A 1 M F L U J O C T E \C C S C 1 7 5 1 4 ,2 5 P L U G E V A P O R A D O .D )

M N M N C 2
  • N
a p h ta le n e IP 1 5 D M N D M N D M N n C 1 4 D M N D M N D M N D M N D M N IP 1 6 M e th y lb ip h e n y l M e th y lb ip h e n y l T M N n C 1 5 D B F T M N T M N T M N T M N T M N T M N T M N T M N 9 H
  • F
lu
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n e M e th y lD B T M e th y lD B T M A /M P M A /M P n C 1 9 M A /M P M A /M P P h e n y ln a p h ta le n e n C 2 D M P D M P D M P D M P D M P D M P n C 2 1 n C 2 2 1 1 H B e n z
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a p h to th io p h e n e M e th y lis
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h ry s e n e n C 2 6 M e th y lis
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h ry s e n e n C 2 7 n C 2 8 P e ry le n e n C 2 9 n C 3 n C 3 1 n C 3 2 n C 3 3 n C 3 4 n C 3 5

m in 6 8 1 1 2 1 4 1 6 1 8 p A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 F ID 1 B , F ID 1 B , B a c k S ig n a l (C C S

  • C

1 7 \P L ... S IN D C M \C O L U M N A 1 M F L U J O C T E \C C S C 1 7 5 2 2 ,3 5 P L U G E V A P O R A D O .D )

C 3
  • B
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  • F
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  • flu
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h ry s e n e M e th y lb e n z
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a p h to th io p h e n e n C 2 5 M e th y lb e n z
  • n
a p h to th io p h e n e M e th y lc h ry s e n e M e th y lc h ry s e n e n C 2 6 M e th y lc h ry s e n e n C 2 7 n C 2 8 B e n z
  • p
y re n e P e ry le n e n C 2 9 n C 3 n C 3 1 n C 3 2 n C 3 3 n C 3 4 n C 3 5

“P-N-A oil high wax” “Paraffinic oil high wax”

  • “Paraffinic” and “P-N-A oil high wax” groups of organic-rich cores have the best potentials to be

source rocks. They are immature (odd-to-even carbon number preference) and have large input

  • f terrestrial organic matter (n-paraffins in the range nC27-nC33)
  • “Paraffinic” and “P-N-A oil high wax” groups have Pr/Ph ≥3.0 and TAR > 1.0, indicating oxic,

terrestrial depositional environments (TAR = Terrigenous Aquatic Ratio)

Pr/Ph > 3.0 TAR > 1.0 Pr/Ph > 3.0 TAR > 1.0

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SLIDE 16

Biomarkers support Rock-Eval and GC-FID data

16 Tertiary oil-prone coals and carbonaceous shales as potential source rock of the Caracara Sur oil field

1 5 . 0 1 6 . 0 1 7 . 0 1 8 . 0 1 9 . 0 2 . 0 2 1 . 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 T i m e
  • - >
A b u n d a n c e I o n 1 9 1 . 0 ( 1 9 . 7 t o 1 9 1 . 7 ) : R M 4 9 1
  • 4
9 2 N E W S P E P S I M . D

Tm H29 H30 H31S H31R H32R Ts

Cutting M3: 4910-4920 Carbonaceous shales & coals

H32S

1 4 2 . 0 0 1 4 4 . 0 0 1 4 6 . 0 0 1 4 8 . 0 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 1 5 2 . 0 0 1 5 4 . 0 0 1 5 6 . 0 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 5 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 4 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 T i m e - - > A b u n d a n c e I o n 2 1 8 . 0 0 ( 2 1 7 . 7 0 t o 2 1 8 . 7 0 ) : R M 4 9 1 0 - 4 9 2 0 N E W S P E P S I M . D

Cutting M3: 4910-4920 Carbonaceous shales & coals

C27bbS C28bbS C29bbS C29bbR C28bbR C27bbR

m/z 191 m/z 218

1 5 . 0 1 6 . 0 1 7 . 0 1 8 . 0 1 9 . 0 2 . 0 2 1 . 0 2 4 6 8 1 1 2 1 4 1 6 1 8 2 2 2 2 4 2 6 2 8 3 3 2 3 4 T i m e
  • - >
A b u n d a n c e I o n 1 9 1 . 0 ( 1 9 . 7 t o 1 9 1 . 7 ) : C C S C 1 7 5 6 9 , 9 P L U G E V A P P S I M .

Core plug G30: 5069.9 Paraffinic oil high wax

Ts H29 H30 H31R H31S H32S H32R

m/z 191

1 4 2 . 0 1 4 4 . 0 1 4 6 . 0 1 4 8 . 0 1 5 . 0 1 5 2 . 0 1 5 4 . 0 1 5 6 . 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 T i m e
  • - >
A b u n d a n c e I o n 2 1 8 . 0 ( 2 1 7 . 7 t o 2 1 8 . 7 ) : C C S C 1 7 5 6 9 , 9 P L U G E V A P P S I M .

