Surface Mining... Surface Mining... Draglines... ... and mining - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Surface Mining... Surface Mining... Draglines... ... and mining - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Nov 10, 2022 331 likes •1.01k views

Surface Mining... Surface Mining... Draglines... ... and mining Dragline Methods Dragline Methods History of Draglines History of Draglines First dragline built in 1904 by Page & Schnable Built for a specific need on the

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Draglines... ... and mining

Surface Mining... Surface Mining... … Dragline Methods … Dragline Methods

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History of Draglines History of Draglines

✔ First dragline built in 1904

by Page & Schnable

✔ Built for a specific need

  • n the Chicago Drainage

Canal project

✔ In 1912, Page Engineering

Company incorporated when Page discovered building draglines more profitable than contracting

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History, continued History, continued

✔ Up until 1912 no one had

developed a means of propelling the machine

✔ In 1913 an engineer for

Monighan Machine Company revolutionized dragline by placing two shoes, one on each side of the revolving frame

✔ The Model 1-T became

the first walking dragline

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History, continued History, continued

World’s Largest Machines

✔ 1935 12 CY manufactured by Bucyrus Erie ✔ 1942 30 CY manufactured by Marion ✔ 1961 40CY manufactured by Ransom & Rapier (British) ✔ 1963 85 CY manufactured by Marion ✔ 1965 145 CY manufactured by Marion ✔ 1969 220 CY manufactured by Bucyrus Erie

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History, continued History, continued

World’s Largest Machines

✔ BIG MUSKIE ✔ Muskinghum Mine of

Central Ohio Coal Company (AEP)

✔ Operated until June

1991

✔ Attempting to preserve

as a public historical facility

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History, continued History, continued

✔ Today only two remaining manufactures of

draglines:

– Bucyrus Erie – P & H

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History of Dragline Operations in West Virginia History of Dragline Operations in West Virginia

✔ Joe Hughes of Northeast Mining Company operated a 4

yard Page near Beaver Creek in Tucker County in 1963

✔ During late 1960’s and 1970’s several operations

including:

Imperial Coal & Construction Co. Grant County Coal Corp.L Byron Construction Company Bitner Mining Island Creek Coal

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History of Dragline Operations in West Virginia History of Dragline Operations in West Virginia

✔ 1983 Hobet Mining began operations with a BE 1570 - 80 CY dragline

at Hobet 21 near Madison

✔ 1983 Taywood Mining operated a Marion 183M - 9 CY ✔ 1987 Hobet Mining installed Marion 8200 - 72 CY machine at the

Hobet 07 operations (transferred to Dal-Tex in August 1996)

✔ 1989 Morrison Knudsen began contract mining operations at

Cannelton with a Marion 8200 - 72 CY

✔ 1989 AOWV/Ruffner added Marion 8400 - 49 CY machine ✔ 1994 Catenary Coal Company installed a BE 2570 - 100 CY machine

at the Samples Mine (upgraded 1998 to 118 CY)

✔ 1998 Evergreen Mining comissioned a BE 1570 - 75 CY machine in

Webster County

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History of History of Draglines Draglines Operating in West Virginia Operating in West Virginia

✔ 1999 - 6 draglines in operation:

  • BE 1570 at Hobet 21 Mine
  • Marion 8400 at AOWV/Ruffner Mine
  • Marion 8200 at Dal-Tex Mine
  • BE 2570 at Catenary/Samples Mine
  • Marion 8200 at Cannelton Mine
  • BE 1570 at Evergreen Mine
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West Virginia Dragline Operations Arch Coal, Inc. West Virginia Dragline Operations Arch Coal, Inc.

Ruffner/Wylo Ruffner/Wylo Dal-Tex Dal-Tex Samples Samples Hobet 21 Hobet 21

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Mine Planning.. Mine Planning..

