[PPT] - State of the art of ecological restoration in the Mediterranean PowerPoint Presentation

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Agadir, Morocco March 20th – 24th, 2017

State of the art of ecological restoration in the Mediterranean

(challenges and opportunities)

JORDI CORTINA UNIVERSITY ALICANTE SOCIETY ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION EUROPE

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STATE OF THE ART OF ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN

1. DEVELOP AND USE KNOWLEDGE
2. ENGAGE SOCIETY
3. INTEGRATE ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION INTO LAND PLANNING

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M. Balsalobre

Sierra Espuña Regional Park, Murcia, SE Spain

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4.6 MHa 1.7 MHa

MAGRAMA (2005)

FOREST PLANTATIONS SPAIN 1940-2005

YEAR

Algeria Green Belt (1970-2000) – 122.680 ha (Bensaid, 2003) Forest and pastoral plantations PNDAR Algeria (2000-2007) – 390.900 ha (Terramed, 2009) Tunisia PN Reboisement (1990-2000) + PN Investissement dans le Secteur Forestier (2000-2011) – 885.000 ha (Larbi Chakroune, 2003) Morocco 20th century – 508.000 ha (Sabir, 2003) Total afforested/reforested Magreb – 2,000.000 ha (Le Houérou, 2000)

LONG HISTORY OF ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION

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www.leonoticias.com Palaciosmil (León), NE Spain Orihuela (Alicante), SE Spain

RESTORING THE RESTORED AREAS

High fuel accumulation Vulnerability to drought

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LIMITED ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE
DEFICIENT INVESTMENT IN POST-PLANTATION MANAGEMENT
UNEXPECTED CHANGES (CLIMATE CHANGE, EUTROPHICATION)

WHAT WENT WRONG?

ALLOCATE FUNDS FOR EVALUATION AND MONITORING
DIFFUSE AND USE THIS INFORMATION- ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT
IMPLEMENT PROJECTS AT ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL TIME SCALES

HOW TO AVOID PAST MISTAKES

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STATE OF THE ART OF ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN

1. DEVELOP AND USE KNOWLEDGE
2. ENGAGE SOCIETY
3. INTEGRATE ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION INTO LAND PLANNING

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Spanish strategy Green Infrastructure, Connectivity and Ecological Restoration

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FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

 Include ER in National Program for Rural Development (European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development)  Use European Regional Development Funds (2014-2020) for ER.  Use resources allocated to adaptation to climate change (Plan PIMA Adapta and later), and other lines of funding at the State level.  Conditioned funding for projects from the Automous Regions fitting this strategy and following good practices.

Spanish strategy Green Infrastructure, Connectivity and Ecological Restoration

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10 Superficie: 186 km2 Longueur: 21 km Altitude: 0 – 1750 m Relief: Accidenté Climat: Semi-aride Méditerranéen P°: 298 mm T°: 17,6 °C

BÉNI BOUFRAH VALLEY, RIF, N MOROCCO

DERAK, M. (2017). Analyse multicritère des services écosystémiques et restauration participative des forêts. Cas du Bassin de Béni Boufrah, Nord du Maroc. U. Tetouan

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Aleppo pine plantations, B Boufrah, Morocco

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Society acceptance?

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Shrublands Pine plantations Cactus Crops Arar

Landscape units, B Boufrah, Morocco

M. Derak, 2017

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Tetraclinis Cactus Crops Afforestation Shrublands

0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,35 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,35 Direct ranking score MCA score

Scientists and Managers

Tetraclinis Cactus Crops Afforestation Shrublands

0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,35 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,35 Direct ranking score MCA score

Direct users

Integrated participative evaluation of ESS

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a b b c d 0,000 0,050 0,100 0,150 0,200 0,250

Tetraclinis Cactus Crops Afforestation Shrublands

Overall score

χ2=181.16; N=67; p<0.0001

Integrated participative evaluation of ESS

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Participative restoration, Torres, B. Boufrah valley

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Participative restoration, Torres, B. Boufrah valley

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Participative restoration, Torres, B. Boufrah valley

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Participative restoration, Torres, B. Boufrah valley

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Participative restoration, Torres, B. Boufrah valley

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Fondó NP, Elx, SE Spain, Agricultural Reservoir

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Sand dunes in Catalonia, NE Spain

J. Lascurain SGM S.L.

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Sand dunes in Catalonia, NE Spain

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TOURIST & BUILDING INDUSTRIES

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STATE OF THE ART OF ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN

1. DEVELOP AND USE KNOWLEDGE
2. ENGAGE SOCIETY
3. INTEGRATE ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION INTO LAND PLANNING

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PINE PLANTATIONS?

