Supporting the Review of the Thematic Strategy on Waste Prevention - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Supporting the Review of the Thematic Strategy

• n Waste Prevention and Recycling

Presentation by Catherine Bowyer and Emma Watkins IEEP working with BIO Intelligence Service, Ecologic, Unweltbundesamt, Arcadis and Vito

1 - Introduction to the work

• Project Aim

– To assist the Commission in the review of the Waste Thematic Strategy – Primarily a meta study, bringing together information and understanding

• Approach

– Literature review, expert questionnaires, consultation with stakeholder, modelling, desk based research and analysis

• 6 key tasks

1. Trends and developments relevant to waste management

– Current state of play - 12 factsheets on different aspects of waste management – Anticipated future trends up to 2030

2. Diffusion and integration of key concepts

– considering how key concepts specified in the TS are used at MS and EU level

3. Implementation and impacts of the waste TS

– envisaged as the focus of conclusions from the work

4. Delivering a recycling society and markets

– Considering how MS performance compares to concepts of a recycling society – Looking at barriers and factors to facilitate improved waste management, including recycling, in Europe

5. The EU’s impact internationally in terms of waste management

– Considering Europe’s influence internationally

6. Stakeholder consultation

– Expert group and wider stakeholder consultation

2 - Purpose

This presentation

• Introduction to the wider work supporting the Thematic Strategy review
• Support discussions later on today

– Set the scene in terms of waste management performance in Europe and future anticipated trends – Focus on task 1 results

• Complemented by chair presentations on each of the 4 topics – breakout

groups

Today - Communicate and listen

• Introduce themes
• Understand perceptions of the issues from experts
• Open and strategic discussions
• Feed into conclusions

Critical upcoming deadlines

– 1 July – Deadline for further comments following this meeting – 19 July – Submission of draft final report to the Commission – 23 August – Submission of the final report to the Commission

3 - State of Waste Management - generation

Waste generation is increasing

Overall generation

Billion tonnes 1995 2004 2006 EU 15 1.29 1.93 2.01 EU 27 N/A 2.91 2.95 EEA/Eurostat

Across different waste streams:

• municipal solid waste;
• packaging waste;
• hazardous waste;
• construction and demolition waste
• industrial waste

Trends in municipal waste generation

DRAFT FIGURE - EEA - upcoming SOER, draft version June 2010

• Proportion of recycling is increasing

– Recycling and composting of MSW in EU-27: 1998 - 19%; 2007 - 38% (Source: EEA SOER report

2010)

– In 2006 the EU 27 recycled approximately 55% of waste targeted by EU Directives

• 70% of ELVs,
• 57% of packaging,
• 65% of construction and demolition waste,
• 34% of municipal solid waste
• 19% of WEEE.
• Rate of recycling and improvement varies

significantly by Member State and waste stream 4 - State of Waste Management - recycling

Recycling of End of Life Vehicles - 2006

Recycling rates for municipal waste in the EU 27

DRAFT FIGURE - EEA - upcoming SOER, draft version June 2010

• Landfill of MSW decreasing:

– 1997 – 293 kg per capita – 2008 – 207 kg per capita – Range in 2008 from 672 kg/capita in Cyprus to 3kg/capita in Germany

(EU-27) (Source: EEA)

• Incineration of MSW increasing:

– 1997 - 70kg per capita – 2008 - 102kg per capita – Ranges from 0 kg/capita in a variety of MS to 433 kg/capita in Denmark

(EU-27) (Source: Eurostat)

• Preferred disposal route highly varied dependent on the Member

State and national circumstance

• A consequence of public awareness/perceptions, infrastructure,

choice of legal instruments

5 - State of Waste Management - disposal

Treatment of waste - 2006

Eurostat, Energy Transport and Environment Indicators 2008 High levels of recovery Significant levels of energy recovery Incineration as the primary disposal route Primary reliance on landfilling

