Solutions for an electrified world Agenda Kreisel Electric - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Solutions for an electrified world

Agenda

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Kreisel Electric Applications

Superior performance, safety and modularity at competitive cost

Prototyping Battery module & pack technology

From prototyping beginnings to battery pack technology provider

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Focus on in-house research & development, validation and assembly

Engineering & simulation Testing & quality Software development Production & assembly

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Kreisel offering the best environment for best talents

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Solutions for an electrified world

Agenda

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Kreisel Electric Applications

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Performan formance ce Safety ety Modu dulari larity ty

Desig ign to cost

Superior battery pack technology at competitive cost

Superior performance through best-in- class thermal management Improved safety due to unique propagation prevention features Modularity as a result of “Lego” principle Competitive prices due to clear focus on “design to cost”

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Simple patent protected architecture based on cylindrical cell

1 3 2 4 Cylindrical cells (18650 & 21700) Mechanical base plate Hollow block for direct liquid cooling Electrical contacting spring with fuse 5 “Lego” principle

5 4 1 2 3

Design to cost

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Benefits on pack level

Cylindrical cell Pouch cell Prismatic cell Cost / availability

• Thermal management

+

Safety

+

Assembly / complexity

+ ++

Of the three competing cell formats, Kreisel uses cylindrical cells in its battery modules…

1 2 3 4

High Medium Low Very high performan ance

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Benefits on pack level

Cylindrical cell Cylindrical cell Pouch cell Prismatic cell Cost / availability

• Thermal management

++ +

Safety

++ +

Assembly / complexity

+ + ++

Improved key attributes are a direct result of the patented thermal management, safety features and modular architecture

… and through the use of the Kreisel Technology improves the key aspects of cylindrical cells compared to other formats

High Medium Low Very high performan ance

1 2 3 4

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Expected cell price evolution (acc. to Fraunhofer 2017) Kreisel component cost depending on production size

$28 $20 $142 $80 100k packs 500k packs Kreisel components Cell

Total cost per battery pack ~$ ~$100 00 per kWh Total cost per battery pack ~$170 0 per kWh

(in $ per kWh)

Cylindr ndrical cells Pouc uch h cells

E E E

2019 2025

Kreisel targets $100/kWh by latest 2025

1

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Historical costs cylindrical Cylindrical (minimal cost) Cylindrical (maximal cost) Historical costs large pouch / prismatic cells Pouch / prismatic (minimal cost) Pouch / prismatic (maximal cost)

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Cylindri rical cal (high power r 21700) Pris ismatic tic (high power r 120x80x 0x12) 12)

Possibility to use smaller batteries at same power

• utput

Cell level

Gravimetric energy density 154 Wh/kg Gravimetric energy density 78 Wh/kg

Exemplary 6 kWh pack Pack level

Volumetric energy density 179 Wh/l Gravimetric energy density 116 Wh/kg Volumetric energy density 111 Wh/l Gravimetric energy density 64 Wh/kg

Utilizing idle space for Cooling/heating Safety Stability Adds space and weight for Cooling/heating Safety Stability 98% higher 61 61% higher 82 82% higher

1

Utilization of idle space leads to higher energy density

Thermal management Direct liquid cooling

KREISEL ELECTRIC

8x larger cooling surface area compared to prismatic cell Optimal heat transfer due to direct contact with cell Excellent cooling performance and thermal management

Charging temperature quickly reached

Kreisel cooling g can hold d Ion cell at (+-) 5 degrees

(+ (+-)5º (+ (+-)5º Time Temperature

1

Discharging temperature quickly reached

+

Charge rge modus us Drive modus us

2 +

Holding in very narrow temperature ranges possible (+/- 5°) at packing level Controlled fast temperature changes possible

Liquid flow

2

Thermal management allows for improved C-rates and lifetime

Direct liquid cooling leads to best-in-class thermal management

KREISEL ELECTRIC 8.3min ~21km

Yokohama-S Tiergarten Antoniusbuche Döttinger Höhe Meuspath Nurbur urg

Nordsch chlei eife fe

Bilstein-Kurve Advan-Bogen

Veedol-Schikane Mercedes-Arena

Hatzenbach Hocheichen Quiddelbacher Höhe Flugplatz Schwedenkreuz Aremberg Fuchsröhre Adenauer-Forst Kallenhard Metzgesfeld Adena nau Wehrseifen Ex-Muhle Bergwerk Kesselchen Klostertal Caracciola- Krussell Hohe Acht Wippermann Eschbach Brunnchen Pflanzgarten Stefan-Bellof-S Schwalbenschwanz

B257 B258 B257 B412

Cell-stress by extreme racing cycle up to 36C

𝑫 − 𝑺𝒃𝒖𝒇: 𝑫𝒗𝒔𝒔𝒇𝒐𝒖 𝑫𝒃𝒒𝒃𝒅𝒋𝒖𝒛 = 𝟐𝟏𝟗𝑩 𝟒𝑩𝒊 𝟐 𝑫𝒇𝒎𝒎 = 𝟒𝟕𝑫

2

Hybrid-racing test at Nürburgring Nordschleife demonstrates the increased cell performance

