Superconducting wigglers fabricated in Budker INP 2001 Konstantin - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Superconducting wigglers fabricated in Budker INP 2001 Konstantin - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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1997 1996 2000 2000 1979 Superconducting wigglers fabricated in Budker INP 2001 Konstantin ZOLOTAREV Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics 2005 2002 2006 2004 2002 K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP History of superconducting

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Superconducting wigglers fabricated in Budker INP

Konstantin ZOLOTAREV

Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics

1979 1996 1997 2000 2000 2001 2002 2002 2004 2005 2006

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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History of superconducting magnet activity in Budker INP

  • 1979 – first in the world 3.5 Tesla superconducting 20 pole wiggler (SCW) for VEPP-3
  • 1984 – 5 pole 8 Tesla superconducting wiggler for VEPP-2
  • 1985 – 4.5 Tesla Superconducting Wave Length Shifter (WLS) for Siberia-1, Moscow
  • 1992 – 6 Tesla Superbend (SB) prototype for compact storage rings
  • 1996 - 7.5 Tesla superconducting WLS for PLS, South Korea
  • 1997 - 7.5 T superconducting WLS with fixed point of radiation for CAMD-LSU (USA)
  • 2000 – 10 Tesla WLS for Spring-8, Japan
  • 2000 – 7 Tesla WLS with fixed radiation point for BESSY-2, Germany
  • 2001 – 7 Tesla WLS with fixed radiation point for BESSY-2, Germany
  • 2002 – 3.5 Tesla 49 pole SCW for ELETTRA, Italy
  • 2002 – 7 Tesla 17 pole SCW for BESSY-2, Germany
  • 2004 – 9 Tesla Superbend for BESSY-2, Germany
  • 2005 – 13 Tesla superconducting solenoids for VEPP-2000
  • 2005 – 2 Tesla 63 pole SCW for CLS, Canada
  • 2006 – 3.5 Tesla 49 pole for DLS, England
  • 2006 – 7.5 Tesla 21 pole SCW for Siberia-2, Moscow
  • 2007 – 4.2 Tesla 27 pole SCW for CLS, Canada
  • 2009 – 4.2 Tesla 49 pole SCW for DLS, England
  • 2009 – 4.1 Tesla 35 pole SCW for LNLS, Brasil
  • 2010 - 2.1 Tesla 119 pole SCW for ALBA, Spain
  • 2011 – 7.5 Tesla SCW for CAMD-LSU (USA)
  • 2011 - 4.2 Tesla SCW for Australian Light Source
  • 2012 – 2 SCW for Siberia-2, 2 SCW for ANKA & CLIC, SC undulator for FLASH (for THz radiation)

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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List of Superconducting Wave Length Shifters

Shifter represents 3-pole magnet with zero first and second field integrals along a trajectory. The central pole of the magnet has strong magnetic field and is used for generation of hard X-ray SR, while side poles are used for

  • rbit correction.

Year Magnetic field, T Max/ normal Magnetic gap, mm Magnetic length Vertical aperture, mm Cryostat type, Liquid helium consumption, LHe liter/hr

WLS for Siberia-1 (Moscow) 1985 (5.8) 4.5 32 350 22

Liquid nitrogen, Liquid helium, 2-2.5

WLS for PLS (Korea) 1995 (7.68) 7.5 26.5 800 26

Liquid nitrogen, Liquid helium, 1.5-2

WLS for LSU-CAMD (USA) 1998 (7.55) 7 51 972 32

Liquid nitrogen, Liquid helium, 1.2-1.6

WLS for SPring-8 (Japan) 2000 (10.3) 10 40 1042 20

Cryocoolers, Liquid helium 0.4-0.6

BAM WLS (BESSY, Gernany) 2000 (7.5) 7 52 972 32

Cryocoolers, Liquid helium 0.4-0.6

PSF-WLS (BESSY, Germany) 2001 (7.5) 7 52 972 32

Cryocoolers, Liquid helium 0.4-0.6

Superbend (BESSY, Germany) 2004 (9.6 ) 8.5 46 177 32

Cryocoolers, Liquid helium <0.5

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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PLS, S.Korea, 1995 3-pole superconducting 7.5 Tesla Wave Length shifter CAMD LSU, USA, 1996 superconducting 3-pole 7.5 Tesla superconducting Wave Length shifter with fixed point of radiation SPring-8, Japan, 2000 3-pole 10 Tesla superconducting Wave Length shifter BESSY, Germany, 1999, 2001 Two Superconducting Wave Length Shifters with fixed point of radiation BESSY, Германия, 2002 Superconducting 8.5 Tesla bending magnet

