Technical Overview MIRA MIRA 2013 - Pakistan Outline Survey of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Technical Overview MIRA MIRA 2013 - Pakistan Outline Survey of Surveys MIRA Overview MIRA Scope MIRA Tool and Approach MIRA Data Capture Sampling MIRA Key Informant MIRA Key Informant Interview Techniques
2013 - Pakistan
Outline
Survey of Surveys MIRA Overview MIRA Scope MIRA Tool and Approach MIRA Data Capture Sampling MIRA Key Informant
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MIRA Key Informant Interview Techniques ToT – Key Points Use of Satellite Imagery Use of PDAs Simulation Exercise
It doesn’t matter how many resources you have Information is a basic need in humanitarian response
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If you don’t know how to use them, it will never be enough.
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http://pakresponse.org/pak/sos
MIRA Scope
Extent and scale Priorities and needs
Remote Sensing i.e. analysis of satellite imageries
Land scan 2010 for population density
Community level assessment Sample based survey
Statistically representative to districts Distribution is proportionate
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population density
Verification against government data and local authorities
Post disaster district check list Distribution is proportionate to affected population for Tehsils/Talukas
MIRA Tool and Approach
Tool Approach
Key Informant Interviews (Gender-balanced)
1 Male 1 Female
(feeding into analysis framework)
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Direct Observation
1 per site
MIRA District Checklist
(affected Pop and Damages)
MIRA Data Capture
Tool Advantaged Usage Paper-based questionnaire Require no knowledge of technology Easily accepted by communities Government response Joint response in areas of sensitivity
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sensitivity Digital input (PDA/Smart phone technology) Direct data (real-time) input – improve quality and effectiveness Joint response
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The sample size is calculated to give results within certain reliability limits (5% margin of errors and 95% confidence level). In MIRA 2012, 5% margin of error and 90% confidence level. The sample is then distributed among the
Method of selection and sampling
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The sample is then distributed among the Tehsil/Talukas using PPS (Proportionate to Population Size) sample allocation method. Sample villages Selection using “Simple Random Selection Method”.
And Where:
Sample size calculation formula
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(0.5 used for sample size needed)
http://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm
Sampling of MIRA 2012
NDMA requested the Assessment Working Group (AWG) to assess the following 5 districts:
Sample size:
Planned Assessed Assessed Confidence Level Total % Female
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District Planned Sample Size Assessed Men KI Assessed Women KI Level according to assessed sites Total Assessed KI % Female KI Assessed Rajanpur 119 93 63 80% 156 40% Jacobabad 174 115 85 80% 200 43% Kashmore 129 115 53 85% 168 32% Jafferabad 151 127 78 90% 205 38% Naseerabad 73 73 20 95% 93 22% Total 646 523 299 86% 822 36%
Due to accessibility issues all the sampled sites could not be assessed, however, this will not effect the results significantly.
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MIRA Key Informant selection 1 Male and 1 Female per Site
Careful identification of Key Informants
The choice of Key Informants affects the result of the survey
Selection criteria for Key Informants
Knowledgeable of a wide range of issues: Population profile and figures, security/access, sector information Example of roles: Community leader, leader of women’s group, religious leader, teacher, Lady health worker/Dai
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Example of roles: Community leader, leader of women’s group, religious leader, teacher, Lady health worker/Dai Female key informants should not conveniently be female members of the male key informants rather identify a strong female key informant while selecting male key informant
Key Informant is representing the community including disadvantage groups
Minorities, extremely poor, displaced, etc.
