SLIDE 1
Outline
Intro
- Solar Resource
PV
- Status
- Growth
- Opportuni8es
Conn Center
- Overview
- Mo8va8ons
- Themes
Research
- Prin8ng PV
- Projects
State of Solar Energy Generation Thad Dru ff el, PhD, PE 14 May 2016 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
State of Solar Energy Generation Thad Dru ff el, PhD, PE 14 May 2016 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
State of Solar Energy Generation Thad Dru ff el, PhD, PE 14 May 2016 Outline Solar Resource Intro Status Growth PV Opportuni8es Overview Mo8va8ons Conn Themes Center Prin8ng PV Projects Research The Solar
SLIDE 2
SLIDE 3
The Solar Resource
h@p://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/images/content/226335main_earthsun_200803XX_HI.jpg
The solar energy that reaches the Earth in one hour is about as much as the total energy used by everyone on the planet for an en8re year We are like tenant farmers chopping down the fence around our house for fuel when we should be using Nature's inexhaus:ble sources of energy — sun, wind and :de. ... I'd put my money on the sun and solar
- energy. What a source of power! I
hope we don't have to wait un:l oil and coal run out before we tackle
- that. – Thomas Edison (1931)
SLIDE 4
Solar Resource
Jean, J., P. R. Brown, R. L. Jaffe, T. Buonassisi and V. Bulović, Pathways for solar photovoltaics. Energy Environ. Sci., 2015. 8(4): p. 1200-1219.
SLIDE 5
Global PV
SLIDE 6
Quarter Century of Growth
Gigawa@s Installed Gigawa@s Installed 20 Terawa@s
SLIDE 7
Costs
SLIDE 8
Other Costs
- PV manufacturers reduced module costs by 80% from 2008-2012.
- Single digit margins.
- Other hardware contributed 10-20% cost reduc8ons.
- Substan8al cost savings from so_ costs are available.
- Permi`ng alone ~ $1/W.
Barbose, G and N. Darghouth; Tracking the Sun VII, The Installed Price of Residen8al and Non-Residen8al Photovoltaic Systems in the United States, Lawrence Berkeley Na8onal Laboratory, August 2015, trackingthesun.lbl.gov
SLIDE 9
Jobs
h@p://www.thesolarfounda8on.org/na8onal/
SLIDE 10
Resources
Jean, J., P. R. Brown, R. L. Jaffe, T. Buonassisi and V. Bulović, Pathways for solar photovoltaics. Energy Environ. Sci.,
- 2015. 8(4): p. 1200-1219. doi 10.1039/
c4ee04073b
SLIDE 11
KY Manufacturing
h@p://energy.ky.gov/Programs/Documents/Vulnerability%20of%20Kentucky's%20Manufacturing%20Economy.pdf
SLIDE 12
KY Manufacturing
h@p://energy.ky.gov/Programs/Documents/Vulnerability%20of%20Kentucky's%20Manufacturing%20Economy.pdf
SLIDE 13
LCOE
h@ps://www.lazard.com/media/2390/lazards-levelized-cost-of-energy-analysis-90.pdf
SLIDE 14
LCOE
h@ps://www.lazard.com/media/2390/lazards-levelized-cost-of-energy-analysis-90.pdf
SLIDE 15
Storage
- Thermal
- Mechanical
- Chemical
- Intermi@ency
- 24/7 Supply
- Distributed
- Community
SLIDE 16
LCOE with Storage
h@ps://www.lazard.com/media/2391/lazards-levelized-cost-of-storage-analysis-10.pdf
SLIDE 17
New Materials & Processes
Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research
Power Devices Thin Film Solar Energy Efficiency Energy Storage Solar Fuels Biofuels & Biomass
SLIDE 18
Other Five
SLIDE 19
Solar Manufacturing R&D
Low-cost solar cells Electrochromic films BaReries Planar concentrator films Low cost alterna:ve to transparent, conduc:ng substrates Light EmiSng Diodes
SLIDE 20
Near Atmospheric
- Solution Phase Depositions
- Aqueous and low
VOC
- Near Atmospheric Temperatures
- No need for special chambers
- Thin Films
- Flexible Solar
- Printed Electronics
- LEDs
- Batteries
- Fuel Cells
- Membranes
Near Atmospheric Processes
T Vacuum x-Si CdTe Glass DSC ? High Low Low High near atmospheric processes using tradi8onal prin8ng techniques can drive down costs
Costs
SLIDE 21
Printing Energy
- Solution based processing
- Nanoscaled elements
- Improved charge transport
- Increased surface areas
- Unique processing
SLIDE 22
Nanotechnology
h@p://www.nsf.gov/news/overviews/nano/index.jsp
SLIDE 23
Areas of Research and Development
Silicon Thin Film Flexible
>90% market
- $0.50-$1 per Wa@
- 14%-22%
- 30 year warrantee
- New cell designs
- Reduced costs
<10% market
- $0.67 per Wa@
- 13%-18%
- Robust
- Ini8al low cost
- Process opportunity
Emerging market
- <<$0.50 per Wa@
- ~10%
- Con8nuous mfg
- Durability concerns
- Low yields
Images by Alfred Hicks/NREL
SLIDE 24
Silicon Solar
Synthesis Deposi:on Sintering
SLIDE 25
Flexible Solar
Jsc Voc FF η 16.6 ± 1.77 1.02 ± 0.03 0.69 ± 0.06 11.5 ± 0.62
- Intense Pulsed Light
- < 1 ms per cell
- Roll-to-roll compa8ble
- Repeatable
- Implemented on plas8c
Lavery, B. W., S. Kumari, H. Konermann, G. L. Draper, J. Spurgeon and T. Druffel, Intense Pulsed Light Sintering of CH3NH3PbI3 Solar Cells. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
- 2016. doi 10.1021/acsami.
5b10166
SLIDE 26
Water Based Inks
- Inexpensive formulation
- Fast Processing
- Power conversion Efficiency ~ 8%
- Photothermal/Photoelectrochemical
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 J, mA/cm2 V, Volts
0 M TALH 0.04 M TALH 0.14 M TALH 0.43 M TALH 1.3 M TALH b c a TiO2 Powder
TALH Hybrid Ink
Water TALH TiO2
Lupitskyy, R., V. K. Vendra, J. Jasinski, D. A. Amos, M. K. Sunkara and T. Druffel, Toward high-efficiency dye-sensiGzed solar cells with a photoanode fabricated via a simple water-based formulaGon. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applica8ons,
- 2015. 23(7): p. 883-891. doi 10.1002/pip.
2502
SLIDE 27
Architectural Photovoltaics
SLIDE 28
Scale Up using Roll-to-Roll
Ultraviolet Intense Pulsed Light Plasma
SLIDE 29
Science on Tap
June 14 – Prin:ng the Sun 6pm
- Dr. Thad Druffel
Every hour, enough energy from the sun hits the earth’s surface to power the world for an en8re year. Despite this poten8al, solar energy currently provides less than 1 percent of global
- electricity. Can the same technology that democra8zed knowledge, the prin8ng press, be
reimagined to sa8sfy the world’s ever growing demand for energy and independence? More importantly, can it be scaled fast enough?
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