Superconducting strong field magnetic system fabricated in Budker INP

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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10 Tesla 3 pole WLS for SPring-8 (Japan)

January 2000

10 Tesla WLS installed on SPrimg-8

Pole number 3 Magnetic field in central pole (median plane) 10 Tesla side poles (median plane) 1.9 Tesla Stored energy at 10 Tesla field ~400 kJ Weight of wiggler cold part ~1000 kG Windings of the central pole Nb3S – Rectangular wire by the size 0.85х1.2 мм2 Nb-Ti – Round wire by a diameter 0.92 мм Full length of the magnet 1000 m Pole gap 42 mm The size of the electron vacuum chamber 100x20 mm2

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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7 Tesla WLS for BESSY-2 (2000, 2001)

  • 2000
  • 1500
  • 1000
  • 500
500 1000 1500 2000
  • 2
  • 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Longitudinal magnetic field distribution along staight section for different field levels: 2.3, 4, 6, 7 Tesla Magnetic field, Tesla Longitudinal distance, mm

Top view Side view

  • Wave Length Shifter with fixed radiation

point, where the superconducting part of magnet has non-zero first field integral and requirements of zero field integrals are performed by normally conducting correcting magnets which are outside of shifter cryostat.

  • This variant of shifter allows to

compensate for the first and second field integrals over each ½ shifter parts so that in the central pole the radiation point will be always on an straight section axis at any field level of the shifter.

  • 2000
  • 1500
  • 1000
  • 500
500 1000 1500 2000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Orbit displacement in straight section at 1.9 GeV for different field levels: 2.3, 4, 6, 7 Tesla Orbit displacement, mm Longitudinal distance, mm

Normal conducting Corrector-magnets Superconducting Side magnets Central pole

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Superconducting multipole wigglers

11.10.2011 7 K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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11.10.2011 8

Pole number 20 Pole gap,mm 15 Period, cm 9 Field amplitude, Tesla 3.5 V acuum chamber dimensions, mm 8 x 20

SC 20-pole 3.5 Tesla wiggler VEPP-3, Novosibirsk, Russia, 1979

Undulator light from the wiggler

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Superconducting multipole wigglers

ELETTRA, Italy, 2002

49-pole 3.5 Tesla superconducting wiggler

CLS, Canada, 2004

63-pole 2 Tesla superconducting wiggler

DLS, England, 2006

49-pole 3.5 Tesla superconducting wiggler

Moscow, Siberia-2, 2007

21-pole 7.5 Tesla superconducting wiggler

BESSY, Germany, 2002

17-poles, 7 Tesla superconducting wiggler

DLS, England, 2008

49-pole 4.2 Tesla superconducting wiggler

CLS, Canada, 2007

27- poles 4 Tesla Superconducting wiggler

LNLS, Brazil, 2009

35-pole 4.2 Tesla superconducting wiggler

ALBA, Spain, 2010

119-pole 2.1 Tesla superconducting wiggler

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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11.10.2011 10

Year Magnetic field, T (Max) normal Poles number (main + side) Pole gap, mm Period mm Vertical aperture, mm 7 Tesla wiggler (BESSY-II, Germany) 2002 (7.67) 7 13+4 19 148 13 3.5 Tesla wiggler ELETTRA (Italy) 2002 (3.7) 3.5 45+4 16.5 64 11 2 Tesla wiggler CLS (Canada) 2005 (2.2) 2 61+2 13.5 34 9.5 3.5 Tesla wiggler DLS (England) 2006 (3.75) 3.5 45+4 16.5 60 10 7.5 Tesla wiggler SIBERIA-2 (Russia) 2007 (7.7 ) 7.5 19+2 19 164 14 4.2 Tesla wiggler CLS (Canada) 2007 (4.34) 4.2 25+2 14.5 48 10 4.2 Tesla wiggler DLS (England) 2009 (4.25) 4.2 45+4 13.8 48 10 4.1 Tesla wiggler LNLS (Brazil) 2009 (4.19) 4.1 31+4 18.4 60 14 2.1 Tesla wiggler ALBA-CELLS (Spain) 2010 2.1 117+2 12.6 30.0 8.5