Increased cell performance Test environment

Kreisel cooling at same temperature level would lead to energy savings compared to other cooling concepts Side wall cooling derates after 400s if environmental temperature is ≥30°C (measurement) KREISEL ELECTRIC

Tests are still running (April 19)

90% SOH @ 3,300 Cycles with Kreisel cooling 3,300 Cycles = 69,300 racing km @ Nürburg- ring Nord- schleife

Racing profile vs cooling principle Cooling effect on lifetime @ racing cycles

Racing test shows best-in-class cooling performance and lifetime compared to closest competitor

Competitive cooling benchmark with 21700 cell @ discharge 36C and charge 15C

2

57 57°C 50 50°C Cycle le Stop 60°C

• Temp. Fluid inlet = 35°C
• Temp. Environment = 25°C

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Cooling element Kreis isel l direct liqui uid d cool

• ling:

ing: Maximum JR (Jelly Roll) temperature during cycle: 64.85°C No temperature derating

1 1 2

Single gle side cool

• led

d cells lls: : Maximum JR (Jelly Roll) temperature during cycle: 81.85°C Temperature derating

2

Base coole led d cells ls: Maximum JR (Jelly Roll) temperature during cycle 123.96°C Risk of thermal runaway

3

Therma mal Resistan tance ce [W/K]: W/K]: 3.0 3.7 5.7

Cooling element Cooling element

Cooled Cell Surface [mm²]: 940 525 346

3

2

Simulation confirms superior thermal management

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Module features Module energy density 2.7l/kWh and 4.1kg/kWh Cell propagation protection Yes, only one cell propagated Single cell protection Yes Degassing channel Yes Non-combustible materials Yes Integrated module heat shield Yes Arisen toxins (without cell) No

State of charge Cells Passed

100% 18650 NMC 811 high energy cell with 265Wh/kg

✔

100% 18650 NMC 811 high energy cell with 265Wh/kg

✔

Nail test Heating wire test

3

Safety level confirmed by thermal runaway tests

Variety of 21700 cell formats KREISEL ELECTRIC

High performance High energy 3Ah 5Ah

36 9 9 9 9 18 18 6 6 6 6 6 6 12 12 12

20 module configurations

Validation tion up to string g level l for platfor

• rm

Fast time e to marke ket Low engineer eering/i g/inves vestmen tment t cost

e.g. 280 string configurations

100S 9P (360V 10kWh) 3Ah 100S 18P (360V 32kWh) 5Ah 100S 6P (360V 6,5kWh) 3Ah 50S 18P (180V 16,2kWh) 5Ah 180S 6P (650V 12kWh) 3Ah 12S 36P (48V 7,7kWh) 5Ah 12S 18P (48V 3,9kWh) 5Ah 12S 9P (48V 1,9kWh) 5Ah 12S 6P (48V 1kWh) 5Ah 12S 36P (48V 5,1kWh) 3Ah 100S 36P (360V 65kWh) 5Ah 180S 18P (650V 58 kWh) 5Ah 12S 36P (48V 8 kWh) 5Ah 180S 36P (650V 117kWh) 5Ah 100S 36P (360V 39kWh) 3Ah 100S 9P (360V 9,7kWh) 3Ah 180S 6P (650V 11,5kWh) 3Ah 100S 6P (360V 6,5kWh) 3Ah 50S 18P (180V 16,2kWh) 5Ah 12S 36P (48V 7,7kWh) 5Ah

Modular design enables improved customization & industrialization

Etc.

4

KREISEL ELECTRIC

String ing (Step p 2) Pack k (Step p 3) Module le (Step p 1)

100% automated 100% tool parts Optimized synchronization Semi automated Simple & inexpensive pack design

4

Remarkable industrialization capabilities

Example: Laser welding process KREISEL ELECTRIC

Laser

4

Robust and efficient production processes

Solutions for an electrified world

Agenda

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Kreisel Electric Applications

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Solutions for an electrified world

KREISEL ELECTRIC

Scenario ‘small batteries for BEV’ with sufficient thermal management

Low cost battery for BEV

80 kWh 50kWh

Advantages Cost reduction up to 40% Still high power peak-level achievable, due to high C-rates of 6C No loss in lifetime caused by higher C-rates Lower weight Lower installation space Mind change 250km range (instead of 400km) Fast charging within 5-10min (approx. 300kW, >6C) Power charging infrastructure necessary

High ranges are not an essential purchase criterion

10min charge 10min charge 50min charge Total distance 750km High energy cells High performance cells

Fast charging with 10C (21700 Power Cell) KREISEL ELECTRIC

Fast charging applications for e.g. PHEV, E-boats, E-motorbikes, small urban vehicles (25kWh)

Cycle test still running (April 19)

Lifetime measurements

Based on measurements 0% - 80% SOC in 6 minutes possible with high power cells and thermal management

100 kWh battery up to 150kW (battery charge 40 kW)

CHIMERO – plug & play fast charging solution

KREISEL ELECTRIC