t s t - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
t s t trtr rs s rr r tt rst
❇❛✐✱ ❏❇✱ ❑♦r✇❛r✱ ❖r❧♦❢s❦② ❛r❳✐✈✿✷✵✵✼✳✵✸✼✵✸
✷
✷
✶ ●❡❱ ✶✵✵ ❚❡❱
✸
✹
▼❛❧❞❛❝❡♥❛✿ ❛r❳✐✈✿✷✵✵✹✳✵✻✵✽✹
✺
✻
✼
Q
s − ✹ r ✷ Q)/✷
✽
❡❇❍
♣❧
♣❧
❡❇❍
❡❇❍
✾
W
h
◗❈❉
❆♠❜❥♦r♥✱ ❖❧❡s❡♥✿ ❤❡♣✲♣❤✴✾✸✵✹✷✷✵ ❑❤❛r③❡❡✈✱ ▲❛♥❞st❡✐♥❡r✱ ❙❝❤♠✐tt✱ ❨❡❡✿ ✶✷✶✶✳✻✷✹✺ ✶✵
W
▼❛❧❞❛❝❡♥❛✿ ❛r❳✐✈✿✷✵✵✹✳✵✻✵✽✹
✶✶
♣❧
h
106 1010 1014 1018 1022 1026 1030 1034 100 10-5 10-10 10-15 10-20 10-25 10-30 100 104 108 1012 1016 1020 1024 1028
Charge Q Radius in meters Mass in kg Black hole radius EW corona radius QCD radius
▼❛❧❞❛❝❡♥❛✿ ❛r❳✐✈✿✷✵✵✹✳✵✻✵✽✹ ✶✷
+) T ✹
✶✸
❊❲) T ✹
♣❧
✷✻
✶✹
❈❛❧❧❛♥✿ P❘❉✷✻ ✭✶✾✽✷✮✱ ✷✵✺✽✱ ❘✉❜❛❦♦✈✿ ◆✉❝❧✳P❤②s✳❇ ✷✵✸ ✭✶✾✽✷✮ ✸✶✶ ▼❛❧❞❛❝❡♥❛✿ ✷✵✵✹✳✵✻✵✽✹ ✶✺
✶✻
✷✻
✶✼
✶✽
c) π tr❡❣ < B✷
c
✶✾
❚✉r♥❡r✱ P❛r❦❡r✱ ❇♦❣❞❛♥✿ P❘❉✷✻ ✭✶✾✽✷✮ ✶✷✾✻ ❋❧❡t❝❤❡r✱ ❇❡r❦❤✉✐❥s❡♥✱ ❇❡❝❦✱ ❙❤✉❦✉r♦✈✿ ❆❆ ✹✶✹ ✭✷✵✵✹✮ ✺✸ ❆rs❤❛❦✐❛♥✱ ❇❡❝❦✱ ❑r❛✉s❡✱ ❙♦❦♦❧♦✛✿ ❆❆ ✹✾✹ ✭✷✵✵✾✮ ✷✶ ✷✵
✷✶
✷✷
❡s❝/v ✷)
❡s❝
✷✻
❆❤❧❡♥✱ ❉❡ ▼✐tr✐✱ ❍♦♥❣✱ ❚❛r❧❡✿ P❘❉✺✺ ✭✶✾✾✼✮ ✻✺✽✹ ✷✸
✷✻
✷✹
✷✻
ν
✷✺
M∗
✸✽ , ✺.✶ × ✶✵✸✼ M∗
■❝❡❈✉❜❡✿ ❊✉r✳ P❤②s✳ ❏✳ ❈ ✭✷✵✶✼✮ ✼✼✿ ✶✹✻ ❙✉♣❡r✲❑✿ ❆str♦♣❛rt✐❝❧❡ P❤②s✐❝s ✸✻ ✭✷✵✶✷✮ ✶✸✶✲✶✸✻ ✷✻
✷✼
✷✽
M∗
❉❛✈✐❡s✱ ❉❛✈✐❡s✿ ❙♦❧✐❞ ❊❛rt❤ ✶ ✭✷✵✶✵✮✱ ♥♦✳ ✶ ✺â⑨➇✷✹ ■❝❡❈✉❜❡✿ ❊✉r✳ P❤②s✳ ❏✳ ❈ ✼✼ ✭✷✵✶✼✮✱ ♥♦✳ ✷ ✽✷ ✷✾
✸✵
✸✶
✶✺ ❦♠
P❛❣❡✿ ❆♥♥✳ ❘❡✈✳ ◆✉❝❧✳ P❛rt✳ ❙❝✐✳ ✺✻✱ ✸✷✼✲✸✼✹ ✭✷✵✵✻✮ ✸✷
Φ π λ✷ log(λ/ξ) ∼ ✶✵✹ ◆,
❍❛r✈❡②✱ ❘✉❞❡r♠❛♥✱ ❙❤❛❤❛♠✿ P❘❉ ✸✸ ✭✶✾✽✻✮ ✷✵✽✹ ✸✸
✸✹
✷✻
c✶✵ R✶✵ P, τ❡q > τ◆❙
✶✵ M−✶ ✷✻ τ✶✵,
✸✺
f∗
✸.✷ × ✶✵✹ R−✺/✷
c✶✵
R✷
✶✵ r ✷,
C − A ❡q✉✐❧✐❜r✐✉♠✱ ❞❡♥s❡ ✵.✻✾ M−✸/✷
✷✻
R−✸/✷
c✶✵
R−✷
✶✵ r ✷,
C − A ❡q✉✐❧✐❜r✐✉♠✱ ❞✐✛✉s❡ (✸ × ✶✵−✺) R−✷
✶✵ τ −✶ ✶✵ r,
C − A ❡q✉✐❧✐❜r✐✉♠ ♥♦t r❡❛❝❤❡❞
M∗
✶✵ τ −✶ ✶✵ ,
❆t ❧❡❛st ✶ ▼❲ ❝❛♣t✉r❡ ❑♦❧❜✱ ❚✉r♥❡r✿ ❆♣❏ ✷✽✻ ✭✶✾✽✹✮ ✼✵✷✲✼✶✵ ✸✻
✸✼
1020 1030 1040 1050 10-8 10-6 10-4 10-2 1 1 1010 1020 1030
✸✽
✸✾