Stored Energy Forms Stored Energy Forms Lost Energy Transformation - - PDF document

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Energy in Everyday Life

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· Stored Energy Forms

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· Lost Energy · Transformation of Energy · Defining Engineering Problems

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Stored Energy Forms

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Stored Energy Forms

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Spring

Stored Energy Forms

We have learned there are many types of energy. Can you name the forms of energy pictured here?

wind Light

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Solar Food/Chemical

Mechanical, creating heat.

What are these forms of energy? Which one is the most important source of energy on earth?

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Energy that is stored is energy that can be useful, and saved for use at another time. It is often in a form that can be moved from one place to another Can you think of examples of stored energy?

Nope, not a light bulb.

Slide 9 / 59 Chemical Stored Energy - Food

You are busy in school. Talking, writing, learning and thinking all need energy. Where do you get your energy?

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1 Food such as bread, cake and beans comes from A other animals B plants C the sun D both B and C are correct

Pull Pull

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2 The Sun is the most important source of energy on Earth. Yes No

Pull Pull

Slide 12 / 59 Food is stored chemical energy.

We make food from plants, or we just eat plants. Where do plants get their energy? We cannot go out in the sunshine and get energy to do

• things. Plants use sunshine to create sugar, which they

store in their roots, or stems, or leaves and fruit.

Slide 13 / 59 Why do plants store energy?

Plants store energy for many reasons. Plants store energy in their roots so they can make leaves in spring. Humans and other animals eat the roots to give ourselves energy. Pull Pull

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3 This bean is using energy stored in its seed to grow. This is a form of ______ energy. A light B spring C electric D chemical

Pull Pull

Slide 15 / 59 Stored Chemical Energy - Fuel

You either walked to school, or you were driven in a car or bus. We have seen how you got energy, but what about a car? Gasoline is a fuel that releases energy to a car when it is

• burned. A car must have a form
• f stored energy that can go with
• it. When the energy is used, the

driver needs to get more gasoline.

Slide 16 / 59 Types of Fuels

Match the fuel to the use of that fuel.

Slide 17 / 59 Electricity can be stored energy.

When electricity is flowing in a wire, that is not stored energy. However, electricity can be stored in batteries. Do batteries fit the criteria? Portable? Do not need to be used immediately? Do they give energy in a specific way?

Slide 18 / 59 Batteries are great sources of stored energy!

Different types of batteries have specific uses. What do you use batteries for? This battery is rechargeable. It is storing electricity for use someplace else.

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4 A fuel is a substance which A is burned B can be solid, like wood C can be liquid, like gasoline D all of these are true

Pull Pull

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5 Which of the following are NOT important when storing energy? A It should be portable B the energy flows out and can not be stopped C the energy is saved for a later use D it can be used for a particular purpose

Pull Pull

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6 Which of the following are a correct pair of use and fuel? A fire - battery B lamp - wood C car - gasoline D clock - wood

Pull Pull

Slide 22 / 59 Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)

All "Gravitational Potential Energy" means is that when things are lifted, they can do work. Here is an example. The part of the river on the left is higher than on the right. The water has has GPE. As it flows, the wheel turns.

Slide 23 / 59 GPE Continued

Falling rocks can do "work" on a

• car. The energy in the rocks on top
• f the cliff is stored until the rocks are pushed.

A hammer is a tool that relies on human power and GPE. As the hammer falls, the hammer head strikes the target. It would be painful if this fell on a finger.

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7 A student jumped on the ramp shown and the rock rolled

• away. The student is using ______.

A Gravitational Potential Energy B Stored electric energy C Battery power D a fuel

Pull Pull

Slide 25 / 59 Spring Energy

Springs store energy when they are compressed or stretched from the "at rest" position. This toy car needs to be wound up with a special key. There is a spring inside which is being stretched. When the car is released, the spring will contract and make the wheels turn. Push to link to a quick video about Potential Spring Energy.

Pull Pull

Slide 26 / 59 More Energy Stored in Springs

A Nerf gun uses springs to shoot foam bullets.

A trampoline, carabiner, a spring board and leaf springs on tires all use the energy in springs to do a

• job. Can you explain each?

Slide 27 / 59 Springs act as shock absorbers!

The springs in this seat absorb the energy from a rough

• terrain. The rider would be very uncomfortable if bicycle

seats didn't have springs. Do you know other examples of springs acting as shock absorbers?

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8 In this picture, a man is bungee jumping over a gulf of

• water. The energy that saves him from falling in the

water is from A his feet, which have to hold tightly to the rope. B the bungee, it is a spring which pulls him up. C he will fall in the water D he's doomed!

Pull Pull

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Lost Energy

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Slide 30 / 59 Think for a minute about being cold....

What are actions you take to stay warm on a chilly day? Or when you get out of the shower? Why do you do those things? How does that keep you warm?

Brrrr!

Slide 31 / 59 What is happening?

When you are wet, or in cold air, your body loses heat energy! YOU wear clothes, dry off, put on a hat and coat, etc. You are keeping the heat close to your body. Once the heat energy leaves your body, can you get it back? Can it be a fuel for anything else?

Slide 32 / 59 Heat energy is the most common energy to be lost.

In this picture, you can see how heat energy is lost from a human hand. This is natural. In every engine that uses fuel, some

• f the fuel is lost to heat.

