SLIDE 1
The World’s Leader in Thermal Energy Storage
Thermal storage systems remove heat from or
add heat to a storage medium for use at another time.
For ice or water based systems, this means
Terry Andrews LEED AP tandrews@calmac.com The Worlds Leader in - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Terry Andrews LEED AP tandrews@calmac.com The Worlds Leader in - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Terry Andrews LEED AP tandrews@calmac.com The Worlds Leader in Thermal Energy Storage Thermal storage systems remove heat from or add heat to a storage medium for use at another time. For ice or water based systems, this means
SLIDE 2
SLIDE 3
OVERVIEW OF ENERGY STORAGE WITH A
FOCUS ON THERMAL STORAGE
DESCRIBE ENERGY STORAGE (ES) EXAMPLES OF ES REVIEW ELECTRIC RATES HOW DOES ES ENHANCE THE VALUE OF RENEWABLES CA TITLE 24 LEED NET ZERO DESIGN INCENTIVES (PLS PROGRAM)
3
SLIDE 4
THERMALLY WELDED POLYETHYLENE TUBING
SLIDE 5
SLIDE 6
Edwards AFB CA Encinitas Civic Center Encinitas, CA
Nordstrom Dept. Store Hawaii
Los Positas CC Livermore, CA
SLIDE 7
Stratified Tank Design
SLIDE 8
ENERGY (kWh) Area under the curve totaled for every day of the month
25 50 75
cooling load, % of design
100
midnight 6 a.m. noon 6 p.m. midnight
DEMAND (kW) Peak kW based
- n the highest
peak that occurred during the month
SLIDE 9
Demand charges are additive for many buildings (Summer peak period is noon to 6pm, June thru September, 4 months)
Summer demand charges include: $ 16.74/kW during peak period + $ 18.21/kW for the facilities related demand
What the heck is a facilities demand charge?
It’s a 2nd demand charge for high peak demand that occurs during
the previous month….independent of the time of day. It is defined in the rate sheet as follows:
”The Facilities Related Component shall be for
the kW of Maximum Demand recorded during (or established for) the monthly billing period.”
$34.95/kW
SLIDE 10
Base Load Lighting Fans Pumps Cooling
200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
k W
Demand - $34.95/kW
SLIDE 11
Base Load Lighting Fans Pumps
200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
k W
Charging Storage
600 kW Shed
For 4 Summer Months,
Effective Total Demand:
$34.95/kW $20.970/month saved in 4 summer months
SLIDE 12
SLIDE 13
13
Demand Charges make up 53% of total electric bill. Also check out the huge disparity between on-peak and off-peak pricing.
SLIDE 14
Energy flows mostly one way
SLIDE 15
Stored Energy Energy
SLIDE 16
SLIDE 17
Energy Flows into and out of the grid
SLIDE 18
zero
Solar Panel Thermal Wind Turbine Fossil Fuels Batteries The grid becomes responsible for backup energy when the wind stops blowing or the sun is not shining Fossil fuel is a form of stored energy Designers tend to remove building sited renewable back up equipment
Net Zero Grid Building
SLIDE 19
Procuring 5 times the amount required by utility demonstrates:
The Need for Energy Storage That Energy Storage Technology Exists That Energy Storage is Cost Effective
Courtesy Southern California Edison
SLIDE 20
Courtesy Southern California Edison
SLIDE 21
PLS Incentives
PG&E, SCE, SDG&E $875 per kW shifted $12K to $25K per tank
Water Usage
Provide water cooled efficiencies with air cooled
chillers & ice
21
SLIDE 22
Title 24 employs a “TIME DEPENDENT VALUATION” when evaluating energy usage. This encourages load shifting.
SLIDE 23
The “TIME DEPENDENT VALUATION” uses multipliers that vary with the hour, energy type, climate zone and building type.
Per Energy Design Resources “e-News”
TDV “Favors measures such as day lighting or thermal storage that save energy during periods of peak demand”
SLIDE 24
Performance & Prescriptive Approaches The Performance Approach - Determine an energy budget using TDV per the ACM Manual (The “performance approach” is used to demonstrate that the building exceeds Title 24 standards)
SLIDE 25
THERMAL STORAGE WILL HELP YOU EXCEED TITLE 24 BY LARGER MARGINS FROM 5 % TO 20% MORE THIS IS HUGE
SLIDE 26
Materials & Resources Energy & Atmosphere Water Efficiency Sustainable Sites Indoor Environmental Quality
LEEDTM Credits V3 NC
Sustainable Sites: 26 points Water Efficiency: 10 points Energy* & Atmosphere: 35 points Materials & Resources: 14 points Indoor Environment Quality: 15 points Base Points Possible 100 Innovation & Design: 6 points Regional Priority 4 points
points
*19 Energy Credits are based on ASHRAE 90.1 which is based on Energy COST Reduction
Certified 40–49 points Silver 50–59 points Gold 60–79 points Platinum 80 points and above
SLIDE 27
www.usgbc.org
SLIDE 28
Defined by load shapes Typical applications:
Offices Education Military Bases Government Buildings Hospitals
28
SLIDE 29
20 40 60 80 100 120 1 2 2 4 6 8 1 1 2 2 4 6 8 1 1 2 Time Tons Ice Cooling Chiller Cooling
Cooling Load Profile
SLIDE 30
20 40 60 80 100 120 12 2 4 6 8 10 12 2 4 6 8 10 12 Time Tons Ice Cooling Chiller Cooling Ice Making
Cooling Load Profile
SLIDE 31
20 40 60 80 100 120 12 2 4 6 8 10 12 2 4 6 8 10 12 Time Tons Ice Cooling Chiller Cooling Ice Making
Cooling Load Profile
SLIDE 32
50
Temperature Control Valve
60
Ice
Melted Ice
Coil & Glycol
175 ton Chiller 300 ton Load
44 50
Similar to Chilled Water System
Added: Blending Valve Diverting Valve Ice Tanks (No Moving Parts) Controls Heat Transfer Fluid
SLIDE 33
Ice
Coil & Glycol
300 ton Load
25 31
175 ton Chiller Temperature Control Valve
SLIDE 34
Coil & Glycol
Ice
175 ton Load
44 54
175 ton Chiller
SLIDE 35
Ice
Melted Ice
Coil & Glycol
300 ton Load
50 Temperature Control Valve 60
175 ton Chiller
44
SLIDE 36
With Recirculation Loop for Night Loads
Plate Frame Heat Exchanger
V2 V1 HX WATER GLYCOL P1 P1
To Load
SLIDE 37
INCLUDES: CHILLER CONTROLS PUMP PACKAGE TANKS
SLIDE 38
THE GRID IS CHANGING TRANSFORMATION TO A STABLE GRID &
NET ZERO DESIGNS WILL INCLUDE MANY TYPES OF STORAGE
RENEWABLES ARE DRIVING THE CHANGE MOST RATES SUPPORT CUSTOMER SITED
STORAGE – LOOK FOR DEMAND ($/kW)
UTILITIES ARE ENCOURAGING MANY
FORMS OF STORAGE
38
SLIDE 39