WETLANDS?

CROPLANDS? METRICS?

COST-BENEFIT?

NATURE-SOCIETY?

ACTIVE-PASSIVE?

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Province of Alicante, SE Spain
High risk of desertification and flooding
Dry sub-humid to semiarid
225,000 Ha

TERECOVA – Tools for integrating ecological restoration into land planning in the Region of Valencia, Spain

Map priority areas for restoration

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Ownership Protection status Flood risk Connectivity... STAKEHOLDER PLATFORM IDENTIFICATION-WEIGHT CRITERIA GIS CRITERIA PRIORITY MAP IDENTIFICATION- WEIGHT ESS SOCIO-ECO SCENARIOS RESTORATION SCENARIOS GIS ESS PRIORITY AREAS WHERE COST-BENEFIT MINIMIZES VALUATION, TRANSFER, DIFFUSION

INTEGRATING PEOPLE VALUES AND ASPIRATIONS

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NATURAL AREAS

Wetlands
Coastal areas
Shrublands and steppes
Forest in dry sub-humid areas
Forest in semi-arid areas
North facing slopes
Dead pine plantations

HIGHLY ANTHROPIC AREAS

Rainfed crops
Irrigated crops
Quarries
Dumping sites and debris
Rivers

FUNCTIONS AND RISKS

Erosion and desertification
Carbon fixation
Water retention and storage
Salinization
Water pollution
Wildfires
Flooding
Invasive species

PRIORITIZATION CRITERIA

LANDSCAPE FEATURES

Corridors
Periurban areas
Protected areas
Vicinity of protected areas
Areas with rare, endemic, threatenen flora, fauna
Traffic infrastructures

SOCIO-ECONOMIC

Unemployed and vulnerable communities
Vicinity of residencial áreas
Touristic areas
Areas with touristic potential
Public areas
Recreation areas

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Sand dune fixation
Carbon fixation
Flood control
Erosion control
Increased soil fertility
Improved water quality
Pest control
Fuel breaks
Climate regulation
Fauna
Corridors
Biomass accumulation
Birdwatching
Hunting
Fishing
Fish farms
Minerals, salt
Aromatic medicinal plants
Fruits
Agri production
Snails
Honey
Grazing
Aquifer recharge
Surface water collection
Landscape aesthetics
Leisure activities
Cultural heritage, identity
Residential tourism
Conventional tourism
Ecotourism
Sports
Employment
Environmental education
Research

ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

PROVISION SOCIAL-CULTURAL OTHER

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EXPLORATORY MODEL High to Very High Priority: 13.687 Ha Economic cost of restoring Increase integrated provision of ESS

PRIORITY AREAS WITH LOWER COST:BENEFIT

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SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION Environmental management which aims at protecting biodiversity, increase the provision of ecosystem services and contribute to human welfare. STATE OF THE ART OF ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN (challenges and opportunities)

1. DEVELOP AND USE KNOWLEDGE
2. ENGAGE SOCIETY
3. INTEGRATE ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION INTO LAND PLANNING

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info@ser-europe.org www.ser-europe.org @SER_Europe

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WELCOME TO

ICELAND 2018

9TH-13TH SEPTEMBER (SERE2018.ORG)

Soil Conservation Service of Iceland Agricultural University of Iceland UNU – Land Restoration Training Programme

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TERECOVA – Tools for integrating ecological restoration into land planning in the Region of Valencia (CGL2014-52714-C2-1-R)

THANK YOU!!

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deandar.com

Batlle i Roig, +2001 Barcelona Dumping site Vall de Joan, Garraf, Spain

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Racó de Tudela Culip, Club Méditerranée, Girona, Spain- Estudi Martí Franch, +2005