SC multipole wigglers fabricated in Budker INP last 8 years

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Year Magnetic field, T (Max) normal Poles number (main + side) Pole gap, mm Period mm Vertical aperture, mm 7 Tesla wiggler (BESSY-II, Germany) 2002 (7.67) 7 13+4 19 148 13 3.5 Tesla wiggler ELETTRA (Italy) 2002 (3.7) 3.5 45+4 16.5 64 11 2 Tesla wiggler CLS (Canada) 2005 (2.2) 2 61+2 13.5 34 9.5 3.5 Tesla wiggler DLS (England) 2006 (3.75) 3.5 45+4 16.5 60 10 7.5 Tesla wiggler SIBERIA-2 (Russia) 2007 (7.7 ) 7.5 19+2 19 164 14 4.2 Tesla wiggler CLS (Canada) 2007 (4.34) 4.2 25+2 14.5 48 10 4.2 Tesla wiggler DLS (England) 2009 (4.25) 4.2 45+4 13.8 48 10 4.1 Tesla wiggler LNLS (Brazil) 2009 (4.19) 4.1 31+4 18.4 60 14 2.1 Tesla wiggler ALBA-CELLS (Spain) 2010 2.1 117+2 12.6 30.0 8.5

SC multipole wigglers fabricated in Budker INP last 8 years

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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3 groups of SC wiggler

Long period SC multipole wigglers (B0 =7-7.5 T esla, 0~150-200 mm) Medium period SC wigglers (B0 =3.5-4.2 T esla, 0~48-60 mm) Short period SC wigglers (B0 =2-2.2 T esla, 0~30-34 mm)

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Long period (LP) superconducting multipole wigglers

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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11.10.2011 14 7 Tesla 17 pole superconducting wiggler (BESSY-2(Germany, 2002))

Pole number (main+side) 13+4 Vertical beam aperture, mm Horizontal beam aperture, mm 13 110 Pole gap, mm 19 Period, mm 148 Maximal field, Tesla Nominal field, Tesla 7.45 7.0 2-sections coil, material – Nb-Ti/Cu Currents in sections at 7 Tesla field, A internal section external section 145 342 Stored energy, kJ 400 Liquid helium consumption, l/hour 0.5 Total weight, tonn 2.5

Main parameters

Coils connection by cold welding method Longitudinal field distribution in the wiggler 2 sections coil Assembled wiggler magnet

Resistance of the connection 10-10- 10-13 Ohm

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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7.5 Tesla 21 pole superconducting wiggler (Moscow, Siberia-2) Main parameters

Pole number (main + side) 19+2 Vertical beam aperture, mm Horizontal beam aperture, mm 14 120 Pole gap, mm 20.2 Period, mm 164 Maximal field, Tesla Nominal field, Tesla 7.67 7.5 2 sections coil material – Nb-Ti/ Cu Currents in sections at 7.5 Tesla, A internal section external section 160 400 Stored energy, kJ 520 Liquid helium consumption, l/hour <0.03 Total weight, tonn 3

500 1000 1500 2000 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ïðîäîëüíàÿ êîîðäèíàòà, ìì Ìàãíèòíîå ïîëå, Òåñëà

T est in bath cryostat Longitudinal field distribution Lower part of the wiggler magnet

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6.6 6.8 7.0 7.2 7.4 7.6

Магнитное поле, Тесла Номер срыва B

Training effect by quenching

Таблица 3 Параметры сверхпроводящего провода.

wire diameter,mm 0.85 (0.92 with insulation) Ratio NbTi:Cu 1:1.4 Critical current, A 380 (at 7 Tesla) filaments number in the wire 8910

4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 0.85 -380-7T 4.2K 0.85-380-7T 4.5K 0.85-380-7T 3.9K 7.6 Ò ñåêöèÿ 1 7.6 Ò ñåêöèÿ 2 0.85 -380-7T 4.2K 0.85-380-7T 4.5K 0.85-380-7T 3.9K 7.6 Ò ñåêöèÿ 1 7.6 Ò ñåêöèÿ 2 Êðèòè÷åñêèé òîê â ïðîâîäå â çàâèñèìîñòè îò ïîëÿ Ìàãíèòíîå ïîëå, Òåñëà Òîê, À 181 382 6.5 8.2 .

Critical curve of the SC wire at various temperatures. Points represent values of currents and the maximal fields

  • n a winding in 1-st and 2-nd sections at the maximal field

in median planes of 7.5 T esla.