In an incandescent light bulb, most of the energy is not used for the purpose of becoming light, it becomes heat!

If you have ever touched this kind of bulb after it has been on awhile, you may have gotten burned!

Slide 33 / 59 What is Heat Energy?

Heat is the movement of molecules. If there is a lot of movement, we say there is a lot of heat. Atoms "wiggle"and bump each other. The more energy they have, the faster they move.

Slide 34 / 59 Lost Energy

Things which lose energy can be judged as efficient or inefficient. An efficient car converts more of the gasoline it uses to moving the car, and less is lost as heat. It has a high "mpg" rating. An inefficient car has a low mpg rating. More of the gasoline turns to heat.

Slide 35 / 59 Lost Energy - Sound

Sound is another form of energy that once released, can not be recaptured. We can not use sound energy to charge a phone, or run a computer. When the sound is over, the energy is lost to the air.

Slide 36 / 59 "Sound Activated"

There are many examples of sound activated toys, switches and T-shirts. Sound waves trigger the "start" button, but they do not power the toy or shirt.

Push to see a sound activated toy.

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9 The image below show an engine losing heat. The white area is where the most heat is lost. We would call this engine A efficient B inefficient C neither

Pull Pull

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10 One way to prevent heat loss from your body is to A stay dry B wear warm clothes C wear a hat D all of the above

Pull Pull

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11 Heat or sound energy that leaves a machine or person is considered lost energy. Yes No

Pull Pull

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12 Atoms or molecules that move quickly are said to have _____ energy. A Heat B Action C Light D solar

Pull Pull

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Transformation of Energy

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Slide 42 / 59 Energy transformation means to turn one type of energy to different type of energy.

In this animation, a person is using chemical energy (from their food) to jump high, which gives them gravitational energy.

Slide 43 / 59 Energy can be transformed from

• ne type to another.

Chemical Solar Gravitational Electric Wind Light Mechanical

Plants

Can you think of examples

• f how energy is

transferred from one type to another? Chemical Solar Gravitational Electric Wind Light Mechanical

Slide 44 / 59 Here are some examples!

Solar energy Chemical Solar Gravitational Electric Wind Light

Plants Trees grow, drop seeds (example) Solar cells make electricity Uneven heating of the earth causes wind Light is the energy from the sun that reaches earth.

Slide 45 / 59 We transform electric energy to make many types of energy. Can you identify them?

Light GPE Mechanical Wind Heat Sound

Drag the labels to the correct transformation.

Slide 46 / 59 Where do we get electricity?

Electricity is formed when magnets move over a wire. If we can move LOTS of magnets over MANY wires, we can make electricity for a town or city. This happens at a Power Plant. Power Plants convert a fuel into mechanical energy to move the magnets.

Push for a short video of flowing water moving the magnets making electricity.

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13 Electricity can be converted into (choose all that apply) A Heat B Sound C Gravitational energy D Wind E mechanical F light

Pull Pull

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14 Solar Energy can be used to make electricity. Yes No

Pull Pull

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15 Moving magnets create electricity in a wire. Yes No

Pull Pull

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Defining Engineering Problems

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Slide 51 / 59 You and I benefit from the designs

• f Engineers.

Someone had to design and create the tools we use, power plants for electricity, the light bulbs, radios and batteries we have talked about in this lesson. These people are called Engineers. There are many types of

• engineers. We are going to look at some of the solutions they

have created to solve problems related to energy. Then, YOU are going to get to be an Engineer!

Slide 52 / 59 Some of the issues....

• 1. Fuels are rarely found where they need to be used.
• 2. Not all energy is in the usable form.
• 3. The final use of energy dictates what kind of energy is

needed.

• 4. Can the solution be used for many people?

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For each of these, there is usually a tool. Someone has to design the tool!

• 1. Fuels are rarely found where they need to be used.

Transportation of fuels and energy solves this.

• 2. Not all energy is in the usable form.

Batteries, machines, and electricity are created.

• 3. The final use of energy dictates what kind of energy is

needed. You can't use batteries to heat a house. Engineers use the appropriate energy types for the job!

• 4. Can the solution be used for many people?

Is it safe? Is it difficult to understand? What is the cost?

Slide 54 / 59 Engineering and Energy Transformation

Often, these solutions require a transformation of energy. A simple example is a grill. A grill is a tool to heat food. Wood or coal (full of chemical energy) is burned to create

• heat. The heat energy in the grill transfers to the food, making

it hot.

Slide 55 / 59 Design a Tool or Machine

You are going to design a tool or machine to do a job. The type of machine you must imagine is called a "Rube Goldberg" machine. In this type of machine, many steps are taken to perform a simple task. In the video below, the goal is to turn a newspaper page. There are MANY types of energy conversions. Can you write down 3 examples as you watch the video?

Click to watch!

Slide 56 / 59 More Examples

Wile E. Coyote is always trying to create a machine to catch the Road Runner. Honda used a Rube Goldberg machine in this award winning commercial.

Slide 57 / 59 What can you design? Can you create it? Your teacher will give you the goal, tell you what materials you can use, and the minimum number of steps or energy transformation you must include. Ready? Set? Begin!!!! Slide 58 / 59 Slide 59 / 59