Source Influences on Ambient Ozone Precursor Concentrations in the - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Source Influences on Ambient Ozone Precursor Concentrations in the Colorado Front Range Shannon Capps 1 , Gokulram Paranjothi 2 , Kent Kurashima 2 , and Jana B. Milford 2 1 Drexel University 2 University of Colorado Boulder

Colorado Front Range Denver-Julesburg Basin Cities & Counties Area of Interest from Colorado Oil & Gas Conservation Commission (COGCC) Interactive Map

Measurement Campaign • Conducted by Colorado Samples 2013 2014 Department of Public Health & Environment ( CDPHE ) Air Denver 57 58 Pollution Control Division Platteville 51 56 Ozone Precursor Study • Flasks analyzed for 79 non- 3-hr samples acquired from • methane organic 6 a.m. to 9 a.m. M.S.T. compounds methane and carbonyls • co-elution of 1-butene and • separately measured and isopentane in sampling led to analyzed their exclusion Data courtesy of Gordon Pierce (CDPHE)

Wells* Cities Platteville measurement site Denver measurement site from COGCC Interactive Map (Oct 2016) *actual directional/horizontal well bottomhole

Platteville Measurement Site Google Street View

Platteville Site Google Maps

Denver Site Google Maps

Denver Measurement Site Google Street View

Evaluating Source Influences p ∑ E ik = A ij B jk + i = 1,2, … , m ; k = 1,2, … , n ε ik j = 1 Positive Matrix Factorization • p , total factors • (PMF) [4-6 evaluated] • A ij , source profile: loading of • i , compound observed and • compound i on factor j attributed [79 NMVOCs] • B jk , normalized source • contribution: j th factor’s k , observation • contribution for the total [~55 per site per year] • k th observation 


Percent of Species Sum in Factor 100 100 100 100 100 Five Physically-meaningful Factors 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 0 0 0 0 0 1_Nonene 1_Octene 1_Pentene 1_2_3_Trimethylbenzene 1_2_4_Trimethylbenzene 1_3_Butadiene 1_3_5_Trimethylbenzene 2_Methyl_1_butene 2_Methyl_2_butene 2_Methylheptane 2_Methylhexane 2_Methylpentane 2_2_Dimethylbutane 2_2_3_Trimethylpentane 2_2_4_Trimethylpentane 2_3_Dimethylbutane 2_3_Dimethylpentane Factor 1 2_3_4_Trimethylpentane 2_4_Dimethylpentane 3_Methylheptane 3_Methylhexane 3_Methylpentane a_Pinene Factor 2 Acetylene Benzene cis_2_Butene cis_2_Pentene Cyclohexane Factor 3 Cyclopentane Ethane Ethylbenzene Ethylene Isobutane Isoprene Factor 4 m_Ethyltoluene m_Xylene/p_Xylene Methylcyclohexane Methylcyclopentane n_Butane Factor 5 n_Decane n_Heptane n_Hexane n_Nonane n_Octane n_Pentane n_Propylbenzene n_Undecane o_Ethyltoluene o_Xylene p_Ethyltoluene Propane Propylene Toluene trans_2_Butene trans_2_Hexene trans_2_Pentene sumNMVOC

Percent of Species Sum in Factor 100 100 100 100 100 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 0 0 0 0 0 1_Nonene 1_Octene 1_Pentene 1_2_3_Trimethylbenzene 1_2_4_Trimethylbenzene 1_3_Butadiene 1_3_5_Trimethylbenzene 2_Methyl_1_butene 2_Methyl_2_butene 2_Methylheptane 2_Methylhexane 2_Methylpentane 2_2_Dimethylbutane 2_2_3_Trimethylpentane 2_2_4_Trimethylpentane 2_3_Dimethylbutane 2_3_Dimethylpentane Factor 1 2_3_4_Trimethylpentane 2_4_Dimethylpentane 3_Methylheptane 3_Methylhexane 3_Methylpentane a_Pinene Factor 2 alkenes Acetylene Benzene cis_2_Butene cis_2_Pentene Cyclohexane Factor 3 Cyclopentane Ethane Ethylbenzene Ethylene Isobutane Isoprene Factor 4 m_Ethyltoluene m_Xylene/p_Xylene Methylcyclohexane Methylcyclopentane n_Butane Factor 5 n_Decane n_Heptane n_Hexane n_Nonane n_Octane n_Pentane n_Propylbenzene n_Undecane o_Ethyltoluene o_Xylene p_Ethyltoluene Propane Propylene Toluene trans_2_Butene trans_2_Hexene trans_2_Pentene sumNMVOC