Superconducting wire parameters for wigglers with high stored energy

Quench history 7T superconducting wiggler for BESSY

  • HMI during test in bath cryostat

Quench history 7.5T superconducting wiggler for Siberia-2 during test in bath cryostat

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Medium period (MP) superconducting multipole wigglers

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Superconducting 49 pole 3.5 Tesla wiggler for DLS (England, 2005)

Pole number (main + side) 45+4 Vertical beam aperture, mm Horizontal beam aperture, mm 10 60 Pole gap, mm 16.2 Period, mm 60 Maximal field, Tesla Nominal field, Tesla 3.77 3.5 One section windings, material – Nb-Ti Currents in sections at 3.5 Tesla, A 650 Stored energy, kJ 35 Liquid helium consumption, liter/ hour <0.03 Total weight, ton 2

I15 beamline - Extreme Conditions

Beamline Design Specifications

Energy range 20 - 80 keV (mono beam). Beam size conditions apply for high energies > 30 KeV. Minimum beam size >30 keV is 80- 100 microns. Energy resolution (Δ E/E) 1.0 x 10-3 Photon beamsize at sample Variable, from a few tens of microns to mm Beam divergence at 50 keV Variable with focusing elements Flux at sample at 50 keV (ph/s) 109

Half pole of SC wiggler

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Pole number (main + side) 25+2 Vertical beam aperture, mm Horizontal beam aperture, mm 9 50 Pole gap, mm 13.9 Period, mm 48 Maximal field, Tesla Nominal field, Tesla 4.31 4.2 Two section windings, material – Nb-Ti Currents in sections at 4.2 Tesla, A internal section external section 460 950 Stored energy, kJ 27.4 Liquid helium consumption, liter/ hour <0.03 Total weight, ton 2

4.2 Tesla 27 pole superconducting wiggler СLS (Canada)

Maximal field of 4.3 Tesla, period – 48 mm

Biomedical Imaging and Therapy (BMIT-ID) 05ID-2 (POE-2 & SOE-1)

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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4.2 Tesla 49-pole superconducting wiggler DLS (England)

I12 beamline - JEEP: Joint Engineering, Environmental and Processing Main Research Techniques: (50- 150 кэВ) Imaging and tomography, X-ray diffraction, Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS), Single Crystal Diffraction, Powder diffraction

Wiggler assembling on site

Pole number (main + side)

45+4

Vertical beam aperture, mm Horizontal beam aperture, mm

10 60

Pole gap, mm

14.4

Period, mm

48

Maximal field, Tesla Nominal field, Tesla

4.34 4.2

Two section windings, material – Nb-Ti Currents in sections at 4.2 Tesla, A internal section external section

415 870

Stored energy, kJ

47

Liquid helium consumption, liter/ hour

<0.03

Total weight, ton

2.5

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Pole number (main + side) 31+4 Vertical beam aperture, mm Horizontal beam aperture, mm 14 80 Pole gap, mm 18.4 Period, mm 60 Maximal field, Tesla Nominal field, Tesla 4.19 4.1 Two section windings, material – Nb-Ti Currents in sections at 4.2 Tesla, A internal section external section 441 882 Stored energy, kJ 39 Liquid helium consumption, liter/ hour <0.03 Total weight, ton 1.9

4.1 Tesla 35 pole superconducting wiggler LNLS (Brazil)

Studies of new materials, specially nanostructured materials, in high conditions (temperature, magnetic field and pressure). The wiggler was designed to produce hard x-rays with 100 times more intensity for photons of 10 keV and 1000 times more intensity for photons of 20 keV, when compared to the typical emission obtained in conventional dipole magnets.

Beamline for Materials Science

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Superconducting wire properties used for MP SC wigglers

Wire diameter with/without insulation, mm 0.91/0.85 Ratio of NbTi : Cu 1.4 Number of filaments 312 Critical current (Amp) 700 (at 7 Tesla) Number of filaments in wire 312

1-st section 2-nd section SC wire critical curve

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Current leads block

Design includes all modern trends:

  • Two-section windings of NbTi wire to optimize

field strength.

  • Control the field integral to zero with two

power supply units (for the central and side coils).

  • Minimization of the heat leaks and Joule

heating includes special design of current leads block, application of HTSC, cold welding of the connections, etc.

  • Application of cryocoolers allows to organize

closed loop operation with low liquid helium consumption.

  • Application of passive and active systems

for quench protection and energy extraction.