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General Considerations in WV General Considerations in WV

✔ Topographical constraints ✔ Pit geometry (length/width/bench height) ✔ Need for added mobility of machine ✔ Single vs. multiple seam ✔ Development requirements ✔ Contemporaneous reclamation ✔ Economics

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Topographic Map of Dragline Area Topographic Map of Dragline Area

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Coal Seam Correlation Coal Seam Correlation

Coal Seam Correlation Coal Seam Correlation

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Coal Crops / Reserve Boundaries Coal Crops / Reserve Boundaries

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Volumetric Gridding Volumetric Gridding

dding

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Mine Sequencing Mine Sequencing

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3-Dimensional Modeling 3-Dimensional Modeling

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Pit Geometry Pit Geometry

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BE 2570 - Samples Mine BE 2570 - Samples Mine

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Schematic Showing Typical Dragline Operation Schematic Showing Typical Dragline Operation

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General Mining Sequence ‘A’ General Mining Sequence ‘A’

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General Mining Sequence ‘B’ General Mining Sequence ‘B’

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General Mining Sequence ‘C’ General Mining Sequence ‘C’

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Typical Multi-Seam Dragline Sequence ‘1’ Typical Multi-Seam Dragline Sequence ‘1’

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Typical Multi-Seam Dragline Sequence ‘2’ Typical Multi-Seam Dragline Sequence ‘2’

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Typical Multi-Seam Dragline Sequence ‘3’ Typical Multi-Seam Dragline Sequence ‘3’

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Typical Multi-Seam Dragline Sequence ‘4’ Typical Multi-Seam Dragline Sequence ‘4’

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Typical Multi-Seam Dragline Sequence ‘5’ Typical Multi-Seam Dragline Sequence ‘5’

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During Mining During Mining

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After Mining

(1+ yrs. reclamation)

After Mining

(1+ yrs. reclamation)

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Concept of Excess Spoil Original Cross Section Prior To Mining Concept of Excess Spoil Original Cross Section Prior To Mining

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Original Material Swelled 125% Original Material Swelled 125%

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Regraded Cross Section After Reclamation Regraded Cross Section After Reclamation

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Concept of Excess Spoil Disposal Alternatives Concept of Excess Spoil Disposal Alternatives

✔ Two primary disposal alternatives:

1 - Valley Fill (usually durable rock construction) 2 - Backfill on mined-out area

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Durable Rock Valley Fill Durable Rock Valley Fill Construction Construction

Phase 1

Sediment Pond Construction

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Phase 2

Initial Overburden Placement

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Phase 3

Continued Overburden Placement

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Phase 4

Overburden Placement Completed Surface Drainage Conveyances Constructed

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Phase 5

Regrading / Revegetation Completed

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Backfilling Operations Backfilling Operations

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Drilling & Blasting Operations Drilling & Blasting Operations

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Coal Loading Operations Coal Loading Operations

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Typical Cross Section Stockton Coal Zone Typical Cross Section Stockton Coal Zone

Stockton Coal Zone

S-1 2’ Parting 5’ Rash 5’ S-2 0’ Parting 2’ S-3 6’ Parting 1’ S-4 8’ Overburden 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 2. 0. 1.

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30” S-3 2” S-4 Parting 24” S-4 2’ to 15’ S-3 Parting

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Environmental Considerations Environmental Considerations

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Establishment of Drainage and Sedimentation Controls Establishment of Drainage and Sedimentation Controls

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Approximate Original Contour Approximate Original Contour

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Other... Other...

✔Waste Management Plan

Ground Water Protection Plan Spill Prevention Control & Countermeasure Plan

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Fixing the Scars of the Past Fixing the Scars of the Past

  • “Third Generation” Surface Mining

✔ Restoration of abandoned refuse sites eligible for AML

funding at no cost to the state

✔ Creation of wetlands and passive water treatment sites ✔ Elimination of miles of pre-SMCRA highwalls ✔ Extinguishment or isolation of abandoned underground

mine fires

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Pre-SMCRA Highwalls and Deep Mine Entries Pre-SMCRA Highwalls and Deep Mine Entries

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Abandoned Coal Refuse Dumps Abandoned Coal Refuse Dumps

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Acid Mine Drainage Acid Mine Drainage

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Reclaimed Pre-law Refuse Sites Reclaimed Pre-law Refuse Sites

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Wetlands Construction Wetlands Construction

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Related Benefits Related Benefits

✔ Resource recovery ✔ Can address prior environmental problems ✔ Provides opportunities for future use of

resource due to infrastructure development

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Russian Dragline Circa 1998 Russian Dragline -

  • Circa 1998