Percent of Species Sum in Factor 100 100 100 100 100 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 0 0 0 0 0 1_Nonene 1_Octene 1_Pentene 1_2_3_Trimethylbenzene 1_2_4_Trimethylbenzene 1_3_Butadiene 1_3_5_Trimethylbenzene 2_Methyl_1_butene 2_Methyl_2_butene 2_Methylheptane 2_Methylhexane 2_Methylpentane 2_2_Dimethylbutane 2_2_3_Trimethylpentane 2_2_4_Trimethylpentane 2_3_Dimethylbutane 2_3_Dimethylpentane Factor 1 2_3_4_Trimethylpentane 2_4_Dimethylpentane 3_Methylheptane 3_Methylhexane 3_Methylpentane α -pinene a_Pinene Factor 2 Acetylene Benzene cis_2_Butene cis_2_Pentene Cyclohexane Factor 3 Cyclopentane Ethane Ethylbenzene Ethylene Isobutane Isoprene Factor 4 m_Ethyltoluene m_Xylene/p_Xylene Methylcyclohexane Methylcyclopentane n_Butane Factor 5 n_Decane n_Heptane n_Hexane n_Nonane n_Octane n_Pentane n_Propylbenzene n_Undecane o_Ethyltoluene o_Xylene p_Ethyltoluene Propane Propylene Toluene trans_2_Butene trans_2_Hexene trans_2_Pentene sumNMVOC

Percent of Species Sum in Factor 100 100 100 100 100 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 0 0 0 0 0 1_Nonene 1_Octene 1_Pentene 1_2_3_Trimethylbenzene 1_2_4_Trimethylbenzene 1_3_Butadiene 1_3_5_Trimethylbenzene 2_Methyl_1_butene 2_Methyl_2_butene 2_Methylheptane 2_Methylhexane 2_Methylpentane 2_2_Dimethylbutane 2_2_3_Trimethylpentane 2_2_4_Trimethylpentane acetylene and ethylene 2_3_Dimethylbutane 2_3_Dimethylpentane Factor 1 2_3_4_Trimethylpentane 2_4_Dimethylpentane 3_Methylheptane 3_Methylhexane 3_Methylpentane a_Pinene Factor 2 Acetylene Benzene cis_2_Butene cis_2_Pentene Cyclohexane Factor 3 Cyclopentane Ethane Ethylbenzene Ethylene Isobutane Isoprene Factor 4 m_Ethyltoluene m_Xylene/p_Xylene Methylcyclohexane Methylcyclopentane n_Butane Factor 5 n_Decane n_Heptane n_Hexane n_Nonane n_Octane n_Pentane n_Propylbenzene n_Undecane o_Ethyltoluene o_Xylene p_Ethyltoluene Propane Propylene Toluene trans_2_Butene trans_2_Hexene trans_2_Pentene sumNMVOC