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Short period (SP) superconducting multipole wigglers

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Parameter Value Operating Field on the Beam Axis 2 Tesla Number of Poles 63 Gap between Poles 13.5 mm Period Length (average) 33.5 mm Operating Temperature of the Magnet below 4.2 o K Covered Range of Energy 5 to 40 keV K-value ~ 6 Current of 1st power supply ( I s ) at 1.94 T 400.0 Amp Current of 2nd power supply ( I c ) at 1.94 T 299.6 Amp Ramping up time of Magnet (up to 1.94 T) ~ 5 min Ramping down time of Magnet (to 0 T) ~ 10 min Capacity of the Helium tank 350 Liters High Vacuum Chamber Vertical Aperture 9.5 mm High Vacuum Chamber Horizontal Aperture 50.0 mm

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1E13 1E14 1E15 1E16 Photon flux/mrad/0.1%BW Photon energy, keV 2 Tesla+ period disorder 1.86 Tesla +period disorder 1.86 Tesla E=2.9 GeV I=0.5A

A 2 Tesla Superconducting Wiggler with a period length of 33 mm and 63 poles was designed and fabricated as an X-ray source for HXMA Beamline at the Canadian Light Source Inc. The specification required a critical energy range > 10keV and k-value ~6. Using the random shimming the periodicity was destroyed to get a smooth and featureless spectrum. The cryogenic system for the Wiggler is capable of keeping Helium consumption close to zero.

63-pole, 2 Tesla wiggler for CLS, Canada Hard X-ray MicroAnalysis (HXMA) beamline

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Materials Science and Powder Diffraction (MSPD) beamline 2.1 Tesla 119-pole superconducting wiggler ALBA-CELLS (Spain)

Pole number (main + side) 117+2 Vertical beam aperture, mm Horizontal beam aperture, mm 10 60 Pole gap, mm 12.6 Period, mm 30.3 Maximal field, Tesla Nominal field, Tesla 2.15 2.1 One section windings, material – Nb-Ti Current in section at 2.1 Tesla, A 440 Stored energy, kJ 36 Liquid helium consumption, liter/ hour <0.03 Total weight, ton 2.5

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Wiggler cryogenic systems

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Vacuum chamber and copper liner

Liquid helium vessel with vacuum chamber fittings

Beam vacuum chamber system

Copper liner LHe vessel Insulating vacuum is separated from UH vacuum of a storage ring and keep at vacuum level 10-6 – 10-7Torr by 300l/s ion pump

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Pole gap and electron beam vertical aperture

g

Direct cooling magnet with liquid helium (magnet in bath cryostat) Indirect cooling magnet Magnet in insulating vacuum Pole gap= V aperture + 4 mm Pole gap = V aperture + 1.5 mm

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Cryogenic System of indirect cooling of magnet

LHe vessel SC magnet He fill/vent turret 20 K radiation shield 60 K radiation shield Beam chamber Beam chamber thermal link to cryocooler LHe piping K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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SC undulator for FLASH (λu=20 cm, B=7.5 T)

Schematic layout of SC undulator and cryostat with integrated cryocoolers

60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x 10

18

Wavelength (), m Photon flux, photon/sec/0.1%bw

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Resume

During last 30 years the following ID and technologies were developed Magnet:

  • SC Wave Length Shifters with field up to 10 Tesla using Nb-Ti and Nb3Sn SC wires
  • Long period (150-200 mm) multipole SC wigglers with field 7.5 Tesla
  • Long period (200 mm) multipole normal conducting wiggler with field 1.6 Tesla
  • Medium period (48-60 mm) multipole SC wigglers with field 3.5-4.3 Tesla
  • Short period (30-34mm) multipole SC wigglers with field 2-2,1 Tesla
  • Using Gd2O2S as filling material in SC windings to increase heat capacity of coils at 4K
  • Using of cold welding of NbTi wires to decrease contact resistance less than 10-11Ohm

Cryostat:

  • Using cryocoolers to minimize Liquid Helium consumption (less than 0.03 l/hr in average per year)
  • Using copper liner to protect liquid helium vessel from beam heating up to 20 Watt
  • Current leads heat in-leak interception in vacuum using cryocoolers

Plans

  • Developing helium free cryostat with indirect cooling
  • Developing vertical racetrack coil wiggler on the base Ni3Sn wire

11.10.2011 32 K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP

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Thanks for attention

K.Zolotarev, Superconducting wigglers in BINP