6 - State of Waste Management - trade

Trade in EU waste with third countries and across the Member States is increasing

• Significant growth in volume of non-hazardous waste shipped from the EU

to third countries ie paper, plastics and metals

– Extra EU15 trade in paper rose from 1.2-7.8 million tonnes (1994 – 2007)

• Key area of export – Asia

– accounts for majority of non-EU trade in waste paper and plastics – trade in paper x10, plastics x11 and metal x5 – Extra EU15 trade in plastics rose from 0.2-1.6 million tonnes (1995-2005) – In 2007 more plastics waste was shipped to the Asian market by the EU, than within the EU – In 2007 half of all waste plastics were exported to China and Hong Kong

• EEA data from 1997-2004 shows a year on year increase in notified waste

exported

• Trade in the quantity of notified waste exported from EU Member States

increased x 4 (including trade to other EU MS and 3rd Countries)

• Most significant exporters of waste in 2005

– Netherlands, – Ireland, – Luxembourg, – Belgium

7 – Expert Thoughts – EU waste management Please feel free to add your thoughts

• Waste production is still likely to increase
• Unsustainable production & consumption patterns in

Europe persist

• Waste management has improved since Waste TS (e.g.

waste streams, landfill diversion)

• Trends difficult to assess due to limited time series data

for waste streams

• Low quality recycling and incineration with energy

recovery have been encouraged in many MS

• Difficulties with data collection for prevention and reuse

hamper the provision of a full picture of the EU’s management approaches

• High variability in performance across MS and waste

streams due to different regulatory regimes, support structures and public perceptions

8 - Future Waste Trends

Modelling work

• Aim

– To provide quantitative assessments of anticipated trends in waste management up to 2030 – To allow comparison with stakeholder expectations

• Approach and Assumptions

– Based on the modelling of three MS groupings based on waste management, economic and social characteristics – Based on best available data regarding waste generation and managament, primarily EEA and Eurostat sources, to be supplemented by additional information from EEA from MS consultation – Assumes existing EU targets will be met

• Next steps

– Approach being checked against those adopted by the EEA for the SOER report – Further allowance to be taken for the financial crisis – Wider review process ongoing - Questionnaires and further info available if you wish to engage in this process – Please make Mike Van Acoleyen aware if you are interested in participating - M.VanAcoleyen@arcadisbelgium.be

Modelling outcomes – initial run

• MSW (EU-27)

– Generation to increase until c. 2016; then dependent on demographic change:

• Landfill to drop; incineration to stabilise from 2018
• Recycling to increase, then stabilise, driven by targets
• Composting likely to increase considerably;
• anaerobic digestion to become more important
• Industrial and other non-household waste (EU-27)

– Generation to increase at a fairly stable rate – Recycling of inert waste and C&D waste to increase steadily but landfill to remain important. – Landfill of other industrial waste to decrease – Incineration of industrial waste to increase until c. 2016 then stabilise – Total waste generation continues to increase

• Export of waste to non-EU-27 countries

– To increase in line with currently observed trends

Expert Perceptions - future challenges

Please feel free to add your thoughts

• Ensuring implementation of waste legislation in MS
• Shift policies from end-of-pipe to waste prevention, factoring in LCA

and end-of-life design criteria during development

• Mandatory measures and targets for waste prevention?
• Greater focus on industrial sector
• Incentivise high-quality and environmentally sound recycling
• Better selective collection and waste quality management (esp. for

bio-waste)

• Full incorporation of SCP practices; addressing loss of resources

(e.g. inefficient recycling, illegal waste shipments)

• Take into account waste generated outside the EU during

production of imported goods/materials

• Impact of the economic crisis on waste management

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Please supply any detailed comments our thoughts to contacts below by 1 July

IEEP is an independent not-for-profit institute dedicated to advancing an environmentally sustainable Europe through policy analysis, development and dissemination.

cbowyer@ieep.eu ewatkins@ieep.eu