MIRA Key Informant Interviews
The assessment relies on the Key Informant to provide an overview of priorities and needs in community One Male and One Female Key informant interview will be conducted from each sample community A Key Informant can consist of more than one person
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A Key Informant can consist of more than one person
Responses recorded as consensus of people represented
The Key Informant should be objective and impartial, representing the needs of ALL population
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Interview Do’s
Pay attention in the choice of the key informant, balancing time available good choice of respondent, gender and diversity considerations Establish contact first by introducing yourself, team and organization (wear official the tags, if available) Describe the objectives of the interview/assessment,
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Describe the objectives of the interview/assessment, the expected length, the collection method (e.g. PDA) Request informed consent for conducting interview
Interview Do’s
Hold the interview in a place that put the respondent(s) at ease Respect the local customs, behaviors and beliefs. Show empathy and friendly behavior, establish rapport and inspire confidence and trust Speak clearly and repeat the question if necessary
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Speak clearly and repeat the question if necessary Avoid using humanitarian acronyms', always spell the names or the concept (including MIRA) Listen carefully, record data properly Do not presume, do not assume the meaning of an answer, ask politely to repeat
Interview Do’s
Pace yourself according to the time allotted for the interview Note down your own observations about the process and content of the interview if you feel necessary Go through all questions, check before the end
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Go through all questions, check before the end If key protection risks are expressed, refer them confidentially to Protection colleagues for appropriate and confidential follow up. Thank the participant for making his or her time available
Interview Don'ts
Don’t use judgmental tones that may influence responses Don’t show non-serious attitude, maintain a professional tone Don’t read immediately all the possible answers of
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Don’t read immediately all the possible answers of the multi-response questions, let the respondent talk and note Don’t try to influence the responses in any way Avoid arguing with the respondent Let the respondent articulate his/her response
Interview don'ts
Don’t get stuck on a question Do not argue with a team member about a question
If the KI is uncomfortable with the questions, do not insist they answer
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insist they answer Don’t create expectations about future humanitarian support and promises you cannot keep Don’t prevent respondents from asking you questions at the end of the interview
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Key elements of MIRA knowledge
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Land Scan
Population distribution model, database, and tool developed from census using a uniform regular grid (roughly 1 by 1 km) Representing estimated population as projected of 2012 with the population growth
Flood Extent
Sample Selection Affected / Population Calculation
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Flood Extent
Satellite Imagery of inundated area Produced from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) satellite image.
Population Calculation
By overlaying flood extents on land scan, population under the flood extent was considered as affected population.
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Mobile devices?
Mobile devices are now widely being used for data collection. Using GPRS technology to send the data immediately as it is entered in the field. Data entry is easy and friendly. Available in different screen sizes as required.
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Available in different screen sizes as required.
Conventional System of Assessment (Paper based)
Questionnaire Design Field Data Collection Form Compilation Data Entry Data Cleaning Data Analysis
Paper based Computer based Computer based
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Questionnaire Design Field Data Collection Form compilation Data Entry Data Cleaning Data Analysis
Computer based
Using mobile devices
Real time data transfer from PDAs to the data server Online data server (MIRA Server) placed in OCHA Data available once entered into the PDAs Data analysis and verification starts just after the data collection – Live data monitoring
Online Data Server
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collection – Live data monitoring Data manager (OCHA) maintain and have access to data along with technical team members
Data Collection – MIRA 2012
Data from the field was collected through Android based smart phones/tablets. Open Data Kit (ODK) http://opendatakit.org is a free and
solutions.
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ODK used for: Build the data collection form for mobile devices Collect the data on a mobile devices and send it to a server; and Aggregate the collected data on the server and extract it in useful formats e.g. Excel
Data Collection – MIRA 2012 (Contd.)
One Data Manager was assigned from OCHA IM section to monitor the server, data and forms Data entry checks were enforced to ensure the quality of data The data was viewed and cleaned on real-time by the data manager
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manager The data was further cleaned by the analysis team Then the data was available for analysis to the analysis team and cluster IMOs and cluster leads The data was analyzed based on set templates and shared with cluster leads for endorsement
http://mirapk.info User Name: mira Password: mira123
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Assessment Simulation Exercise
2-3 participants – Uncoordinated Assessment
Will conduct individual assessments
A group of 2-3 participants – Coordinated Assessment
Will conduct the assessment together
2-3 participants – Observers
Will observe the above-groups whether they are following interview techniques or not while collecting the assessment data
Remaining participants
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Remaining participants
Will act as key informant of their affected villages
Information Required (in 30 minutes):
fully damaged houses
Asadullah Khan Assessment Coordinator, UNOCHA, Islamabad Khan67@un.org – 0302-8519871 Zeeshan Ahmad Qamar Information Management Officer, UNOCHA, Islamabad
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Islamabad qamar@un.org – 0302-8519883