T he Art o f Wo rking with the Addic te d Jo hn Ca tro n L - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

T he Art o f Wo rking with the Addic te d Jo hn Ca tro n L MHC, L CAC Clinic a l Ma na g e r Ba ue r F a mily Re so urc e s

Co nte nts  Unde rsta nding a ddic tio n a s a dise a se .  T he impo rta nc e o f ra ppo rt a nd ho w to b uild it.  Wha t is the b e st a ppro a c h whe n wo rking with the a ddic te d.  Ho w to he lp fa c ilita te c ha ng e re g a rdle ss o f o ur ro le .

Bio Psc ho So c ia l Dise a se c o nc e pt

Wha t is a dise a se ?  Ac c o rding to We b ste r’ s Dic tio na ry, a dise a se is de fine d a s “a c o nditio n o f the living a nima l o r pla nt b o dy o r o f o ne o f its pa rts tha t impa irs no rma l func tio ning a nd is typic a lly ma nife ste d b y disting uishing sig ns a nd sympto ms”.  F urthe rmo re , the me dic a l mo de l de sc rib e s a dise a se a s “a ny c o nditio n tha t is Chro nic , Pro g re ssive , Prima ry, a nd F a ta l.

Wha t is me a nt b y Chro nic  Chro nic : the re is no c ure . Altho ug h pe o ple who a re a ddic te d to sub sta nc e c a n sto p using a nd g o into re c o ve ry, the y a re no t CURE D. I f drug use c o ntinue s ye a rs la te r, the a ddic tio n c o ntinue s b o th b io lo g ic a lly a nd psyc ho lo g ic a lly. T he re is no c ure fo r a ddic tio n.

Pro g re ssio n  Ge ts wo rse o ve r time if no t tre a te d. Any a ddic tio n will b e c o me wo rse if no t tre a te d. So me a ddic tio ns suc h a s Me tha mphe ta mine pro g re sse s muc h fa ste r tha n a ddic tio n to a a lc o ho l. Ho we ve r, o nc e a ddic tio n ta ke s ho ld, it will pro g re ssive ly wo rse n until the pe rso n e ng a g e s in tre a tme nt. So me o ne c a n sto p using a sub sta nc e b ut the n c o ntinue to pro g re ss in the ir a ddic tio n psyc ho lo g ic a lly thro ug h e a ting , sho pping , wo rk, g a mb ling , se x, dysfunc tio na l re la tio nships, e tc .

Prima ry  Me a ns the pro b le ms a re no t a sympto m o f so me o the r dise a se . Addic tio n is no t a sympto m o f a no the r dise a se . So me o ne ma y b e g in using fo r va rio us re a so ns suc h a s de pre ssio n, b ut o nc e a ddic tio n is pre se nt, the a ddic tio n will re ma in e ve n if the de pre ssio n is tre a te d. T his is why in a ddic tio n tre a tme nt the me nta l he a lth issue s ne e d to b e tre a te d simulta ne o usly with the a ddic tio n.

F a ta l  Re g a rdle ss o f the sub sta nc e , a ll drug a ddic tio n will sho rt the pe rso n’ s life spa n. So me sub sta nc e s like c a ffe ine ma y no t ha ve a dra stic e ffe c t o n lo ng te rm life spa n whe n c o mpa re d to he ro in, ho we ve r da ta sho ws e ve n we a ke r drug s whe n use d e xc e ssive ly will sho rt a n individua l’ s life e xpe c ta tio n.

Addic tio n me e ts the se 4 c rite ria  Re g a rdle ss o f ho w a ddic tio n b e g ins, o nc e e sta b lishe d it b e c o me s a dise a se .  T his is impo rta nt b e c a use a dise a se c a n b e tre a te d.

Why the a rg ume nt?  Pe o ple misunde rsta nd the de finitio n o f “dise a se ” a nd b e lie ve we a re sa ying its a ll a b o ut Ge ne a lo g y.  Pe o ple wish to a rg ue tha t a ddic tio n is a b o ut c ho ic e s no t b io lo g y ho we ve r the de finitio n o f dise a se sa id no thing a b o ut c ho ic e s, b io lo g y, o r mo ra l issue s.  Pe rso na l e xpe rie nc e s with the a ddic te d le a ding to re se ntme nt.

Po int if tho ug ht  Ca nc e r is wide ly a c c e pte d a s a dise a se , ye t we c a ll a ll c a nc e r a dise a se e ve n whe n the c a nc e r is the re sult o f po o r c ho ic e s.  T he re ma y b e so me pe rso na l judg e me nts, b ut in b o th situa tio ns, we still re fe r to the c a nc e r a s a dise a se (b e c a use it is c hro nic , pro g re ssive , prima ry, a nd fa ta l).

T he 3 fa c to rs o f a ddic tio n  Bio lo g y  Che mic a l imb a la nc e  L ive r e nzyme s  Psyc ho lo g y  Be lie fs a nd e mo tio ns  Ra tio na l ve rsus e mo tio na l thinking  So c ie ty  E nviro nme nt

Bio lo g y

Bio lo g y (c o nt.)  I nhe re nt c he mic a l imb a la nc e .  e x. untre a te d de pre ssio n, ADHD, o r Bipo la r diso rde r c a n le a d to sub sta nc e use / a b use if drug e xpo sure a ids in le sse ning c he mic a l imb a la nc e .  Alc o ho l a nd live r e nzyme s  Alc o ho l b e c o me s Ac e ta lde hyde whic h is to xic to the live r. T his is the ma in c a use o f ha ng o ve rs. T he live r o f so me c a n to le ra te Ac e ta lde hyde a llo wing fo r a hig he r to le ra nc e a nd no ha ng o ve rs. So the use r e xpe rie nc e s a ll b e ne fits a nd no ne g a tive e ffe c ts o f a lc o ho l a b use . Ho we ve r the live r is still e xpe rie nc ing da ma g e fro m o ve r c o nsumptio n.

