Smart Homes #1 Ubiquitous Computing Spring 2007 1 Readings At - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Smart Homes #1 Ubiquitous Computing Spring 2007 1 Readings At Home with Ubiquitous Computing: Seven Challenges Keith Edwards and Rebecca Grinter Casablanca: Designing Social Communication Devices for the Home Debby Hindus et al. A Survey
Ubiquitous Computing Spring 2007
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At Home with Ubiquitous Computing: Seven Challenges
Keith Edwards and Rebecca Grinter
Casablanca: Designing Social Communication Devices for the Home
Debby Hindus et al.
A Survey of Research on Context-Aware Homes
Meyer and Rakotonirainy
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“Smart homes” better people’s lives with increased communication, awareness, and functionality However, there exist technical, social, and pragmatic challenges Raise awareness of existing domestic technology literature Increase the use of situated studies an overview
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Technology is getting there:
But, there still exist some challenges! the smart home is coming
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The “accidentally” smart home Impromptu interoperability No systems administrator Designing for domestic use Social implications of aware home technologies Reliability Interference in the presence of ambiguity the seven challenges
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Current “smart” environments are intentional More realistic that technology brought piecemeal into the house Even mundane examples, demonstrate big problems the “accidentally” smart home
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Current “smart” environments are intentional More realistic that technology brought piecemeal into the house Even mundane examples, demonstrate big problems How do users debug their home? Is this simply “a design problem?” Solution is to provide affordances the “accidentally” smart home
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When designing think of these questions:
the “accidentally” smart home
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Ability to interconnect with little advance planning A priori agreement on syntax and semantics is needed impromptu interoperability
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Ability to interconnect with little advance planning A priori agreement on syntax and semantics is needed Creating standards for all types of devices is not feasible New models of connectivity are required impromptu interoperability
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Homeowners will need to be system administrators Appliance model: “application-centric” computing Utility model: “thin-client” solution no systems administrator
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Homeowners will need to be system administrators Appliance model: “application-centric” computing Utility model: “thin-client” solution Why doesn’t plumber/electrician model work? no systems administrator
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Learning from the telephone Learning from the cell phone Learning from domestic technology studies
technology
designing for domestic use
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Learning from the telephone Learning from the cell phone Learning from domestic technology studies
technology
Designers need to pay attention to the subtle house routines designing for domestic use
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Are domestic technologies labor saving? Introduction of technology into the home changes societal expectations Has the introduction of technology increased or shifted the amount of work you do? social implications of aware home technologies
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Are domestic technologies labor saving? Introduction of technology into the home changes societal expectations Has the introduction of technology increased or shifted the amount of work you do? TV has changed “good parenting” to controlling what not if your child watches In Europe mobile phones teaches children about managing money and safely gives them increased independence social implications of aware home technologies
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Current domestic technology is pretty reliable Because of differences in:
reliability
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Current machine inference is kinda bad (e.g. Clippy) How smart does a smart home have to be? Is it better to not act or to act and be wrong? interference in the presence of ambiguity
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Current machine inference is kinda bad (e.g. Clippy) How smart does a smart home have to be? Is it better to not act or to act and be wrong? Modes of intelligence:
interference in the presence of ambiguity
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Current machine inference is kinda bad (e.g. Clippy) How smart does a smart home have to be? Is it better to not act or to act and be wrong? Modes of intelligence:
interference in the presence of ambiguity
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Predictability is important
interference in the presence of ambiguity
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Predictability is important
How can we redesign the bluetooth speakers to be more predictable? interference in the presence of ambiguity
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Explore how media space concepts can be incorporated into households and family life Did prototypes, field studies, and consumer testing of design concepts Generated conclusions about designing household social communication devices an overview
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“Phatic” communication: a type of speech in which the ties of union are created and maintained by a mere exchange of words prototypes supporting household communication
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“Phatic” communication: a type of speech in which the ties of union are created and maintained by a mere exchange of words CommuteBoard
NeighborNet
KitchenNet
prototypes supporting household communication
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Two users shared rides to work Supplanted the existing routine by using a shared whiteboard which displayed handwritten notes Audio sensors showed ambient noise at other home commuteboard
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Simple, ephemeral and expressive interactions are effective in homes Prototypes in the home require higher level of finish than in office due to safety and convenience concerns Video and audio are attractive, but require high speeds Synchronicity wasn’t totally necessary early prototypes lessons
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Simple, ephemeral and expressive interactions are effective in homes Prototypes in the home require higher level of finish than in office due to safety and convenience concerns Video and audio are attractive, but require high speeds Synchronicity wasn’t totally necessary What about the privacy concerns? early prototypes lessons
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Conducted 16 in-depth home interviews Two families visited again for lengthier observations Later 35 home visits in six cities ethnographic-inspired methods
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Households are displays Households are sanctuaries Family life is the household priority Women are household communicators Telephone is not good enough ethnographic-inspired lessons
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Awareness
Audio
there
Note and Picture Sharing
by drawing on a paper-sized whiteboard and can also use it to send physical articles (snapshots, drawings, etc)
concept development
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Two rounds of exploratory focus groups with women
concept validation
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Two rounds of exploratory focus groups with women
RoomLink and MessageBoard resonated with participants Desirable attributes for social communication devices:
concept validation
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Based on PresenceLight No active sensing, communication had to be initiated by someone Intentional Presence Lamp (IPL)
Curtain Model Lampshade Model
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Based on MessageBoard ScanBoard
ScanBoard Prototype ScanBoard Screen In Use
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Intentionality and aesthetics made IPL attractive Scanning and sharing made ScanBoard attractive Expressiveness and simplicity made both attractive Lessons Learned
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Homes are a distinct domain Media spaces in homes will span a wide range Social communication is a suitable research topic Express just enough meaning, but not too much Social interaction should not be imposed on users Guidelines for Designing Social Communication
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Surveyed existing domestic context-aware technology research Presentation of research issues that need to be addressed to improve quality of people living within context-aware homes an overview
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“...offer an unobtrusive and appealing environment embedded with pervasive devices that help its occupants to achieve their tasks at hand; technology that interacts closely with its
interaction becomes implicit.” the goal of context-aware buildings
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Awareness of its own state and that of related systems Awareness of user intentions, tasks and feelings Ability to autonomously adapt its behavior spontaneously on context changes characteristics of c-a home technology
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basic components of a context-aware system
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Make sensors “smart” by combining them with microprocessors
Locate objects and people
instrumentation trends
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Tangible interfaces
Sensors with wireless communication Video Cameras
instrumentation trends
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Disappearing Computer Initiative
with the context-aware occupants’ lifestyles
context-aware home environment from social and economic perspectives
Do we really want the computer to disappear in the home? user experience trends
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Disappearing Computer Initiative
with the context-aware occupants’ lifestyles
context-aware home environment from social and economic perspectives
Do we really want the computer to disappear in the home? Design for fun
user experience trends
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Give users more control and awareness (e.g. W3C P3P) Two main approaches to ensuring privacy
privacy implications of system architecture
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Give users more control and awareness (e.g. W3C P3P) Two main approaches to ensuring privacy
Privacy at the sensor-level Video is problematic Let the environment stay “dumb” privacy implications of system architecture
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