Percent of Species Sum in Factor 100 100 100 100 100 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 0 0 0 0 0 1_Nonene 1_Octene 1_Pentene 1_2_3_Trimethylbenzene 1_2_4_Trimethylbenzene 1_3_Butadiene 1_3_5_Trimethylbenzene 2_Methyl_1_butene 2_Methyl_2_butene 2_Methylheptane 2_Methylhexane 2_Methylpentane 2_2_Dimethylbutane 2_2_3_Trimethylpentane 2_2_4_Trimethylpentane 2_3_Dimethylbutane 2_3_Dimethylpentane Factor 1 2_3_4_Trimethylpentane 2_4_Dimethylpentane 3_Methylheptane 3_Methylhexane 3_Methylpentane isoprene a_Pinene Factor 2 Acetylene Benzene cis_2_Butene cis_2_Pentene Cyclohexane Factor 3 Cyclopentane Ethane Ethylbenzene Ethylene Isobutane Isoprene Factor 4 m_Ethyltoluene m_Xylene/p_Xylene Methylcyclohexane Methylcyclopentane n_Butane Factor 5 n_Decane n_Heptane n_Hexane n_Nonane n_Octane n_Pentane n_Propylbenzene n_Undecane o_Ethyltoluene o_Xylene p_Ethyltoluene Propane Propylene Toluene trans_2_Butene trans_2_Hexene trans_2_Pentene sumNMVOC

Percent of Species Sum in Factor 100 100 100 100 100 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 0 0 0 0 0 1_Nonene 1_Octene 1_Pentene 1_2_3_Trimethylbenzene 1_2_4_Trimethylbenzene 1_3_Butadiene 1_3_5_Trimethylbenzene lighter, branched, and cyclic alkanes 2_Methyl_1_butene 2_Methyl_2_butene 2_Methylheptane 2_Methylhexane 2_Methylpentane 2_2_Dimethylbutane 2_2_3_Trimethylpentane 2_2_4_Trimethylpentane 2_3_Dimethylbutane 2_3_Dimethylpentane Factor 1 2_3_4_Trimethylpentane 2_4_Dimethylpentane 3_Methylheptane 3_Methylhexane 3_Methylpentane a_Pinene Factor 2 Acetylene Benzene cis_2_Butene cis_2_Pentene Cyclohexane Factor 3 Cyclopentane Ethane Ethylbenzene Ethylene Isobutane Isoprene Factor 4 m_Ethyltoluene m_Xylene/p_Xylene Methylcyclohexane Methylcyclopentane n_Butane Factor 5 n_Decane n_Heptane n_Hexane n_Nonane n_Octane n_Pentane n_Propylbenzene n_Undecane o_Ethyltoluene o_Xylene p_Ethyltoluene Propane Propylene Toluene trans_2_Butene trans_2_Hexene trans_2_Pentene sumNMVOC

Percent of Species Sum in Factor 100 100 100 100 100 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 20 40 60 80 0 0 0 0 0 1_Nonene 1_Octene 1_Pentene 1_2_3_Trimethylbenzene 1_2_4_Trimethylbenzene 1_3_Butadiene 1_3_5_Trimethylbenzene 2_Methyl_1_butene 2_Methyl_2_butene 2_Methylheptane 2_Methylhexane 2_Methylpentane 2_2_Dimethylbutane 2_2_3_Trimethylpentane 2_2_4_Trimethylpentane 2_3_Dimethylbutane 2_3_Dimethylpentane Factor 1 2_3_4_Trimethylpentane sum of the VOCs 2_4_Dimethylpentane 3_Methylheptane 3_Methylhexane 3_Methylpentane a_Pinene Factor 2 Acetylene Benzene cis_2_Butene cis_2_Pentene Cyclohexane Factor 3 Cyclopentane Ethane Ethylbenzene Ethylene Isobutane Isoprene Factor 4 m_Ethyltoluene m_Xylene/p_Xylene Methylcyclohexane Methylcyclopentane n_Butane Factor 5 n_Decane n_Heptane n_Hexane n_Nonane n_Octane n_Pentane n_Propylbenzene n_Undecane o_Ethyltoluene o_Xylene p_Ethyltoluene Propane Propylene Toluene trans_2_Butene trans_2_Hexene trans_2_Pentene sumNMVOC