Psyc ho lo g y  Ra tio na l ve rsus e mo tio na l thinking .

Psyc ho lo g ic a l (c o nt.)  Addic tio n is a c ho ic e , ho we ve r huma n c ho ic e s a re se ldo m ra tio na l.

Psyc ho lo g y (c o nt.)  I n re g a rd to da ily de c isio ns, we o fte n ma ke c ho ic e s a c c o rding to e mo tio na l thinking no t ra tio na l tho ug ht.  We se e k c o mfo rt a nd o fte n ma ke a tte mpts to a vo id thing s tha t a re unc o mfo rta b le o r c a use us pa in.  T he se de c isio ns c a n b e b a se d in “fig ht o r flig ht” a nd typic a lly ma ke little se nse to o the rs b e c a use the y la c k lo g ic .

Psyc ho lo g y (c o nt.)  E mo tio ns a re the g re a te st mo tiva to r fo r b e ha vio r.  e x. Ob se ssive Co mpulsive Diso rde r  Ob se ssio n is the hig hly unc o mfo rta b le e mo tio na lly drive n tho ug ht pro c e ss.  Co mpulsio n is the re pe titive illo g ic a l b e ha vio r tha t le sse ns the unc o mfo rta b le na ture o f the o b se ssio n. Co mpulsio ns ma ke no se nse to o the rs a nd e ve n the pe rso n do ing the b e ha vio r is a wa re tha t the b e ha vio r is e xc e ssive .

Psyc ho lo g y (c o nt.)  Co mpulsive b e ha vio rs a re e mo tio na lly drive n a nd no t so me thing the pe rso n wa nts to do , b ut b e lie ve s the y ha ve to do in o rde r to sto p the unc o mfo rta b le o b se ssive tho ug ht pro c e ss.  Addic tio n c a n b e se e n a s a c o mpulsive b e ha vio r in tha t it is re pe titive , a nd o fte n no t e njo ye d b y the pe rso n, b ut so me thing the y “ne e d” to do in o rde r to func tio n o r to “c o pe ” with e mo tio na l o r b io lo g ic a l sympto ms.

Psyc ho lo g y (c o nt.)  I f a ddic tio n is a c o mpulsio n, the n a ddre ssing the o b se ssio n will le a d to re c o ve ry.  Simply sto pping use do e s no t a ddre ss the psyc ho lo g ic a l issue s b e hind the a ddic tio n. (e x. Avo iding c o mpulsive wa shing o f ha nds do e s no t ta ke a wa y the o b se ssive fe a r o f g e rms).

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So c io lo g ic a l  Huma ns a re pro duc ts o f the ir e nviro nme nt.  F a mily is o ur first e xpo sure to a so c ia l g ro up a nd so fa mily no rms b e c o me instille d a t a n e a rly a g e , o fte n pre -me mo ry.  T he a dults in the fa mily se t the no rms, b e lie fs a nd a ttitude s a nd te a c h/ indo rse wha t is a c c e pta b le a nd wha t is no t.  So if drug use is pre se nt in the a dult me mb e rs, it is se e n b y the c hildre n a s a no rma l pa rt o f life whe the r the c hildre n a re e nc o ura g e d o r disc o ura g e d to use .

So c io lo g ic a l (c o nt.)  Our c ulture a nd sub c ulture s ha ve the g re a te st impa c t o n o ur va lue s a nd b e lie fs o fte n sha ping ho w we ide ntify o urse lve s.  T he drug sub c ulture is o fte n lo we r inc o me whe re drug s a re o fte n use d a s a c o mmo dity to b e use d to b a rte r fo r g o o ds a nd se rvic e s. e x. E xc ha ng ing pa in pills fo r a ride o r fo r fo o d sta mps.

So c io lo g ic a l (c o nt.)  Multig e ne ra tio na l Cyc le  T ra uma , a ddic tio n, a b use , a nd unhe a lthy b e ha vio rs pa sse d to ne xt g e ne ra tio n due to no le a rning o f ne w b e ha vio rs whe n a ddre ssing life issue s.  T rue re c o ve ry re q uire s the individua l to c ha ng e “pe o ple , pla c e s, a nd thing s” a nd b re a k the c yc le .  F o r so me o ne who wa s ra ise d in the drug sub c ulture , this wo uld b e the e q uiva le nt o f mo ving to a fo re ig n c o untry whe re the y do no t spe a k the la ng ua g e , unde rsta nd the c usto ms, o r kno w ho w to na vig a te the so c ia l syste m.

Adve rse Childho o d E xpe rie nc e s  Adve rse Childho o d E xpe rie nc e s We re c o g nize a nd tre a t c hildre n who fa c e ACE s, a nd do no t b la me the c hild fo r the tra uma the y e xpe rie nc e d. Ho we ve r o nc e the y turn 18; so c ie ty te nds to b la me b e ha vio r o n po o r de c isio ns a nd disre g a rd the ACE s fo rme d in c hildho o d. T he a c t o f turning 18 do e s no t re se t tra uma e xpe rie nc e d in ACE s.