Core plug G30: 5069.9 Paraffinic oil high wax m/z 218

  • Maturity-sensitive hopane ratios (Ts/Tm, H31R/H31S) reveal immature rock samples
  • Predominance of C29 steranes from terrestrial higher plants

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016 Tm C27bbS C29bbR C27bbR C28bbS C29bbS C28bbR

slide-17
SLIDE 17

17 AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016

MULTI-COMPONENT KINETIC ANALYSIS OF ROCKS

slide-18
SLIDE 18

2-Compound kinetics of “coaly” organic-rich rocks reveal an intermediate behaviour between standard kinetics for type II and type III kerogens

18 Kinetic analysis of rocks

PhaseKinetic 14-compound model 2-compound kinetic model: Generation curves for oil and gas Geological heating rate = 3ºC/Ma Oil generation onset (~80-90 ºC) Tmax (~150 ºC)

  • Since the present-day temperature of the reservoir is ~65-75 ºC, we suggest that oil generation

and expulsion may have taken place from the Carbonera C7 organic-rich beds from a nearby region where they are buried deeper and more mature, probably some Km westward.

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016

Standard type II kinetics Standard type III kinetics

Core plug G48: 5104.25 Core plug G48: 5104.25

slide-19
SLIDE 19

19 AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016

OIL-SOURCE ROCK CORRELATION STUDY

slide-20
SLIDE 20
  • Rock samples have enhanced terrestrial organic matter input (TARrocks >> TARoils)
  • Large differences in maturity prevent a proper oil-source rock correlation
  • These rocks are not mature enough to have sourced the oils studied

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016

0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 1,2 1,4 5100 5000 4900 4800

Oils (MPI) Cuttings (MPI) Cuttings (exp) Core plugs (exp)

Depth (ft) Req (%) (MPI) and Ro (%)

Oils are more mature and have a stronger marine component compared to the rocks

20 Oil-source rock correlation study

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 5150 5100 5050 5000 4950 4900 4850 4800 4750

Depth (ft) TAR

Crude oils Cuttings Plugs

Terrigenous aquatic ratio vs depth plot Maturity vs depth plot Immature Mature

slide-21
SLIDE 21

Biomarkers support these conclusions

21 Oil-source rock correlation study

  • Lower values of maturity-sensitive hopane ratios in the rocks compared to the oils
  • Abundance of C29 sterane in the rocks (terrestrial signature) versus C27 steranes in the
  • ils (marine signature)
1 5 . 0 1 6 . 0 1 7 . 0 1 8 . 0 1 9 . 0 2 . 0 2 1 . 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 T i m e
  • - >
A b u n d a n c e I o n 1 9 1 . 0 ( 1 9 . 7 t o 1 9 1 . 7 ) : R M 4 9 1
  • 4
9 2 N E W S P E P S I M . D

Tm H29 H30 H31S H31R H32R Ts

Cutting M3: 4910-4920 Carbonaceous shales & coals

H32S

1 4 2 . 0 0 1 4 4 . 0 0 1 4 6 . 0 0 1 4 8 . 0 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 1 5 2 . 0 0 1 5 4 . 0 0 1 5 6 . 0 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 5 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 4 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 T i m e - - > A b u n d a n c e I o n 2 1 8 . 0 0 ( 2 1 7 . 7 0 t o 2 1 8 . 7 0 ) : R M 4 9 1 0 - 4 9 2 0 N E W S P E P S I M . D

Cutting M3: 4910-4920 Carbonaceous shales & coals

C27bbS C28bbS C29bbS C29bbR C28bbR C27bbR

1 4 2 . 0 0 1 4 4 . 0 0 1 4 6 . 0 0 1 4 8 . 0 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 1 5 2 . 0 0 1 5 4 . 0 0 1 5 6 . 0 0 2 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 1 6 0 0 0 1 8 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 2 4 0 0 0 2 6 0 0 0 2 8 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 T i m e - - > A b u n d a n c e I o n 2 1 8 . 0 0 ( 2 1 7 . 7 0 t o 2 1 8 . 7 0 ) : C C S C 1 7 5 0 1 8 - 5 0 2 1 P E X T _ 2 S I M . D

C27bbS C27bbR C28bbS C28bbR C29bbS C29bbR C30bbR+bbS

Crude oil: 5018-5021

1 5 0 . 0 0 1 6 0 . 0 0 1 7 0 . 0 0 1 8 0 . 0 0 1 9 0 . 0 0 2 0 0 . 0 0 2 1 0 . 0 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 5 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 4 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 6 5 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 7 5 0 0 0 T i m e - - > A b u n d a n c e I o n 1 9 1 . 0 0 ( 1 9 0 . 7 0 t o 1 9 1 . 7 0 ) : C C S C 1 7 5 0 1 8 - 5 0 2 1 P E X T _ 2 S I M . D

Ts 25-nH H29 H30 Tm Ol H31S H31R H32S H32R H33S H35R H35S H34R H34S H33R

Crude oil: 5018-5021

H28

m/z 191 m/z 191 m/z 218 m/z 218

AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016

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SLIDE 22

Conclusions

22 Oil-source rock correlation study AAPG|SEG|ICE Barcelona| 3rd-6 th April 2016

Carbonaceous shales and coals from the Carbonera C7 section can be potential source rocks for the Caracara Sur field oils: (i) Rock-Eval pyrolysis geochemical analyses have revealed multiple organic-rich beds (high TOC) and good potential for

  • il generation (HI values of type II and II/III kerogens).

(ii) Kinetic simulations indicate that carbonaceous shales and coals can generate oil and gas with kinetics intermediate between the standard ones for type II and type III kerogens. (iii) Oleanane indices in oils (> 20%) suggest that in addition to the marine component, they have also a terrestrial component, and they could have been generated from a Tertiary source rock. Therefore, the oils might belong to a Tertiary proximal marine or deltaic (transitional) environment as the one represented by the Carbonera Fm.

slide-23
SLIDE 23

Thank you!

Cepsa Research Center Cepsa E&P